Mhlawumbe uke wahlolwa nge-ultrasound ukuze uthole enye inkinga yesisu kanti umbiko wawuthi "Gallbladder Polyp" futhi wawukhathazekile kancane. Noma mhlawumbe usanda kuzwa igama. Ziyini ngempela lezi zimila eziku-gallbladder? Ingabe ziyingozi njengoba zizwakala? Ingabe zingaba nomdlavuza? Ake siphendule yonke imibuzo yakho ngalokhu namuhla.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini le gallbladder?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume ngala ma-nut, ake siqonde kancane ngendawo lapho la ma-nut ekhiqizwa khona, okungukuthi, i-gallbladder. Cabanga ukuthi umzimba wethu ufana nefektri enkulu. Isibindi kule fektri yisona esenza uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-bile. Le nyongo ibaluleke kakhulu kithi ukugaya ukudla okunamafutha esikudlayo.
Manje, inyongo ekhiqizwa yisibindi ayihambi ngqo emathunjini. Igcinwa esithweni esincane esifana nesikhwama. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi inyongo . Iyisitho esincane esibunjwe njengekhiwane, esitholakala ngaphansi kwesibindi. Inyongo igcina inyongo ethile, imunce amanzi akuyo, bese iyijiyisa. Uma sidla ukudla okunamafutha, inyongo iyafinyela bese ithumela lenyongo ejiyile emathunjini. Kalula nje, inyongo 'iyinqolobane yenyongo' emzimbeni wethu.
Ngakho-ke ziyini lezi polyps ze-gallbladder?
Kulungile, manje sesiyazi ukuthi iyini i-gallbladder. Ama-polyp e-gallbladder ukukhula kwezicubu okungajwayelekile okwakheka olwelwesini lwe-mucous lwe-gallbladder. Cabanga ngawo njengento efana nama-warts esikhumbeni sethu akhula ngaphakathi kwe-gallbladder. Angabangelwa izinto ezahlukahlukene.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi iningi lala ma-cyst alinangozi futhi alinangozi . Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ukuthi angabangela ukuvuvukala kwenyongo. Futhi, inani elincane kakhulu lawo, cishe angu-5%, lingaba nomdlavuza.
Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-4% no-7% wabantu abadala bahlakulela izimila zenyongo. Kodwa-ke, u-5% kuphela walezi zimila ezinesifo somdlavuza. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwesaba uma uzwa igama.
Zingaki izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo zamantongomane ezikhona?
Yebo, lawa matshe enyongo awafani. Angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Ake sibone ukuthi ayini.
| Uhlobo lwe-Polyp | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ama-pseudopolyp | Lezi yizona ezivame kakhulu (cishe u-60%-90%). Lezi akuzona izimila empeleni. Zakheka lapho i -cholesterol eyengeziwe emzimbeni wethu ifakwa odongeni lwenyongo. Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi izimila ze-cholesterol. Lezi azizona nhlobo umdlavuza. |
| Ama-Polyps Okuvuvukala | Lokhu kubonakala cishe ku-5%-10% wamacala. Lezi yizicubu ezifana nezibazi ezakheka lapho inyongo ivuvukala ngokuphindaphindiwe (i-cholecystitis), okusho ukuthi iyavuvukala. Lezi futhi aziwona umdlavuza. |
| Ama-Adenoma | Lezi zibhekwa njengezimila ezingenabungozi. Azinazo umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, inani elincane kakhulu (cishe u-0.5%) lalezi zinhlobo zezimila lisengozini yokuba umdlavuza. |
| Ama-polyps Amabi | Lezi yizinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu. Kodwa azivamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ziwuhlobo lomdlavuza olubizwa ngokuthi i-adenocarcinoma . |
Ingabe izimila zenyongo zingabangela ubuhlungu? Ziyini izimpawu?
Lokhu kuyinkinga nakubantu abaningi. Ngokumangalisayo, ama-99% ama-cyst e-gallbladder awabangeli zimpawu . Esikhathini esiningi, atholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngesinye isizathu.
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nezimpawu uma i-cystic duct noma i-bile duct ivaliwe. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi i-bile ihlangane ngaphakathi kwe-gallbladder, okubangela ukuthi i-gallbladder ivuvuke. Kulezi zimo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ubuhlungu ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu.
- Imfiva.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-Jaundice).
Kodwa khumbula, lezi zimpawu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zibangelwa amatshe enyongo kunamathumba. Ngakho-ke ungacabangi ukuthi lesi simila siyimbangela ngoba nje unalezi zimpawu.
Kungani izimila zenza lokhu? Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?
Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani kwakheka, njengamathumba angempela. Kungukukhula okungavamile emangqamuzaneni omzimba.
Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu, ama-polyp e-cholesterol kanye nama-polyp okuvuvukala, esixoxe ngawo ngaphambili, akha njengomphumela ongemuhle wezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Zibangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol kanye nokuvuvukala okuvamile kwenyongo (i-cholecystitis).
Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola izimila ze-gallbladder:
- Ukuba namatshe enyongo.
- Ukuvuvukala njalo kwenyongo (i-Cholecystitis).
- Ukuvuvukala kwemisele yenyongo (i-Cholangitis).
- Ukutheleleka kwe-Hepatitis B.
- Ezinye izimo zofuzo (isib. i-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - FAP).
- Ukwanda kwamazinga e-cholesterol emzimbeni.
- Uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala.
Umbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yawo wonke umuntu: Ingabe lokhu kungaba umdlavuza?
Kulungile, manje ake sifinyelele entweni ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma umbiko wakho weskeni uthi 'i-gallbladder polyp', umbuzo wokuqala ofika engqondweni yakho uthi, "O, ingabe lokhu kungaba umdlavuza?"
Iqiniso liwukuthi, udokotela akakwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka okungu-100% ngokuskena ukuthi isimila sinomdlavuza noma cha. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukususa inyongo ngokuhlinzwa bese uthumela isimila elabhorethri ukuze sihlolwe (biopsy).
Kodwa, akubona bonke abantu abanesimila abasuswa inyongo yabo, akunjalo? Yingakho odokotela behlola ingozi yokuthi isimila sibe nomdlavuza. Ukuze benze lokhu, bacabangela izinto ezimbalwa kakhulu:
1. Usayizi wesimila: Lesi yisici esibaluleke kakhulu. Izimila ezingezona ezomdlavuza zivame ukuba zincane ngobukhulu. Izimila zomdlavuza zivame ukuba zikhulu ngobukhulu.
Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, uma isimila sikhulu kunesentimitha eli-1 (amamilimitha ayi-10) , kubhekwa njengesisengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukususa inyongo.
2. Izinga Lokukhula: Ngemva kokuthola ukuthi unesimila, udokotela wakho cishe uzokucela ukuthi wenze i-ultrasound scan njalo ngonyaka noma ngaphezulu ukuze abone ukuthi isimila sikhula ngokushesha kangakanani. Isimila esingesona esibi sivame ukukhula ngaphansi kwamamilimitha amabili ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, isimila esinomdlavuza singakhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
3. Izimpawu:Uma kunezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nomkhuhlane, lokho kuyacatshangelwa.
4. Ubudala besiguli: Kuqashelwa kakhulu izimila ezenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50.
Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzobheka konke lokhu bese enquma ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa, noma ukuthi ukuskena nje kwanele.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izimila ze-gallbladder?
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha izimila zenyongo.
1. Ukuqaphela
Yilokhu okwenzekayo isikhathi esiningi. Uma isimila sakho sincane (singaphansi kuka-1 cm), singenazo izimpawu, futhi singenazo ezinye izinto eziyingozi, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi akukho lutho ongakwenza njengamanje, nokuthi sizosibuka nje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzoba ne-ultrasound scan njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6 noma ngonyaka ukuze ubone ukuthi isimila siyashintsha yini ngobukhulu. Uma kungekho shintsho, uzoqhubeka nokubhekwa.
2. Ukuhlinzwa - Ukususwa Kwe-Cholecystectomy
Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi isimila sakho singase sibe nomdlavuza, ukwelashwa okungcono nokuwukuphela kwakho ukususa yonke inyongo ngokuhlinzwa. Awukwazi ukususa nje isimila enyongweni. Kufanele ususe inyongo ngokwayo.
Amacala lapho kunconywa khona ukuhlinzwa:
- Uma isimila sikhulu kuno-1 cm.
- Uma isimila sikhula ngokushesha.
- Uma kukhona amatshe enyongo kanye nesimila.
- Uma isimila sibangela izimpawu ezinzima.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Indlela yokwenza lokhu kanye nezinzuzo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy | Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole." Esikhundleni sokwenza i-incision enkulu esiswini, kwenziwa imicu emincane emi-3 noma emi-4 , kufakwa ikhamera (i-laparoscope) ngomunye wemicucu, bese kufakwa amathuluzi amancane ngomunye umcucu, bese inyongo isuswa ngaphansi kweso elibukhali le-monitor. Izinzuzo zalokhu yilezi: ubuhlungu obuncane, ukuhlala esibhedlela okuncane, ukululama okusheshayo (cishe amasonto ama-2), kanye nezibazi ezincane kakhulu. Lena yindlela evame kakhulu esetshenziswa njengamanje. |
| Vula i-Cholecystectomy | Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okukhulu kancane ngaphansi kwezimbambo ohlangothini lwesokudla, ukuvula isisu, nokususa inyongo. Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma kukhona ukusolakala komdlavuza futhi uma izicubu ezizungezile nazo zidinga ukususwa. Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi ukuphola (cishe amasonto ayi-6-8). Kunobuhlungu obuningi kanye nezibazi. |
Ingabe kunzima ukuphila ngemva kokususwa kwenyongo yakho?
Lokhu futhi kuyinto abantu abaningi abayesabayo. Bacabanga ukuthi, "O, uma ngisusa isitho emzimbeni wami, kuzoba nenkinga, akunjalo?"
Empeleni, inyongo ayisona isitho esingenakukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwaso. Ngemva kokususwa kwayo, ungaphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele. Uma inyongo isusiwe, inyongo ekhiqizwa esibindini ayigcini, kodwa igeleza ngqo emathunjini kancane kancane.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bengakhululekile esiswini noma bevuvukala ngemva kokudla ukudla okunamafutha. Yingakho udokotela wakho ezokutshela ukuthi unciphise ukudla okuthosiwe namafutha emasontweni ambalwa okuqala. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, umzimba wakho uzojwayela le ndlela entsha yokudla. Ngemva kwalokho, abantu abaningi bangadla noma yikuphi ukudla ngokujwayelekile ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungesabi ukuzwa igama elithi ama-polyp e-gallbladder. Iningi lalawa ama-growth angenangozi avela emalini e-cholesterol.
- Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akubangeli zimpawu. Kutholakala ngengozi.
- Lezi zinobungozi obuphansi kakhulu bokuba nomdlavuza (ngaphansi kuka-5%).
- Udokotela wakho uzoqapha ubukhulu kanye nezinga lokukhula kwalezi zimila ngokusebenzisa ama-ultrasound scans.
- Ngisho noma kufanele uhlinzwe ukuze kususwe inyongo yakho, ungakhathazeki. Ungaphila impilo enempilo ngokuphelele, evamile ngaphandle kwenyongo .
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza mayelana nombiko wakho wokuskena noma ukwelashwa, zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza udokotela wakho. Ungesabi ngokungadingekile ngokufunda izinto ku-inthanethi.
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