Ingabe unalezi zimpawu? Ake sifunde ngomdlavuza wobuchopho obizwa ngokuthi i-Glioblastoma (GBM)!

Ngezinye izikhathi siphathwa yikhanda ngokuzumayo, noma sizwa ushintsho emehlweni ethu, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe inkumbulo yethu ilahlekile kancane. Lezi zinto zingaba yinto evamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingaba izimpawu zesifo esibi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo olubi kakhulu lomdlavuza wobuchopho okubaluleke kakhulu ukuluqaphela.

Kuyini i-Glioblastoma (GBM)?

Kalula nje, i-Glioblastoma (GBM) uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho oyingozi oluvame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Cabanga nje, kunezisele ezikhethekile ebuchosheni bethu ezisiza amangqamuzana ezinzwa ukuthi asebenze kahle, abizwa ngokuthi 'amaseli e-glial'. Phakathi kwala maseli e-glial, kukhona uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi 'ama-astrocyte'. Kulawa maseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-astrocyte lapho lo mdlavuza we-glioblastoma uqala khona.

Lawa maseli omdlavuza akhula futhi aphindaphindeke ngokushesha okukhulu. Asakazeka njengokhula ebuchosheni. Nakuba engavamile, ngezinye izikhathi lo mdlavuza ungasakazeka hhayi kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kuphela, kodwa nasemgogodleni womgogodla wethu. Eqinisweni, lo mdlavuza uyingozi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, uyingozi kakhulu kangangokuthi ungaholela ekufeni esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha uma ungelashwanga. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Glioblastoma (GBM)?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu umuntu one-Glioblastoma (GBM) angase abe nazo. Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, futhi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobukhulu besimila kanye nendawo yaso ebuchosheni.

• Umbono ofiphele noma umbono ophindwe kabili: Ungase uzizwe sengathi umbono wakho uya uba mubi ngokuzumayo, noma ungase uzizwe sengathi ubona izinto kabili.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile: Akuyona ikhanda elivamile, kodwa ikhanda elibuhlungu elinzima kancane, elihlala njalo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi elibi kakhulu ekuseni.
• I-Anorexia: Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ukukhohlwa izinto nobunzima bokukhumbula amagama.
• Izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasebuntwini: Izinguquko ezifana nokungabi njengakuqala, ukushintsha indlela ocabanga ngayo, ukuthukuthela kalula, noma ukuthula kakhulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi kanye nokuba ndikindiki emzimbeni: Ingalo noma umlenze owodwa uba ndikindiki, ulahlekelwa yibhalansi, futhi awukwazi ukugcina ibhalansi efanele lapho uhamba.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungase kwenzeke, ikakhulukazi ekuseni.
• Ukuquleka: Ukuquleka kungenzeka ngendlela engakaze yenzeke ngaphambili.
• Ukukhubeka ngenkathi ukhuluma: Ubunzima bokuthola amagama, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma kahle uma ukhuluma.
• Izinguquko ekuzizweni komzimba, ukuqaqamba: Ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zingase zizwe ukuqaqamba noma zilahlekelwe umuzwa.

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela ngokushesha.Ngoba njengoba lesi simila sikhula ngaphakathi ebuchosheni, sibeka ingcindezi ebuchosheni, futhi izicubu zobuchopho ezinempilo nazo zingabhujiswa.

Kungani i-Glioblastoma (GBM) ikhula?

Umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo uthi, "Kungani lezi zifo zenzeka?" Abacwaningi abakayazi imbangela eqondile ye-Glioblastoma (GBM). Kodwa-ke, njengamanye ama-glioma (amathumba akhula ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni), ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kubangelwa izinguquko ku-DNA yethu.

Uyazi, izakhi zethu zofuzo ziqukethe i-DNA. Lezi zakhi zofuzo zisinika yonke imiyalelo yokuthi amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu kufanele akhule futhi ahlukane kanjani . Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona izinguquko ezithile (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) kule DNA, amangqamuzana aqala ukuhlukana ngokushesha nangokungalawuleki. Yileyo ndlela lawa maseli omdlavuza akhiwa ngayo.

Ingabe lesi isifo esizuzwe njengefa?

Omunye umbuzo obalulekile uthi, "Ingabe lesi yisifo esizuzwe njengefa?" Ngezinye izikhathi singazuza ufuzo oluhlukile kubazali bethu. Kodwa-ke, i-Glioblastoma (GBM) ayivamile kakhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zinguquko ze-DNA (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) zenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokuphila kwethu, okusho ukuthi azinawo uxhumano lwezakhi zofuzo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Glioblastoma (GBM)?

Nakuba noma ubani engaba nalesi sifo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Ubudala: I-Glioblastoma (GBM) ivame ukwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-45 no-70. Isilinganiso sobudala lapho kutholakala ukuthi unalesi sifo sineminyaka engaba ngu-64.
• Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile: Isibonelo, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezintweni ezifana nezibulala-zinambuzane, uphethiloli, irabha yokwenziwa, kanye ne-vinyl chloride kungaba yingozi.
• Izimo ezithile zofuzo, ezibangela umdlavuza: Abantu abanezimo zofuzo ezifana `(Neurofibromatosis)`, `(Li-Fraumeni syndrome)`, kanye `(Turcot syndrome)` basengozini enkulu yokuthola lo mdlavuza.
• Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda ngaphambilini: Ukuthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda ngesinye isizathu nakho kuyisici esiyingozi.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Glioblastoma (GBM)

I-Glioblastoma (GBM) kanye nokwelashwa kwayo kungaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.

• Izinguquko zemizwa nezinkinga zenkumbulo zingase zenzeke.
• Abantu abaningi abane-glioblastoma (GBM) bagcina sebeyekile ukwenza izinto ezifana nokusebenza nokushayela.
• Mhlawumbe kudingeka ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esigcwele .
• Lezi zinguquko zingaholela ezimweni ezifana nokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo.

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-Glioblastoma (GBM)?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-Glioblastoma (GBM).

Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala alalele ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho bese enza ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuhlola umbono wakho, ukuzwa, ibhalansi, kanye nokusabela komzimba.

Uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza wobuchopho, kungenziwa izivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) noma i-CT (Computed Tomography): Lokhu kuthatha izithombe zobuchopho ezinemininingwane futhi kubheke izinto njengokuthi ngabe kukhona yini izimila, ukuthi zikhulu kangakanani, nokuthi zikuphi ebuchosheni.
• I-Biopsy: Lolu vivinyo oluqondile lokuxilonga lesi sifo. Kulokhu, isampula encane yesimila isuswa ngokuhlinzwa bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kutholakale ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza nokuthi uhlobo luni lomdlavuza.

Amazinga e-Glioblastoma (GBM)

Odokotela bahlukanisa izimila zobuchopho ngokusekelwe ekuziphatheni kwazo, besebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlukanisa kusukela ku-I (eyodwa) kuya ku-IV (ezine).

• Izimila zebanga lokuqala zikhula kancane futhi azinawo ulaka oluningi.
• Izimila zebanga lesi-IV yizona ezikhula ngokushesha futhi ezinolaka kakhulu .
• Izimila ze-glioblastoma (GBM) ziwuhlobo lwesimila esinolaka kakhulu esingowebanga lesine (iBanga lesi-IV).

I-Glioblastoma (GBM) ingaba eyinhloko noma eyesibili:

• I-GBM Eyinhloko: Lokhu kuvela ngqo kumaseli e-glial, okusho ukuthi masha futhi anolaka.
• I-GBM yesibili: Lokhu kuvela ezinhlamvini ze-glial ezazisezingeni eliphansi (isibonelo, iBanga I noma II) ezazishintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zibe yi-Glioblastoma (GBM) enamandla kakhulu.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Glioblastoma (GBM)?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zalokhu. I-Glioblastoma (GBM) empeleni iyisifo okunzima ukuselapha ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu, zandise impilo kancane, futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila. Uhlelo lokwelapha luyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli futhi lunqunywa yithimba lodokotela.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukususa sonke isimila ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuchopho. Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lubizwa nangokuthi ``Craniotomy```.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ama-X-ray asetshenziselwa ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okungafika ku-30 ​​nsuku zonke cishe amasonto ayisithupha.
• IMRT (Ukwelashwa ngemisebe okuguquliwe ngamandla): Lena indlela ekhethekile eqondisa imisebe kuphela esigaxeni, inciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini zobuchopho ezinempilo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Stereotactic radiosurgery `(Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Stereotactic radiosurgery - Gamma Knife)`:Lokhu kusebenzisa nemisebe enamandla aphezulu eqondiswe esimila, kunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa uma i-GBM iphinda ivele ngemva kwe-IMRT.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Imithi inikezwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Le mithi ihamba egazini lomzimba futhi ihlasele amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ivame ukunikezwa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe bese iqhubeka.
• Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kwe-laser interstitial (LITT): Indlela esebenzisa amandla e-laser "ukushisa" nokubhubhisa isimila. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kuyasetshenziswa.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe kuhlose izinguquko ezithile zamaseli ezisiza ukukhula komdlavuza. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa njengendlela ehlukile esikhundleni se-chemotherapy noma kuhlanganiswe nayo.
• Izinkambu zokwelapha isimila (TTF): Indlela yokuvimbela ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokuthumela izinkambu zikagesi ezinamandla aphansi esimila ngama-electrode anamathele ekhanda. Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe ye-chemo.
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa amasosha omzimba wakho ukulwa namaseli e-GBM. Nakuba lokhu kuseyindlela yokwelapha yokuhlola, kunethemba.
• Ukunakekelwa kobuhlungu: Lokhu kuhilela ukuqeda izimpawu, ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, kanye nokunikeza induduzo ngokomzwelo. Kunganikezwa kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokwelashwa.

Akukho ukwelashwa okuhlala njalo kwe-Glioblastoma (GBM) okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwelashwa kunganikeza impumuzo futhi kusize ukwandisa impilo yesiguli.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, sicela ungazinaki. Kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.

• Izinkinga zenkumbulo, ikakhulukazi uma ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ukulingana kubizwa ngokuthi ``Ukuxhamazela``.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekuseni, elingaqedwa yimithi ejwayelekile yokwelapha izinhlungu.
• Izinkinga zamehlo, ukubona okubili, ukubona okufiphele.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, noma ukuba nesicanucanu nokuhlanza njalo.
• Umehluko ocacile ezicini nasebuntwini.
• Ubuthakathaka obukhula kancane kancane, ukuba ndikindiki, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, akusho ukuthi une-Glioblastoma (GBM). Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole imbangela.

Ingabe i-Glioblastoma (GBM) ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuvimbela izinguquko zofuzo ezibangela i-Glioblastoma (GBM), njengoba lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngokungahleliwe.

Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kuqala, izinga lokusabalala kwesimila lingancishiswa futhi izimpawu zingalawulwa.

Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nezimila zobuchopho, okusho ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi kukhona ingozi yofuzo, ungase uthande ukucabangela ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela noma umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo ngakho bese ufunda izinzuzo nezingozi.

Ukubikezela Isifo se-Glioblastoma (GBM)

I-Glioblastoma (GBM) ingumdlavuza oyingozi kakhulu, futhi isibikezelo asisihle neze. Uma ingelashwa, lesi sifo singaholela ekufeni ngesikhathi esifushane sokuxilongwa.

Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kwamanje kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu, kunikeze isiguli impumuzo, futhi mhlawumbe kwandise nobude besikhathi sokuphila.

• Izivivinyo zemitholampilo ziyaqhubeka ukuthola izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha. Lokhu kungaholela ekwelashweni okusha okufanele wena.
• Izindlela zokwelapha eziqondisa izakhi zofuzo ezithile zamaseli omdlavuza ziveza imiphumela emihle.
• Abacwaningi bahlola nezindlela zokuletha i-chemotherapy ngqo esimila sobuchopho.
• Ngokuvamile, abantu abaningi baphila phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12 neziyi-18 ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi bane-Glioblastoma (GBM).
• Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ye-glioblastoma (GBM) licishe libe ngu-5% . Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe abantu aba-5 kwabayi-100 abane-GBM basaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemuva kokuxilongwa.

Ukuthola ukuthi une-glioblastoma (GBM) kungaba yisinqumo esinzima ukusenza. Isimila sikhula ngokushesha, futhi ukwelashwa kungaba yinselele. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bayaqhubeka nokuthola izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha i-GBM. Izindlela zokwelapha zamanje zingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Udokotela wakho angakuqondisa ezinyathelweni zakho ezilandelayo futhi akusize uthole ukunakekelwa nokusekelwa okudingayo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, nakuba i-Glioblastoma (GBM) iyisimo esibucayi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela futhi uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu. Uma isheshe yatholakala, imiphumela yokwelashwa iba ngcono.

Hlala unethemba ngemithi emisha kanye nezivivinyo zezokwelapha. Isayensi yezokwelapha iyaqhubeka usuku nosuku.

Uma lokhu kwenzeka kuwe noma kothile omaziyo, khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa. Ukusekelwa nothando lodokotela, abahlengikazi, umndeni nabangane kubaluleke kakhulu kulesi sikhathi. Ukuhlala uqinile engqondweni nakho kungamandla amakhulu okubhekana nale nselele.

i- glioblastoma, i-gbm, umdlavuza wobuchopho, isimila sobuchopho, i-astrocytoma, i-astrocytoma, izimpawu zomdlavuza, izimila zobuchopho, ukwelashwa komdlavuza