Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwamehlo akho kuphezulu, ukuthi une-glaucoma, nokuthi ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa la mazwi. Sonke siyazwela kancane uma kukhulunywa ngamehlo ethu. Kodwa ungesabi. Isayensi yezokwelapha ithuthuke kakhulu kulezi zinsuku. Namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-glaucoma kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kufanele yini ukwesabe.
Kuyini i-glaucoma? Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Kalula nje, i-glaucoma yisimo esonakalisa i-optic nerve, exhumanisa amehlo ethu nobuchopho bethu. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kweso.
Cabanga nje, uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Aqueous humor' luhlala lukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu, futhi luphinde luphume esweni. Lokhu kufana nethangi lamanzi eligcwala amanzi, kodwa amanzi aphuma ngakolunye uhlangothi. Uma kukhona ukuvinjelwa ekuphumeni kwalolu ketshezi, uketshezi luyaqoqana ngaphakathi kweso bese ingcindezi iyanda. Lokhu kucindezela okwandayo yikona okulimaza inzwa ethambile ye-optic.
Kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-glaucoma:
1. Ukudala indlela entsha yokuthi uketshezi oluqongelela ngaphakathi kweso luphume kalula.
2. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukunciphisa inani loketshezi olukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kweso.
Umgomo wokuhlinzwa, kusetshenziswa noma iyiphi yalezi zindlela ezimbili, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo nokuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe emthanjeni we-optic.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa kwe-glaucoma?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-glaucoma kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuhlinzwa kwe-laser kanye nokuhlinzwa kokusika. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe, kuye ngesimo sakho.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Incazelo emfushane |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukuhlinzwa Nge-Laser - Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela | |
| I-Laser Trabeculoplasty | Inqubo evame kakhulu. Ukukhanya kwe-laser kuqondiswa ku-trabecular meshwork, ehlunga uketshezi esweni, isuse ukuvinjelwa futhi ihambise ukuhamba koketshezi. |
| I-Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI) | I-laser yenza imbobo encane kakhulu ku-iris, ingxenye enombala yeso, ukuze kube lula ukunyakaza koketshezi. |
| I-Cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) | I-laser iqondiswe engxenyeni yeso ekhiqiza uketshezi (umzimba we-ciliary), okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa koketshezi. |
| 2. Ukuhlinzwa Kokusika - Ngokuvamile kwenziwa egumbini lokuhlinza | |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Trabeculectomy | Inqubo yendabuko. Kwenziwa imbobo encane engxenyeni emhlophe yeso (i-sclera) ukuze kudalwe indlela entsha yokukhipha uketshezi. |
| I-Tube Shunt | Ipayipi elincane kakhulu eliguquguqukayo (i-shunt) lifakwa esweni ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Glaucoma Okungangeneleli Kakhulu (MIGS) | Ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi amancane kakhulu nangokusikwa okuncane kakhulu. Ukululama okusheshayo. |
Okuningi mayelana nokuhlinzwa nge-laser
Ukuhlinzwa nge-laser kuyinqubo engenabuhlungu evame ukuqedwa ngemizuzu embalwa. Uhlobo olusha lwe-laser trabeculoplasty yi-SLT (Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty). Lokhu kungaphindwa uma kudingeka. Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa njengokwelashwa kokuqala kwe-glaucoma. Inqubo ye-LPI isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kwi-closed-angle glaucoma.
Okunye okwengeziwe ngokuhlinzwa kokusika
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa lapho i-glaucoma ingenakulawuleka ngokwelashwa nge-laser noma ngemithi. Kodwa ngendlela yakamuva, i-`MIGS` (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Glaucoma Okuncane Okungenayo), izinto eziningi zishintshile. Kulokhu, ukusikwa kuncane kakhulu, isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sifushane, futhi izingozi ziphansi. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-`MIGS` kungenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract.
Ulungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela uzohlangana nawe akuchazele konke. Ngaleso sikhathi:
- Amehlo akho azohlolwa kahle futhi kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo ezidingekayo.
- Bazokhuluma ngalokho ongakulindela ekuhlinzweni.
- Bazokubuza ngomlando wakho wempilo kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi).
Ngokuvamile uzonikezwa imiyalelo ethile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, njenge:
- Uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (isib. i-aspirin, ama-NSAID) izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Uma unikezwa i-anesthesia, uzocelwa ukuthi uhlele ukuthi othile akushayele ngoba awukwazi ukushayela imoto .
- Bazokwazisa ukuthi kufanele uzile isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Kunikezwa imiyalelo ecacile mayelana nokuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele uyithathe nokuthi yini ongayithathi ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa.
Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Kuzokusiza kakhulu ukwazi konke ngokucacile.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Ingabe ngizozwa ubuhlungu?
Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ngoba iso lakho lizophelelwa amandla. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane noma ukungakhululeki esweni lakho. Udokotela uzokunika amaphilisi obuhlungu kanye namaconsi amehlo ukusiza ngalokhu.
Isikhathi sokululama siyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenzile.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa nge-laser, ungase uqale imisebenzi evamile phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa ngokusikwa, udinga ukuqaphela isikhashana. Kuzodingeka ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ukufaka amanzi emehlweni akho, noma ukuhlikihla amehlo akho isonto elilodwa noma amabili, noma mhlawumbe inyanga.
Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi udinga ukubuya nini ukuze uthole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaya kulawo ma-aphoyintimenti. Yilapho-ke izinto ezifana nokucindezeleka kwamehlo kanye nokuphulukiswa kuhlolwa khona.
Kufanele ngimshayele nini udokotela?
Uma uya ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uzizwa ungavamile. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, ungalibali.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, obukhulu .
- Uma uzizwa sengathi umbono wakho uyanyamalala ngokuzumayo noma uyafiphala.
- Uma iso liba bomvu kakhulu, izinyembezi ziyageleza noma amafinyila ayanda.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umgomo oyinhloko wokuhlinzwa kwe-glaucoma ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo nokuvikela umbono wakho ekulimaleni okwengeziwe.
- Kunezindlela ezahlukene, njengokuhlinzwa nge-laser, ukuhlinzwa kokusika, kanye ne-MIGS. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Ngokuvamile lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa ephephile, futhi ezimweni eziningi, ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo mayelana nokuhlinzwa noma isimo sakho. Ukuqonda okucacile kuyimithi engcono kakhulu.
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