Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola kunzima ukuphefumula uma uhamba ngezitebhisi noma isikhashana? Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu? Ingabe imilenze namaqakala akho kuyavuvukala kusihlwa? Ungakunaki lokhu njengento nje. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuthi inhliziyo yakho izama ukukutshela okuthile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesihloko esibaluleke kakhulu abantu abaningi abangasazi. Lokho ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma njengoba sikubiza ngamagama ezokwelapha, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kanye nemithi enikezwayo ngakho.
Okokuqala, ake siqonde ukuthi kuyini ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Abantu abaningi bayesaba lapho bezwa igama elithi Heart Failure. Bacabanga ukuthi, "Hawu, ingabe inhliziyo yami iyekile ukusebenza?" Kodwa akunjalo. Kalula nje, Heart Failure yisimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukupompa igazi kahle liye emzimbeni. Kufana nephampu yamanzi ebuthakathaka kancane futhi engakwazi ukupompa amanzi ethangini ngesivinini esifanele.
Lesi yisimo esiqhubekayo. Njengoba inhliziyo ingapompi igazi kahle, uketshezi luqala ukuqongelela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba, ikakhulukazi emaphashini , emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Yingakho ngikhulume ngezimpawu zokuphelelwa umoya , ukukhathala, nokuvuvukala emilenzeni . Uma lesi simo singelashwa, kunengozi enkulu yezinkinga ezinkulu njengokulimala kwezitho ezifana nesibindi nezinso, kanye nokuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akukwazi ukwelapheka ngokuphelele ngemithi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Ngemithi efanele kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, ungasilawula kahle lesi simo, usivimbele ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, futhi ulondoloze impilo enhle.
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi umuthi okulungele wena ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, ukuthi unezinye izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela , umfutho wegazi ophakeme , noma isifo sezinso , nokuthi isimo sakho sithuthuke kangakanani. Ngakho-ke, umuthi onikezwe umuntu oyedwa ngeke unikezwe omunye.
Yimiphi imithi eyinhloko esetshenziselwa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo?
Uma kwelashwa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kuvame ukusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yemithi, kunokuba kusetshenziswe umuthi owodwa. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi umuthi ngamunye wenza imisebenzi ehlukene emzimbeni futhi usiza inhliziyo. Njengoba nje ilungu ngalinye leqembu lekhilikithi lihle entweni eyodwa futhi ndawonye bayawina umdlalo.
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone izinhlobo zemithi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu nokuthi zisebenza kanjani.
| Ikilasi Lemithi | Kalula nje, kwenzekani ngalokhu? | Izibonelo Ezivamile |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-ACE Inhibitors (Ama-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) | Lokhu kusebenza ngokwandisa imithambo yegazi nokwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Lokhu kunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni wokupompa igazi. Cabanga ngakho njengokwandisa ipayipi elivalekile ukuze kube lula ukuthi amanzi ageleze. | I-Captopril, i-Enalapril, i-Lisinopril, i-Ramipril |
| Ama-ARB (Ama-Angiotensin-2 Receptor Blockers) | Njengemithi yokuvimbela i-ACE, lemithi yokuvimbela inhliziyo nayo iyasiza ngokwandisa imithambo yegazi. Odokotela batusa lolu hlobo lapho abanye abantu beba nemiphumela emibi njengokukhwehlela ngenxa yemithi yokuvimbela i-ACE. | I-Losartan, i-Valsartan, i-Candesartan |
| Ama-Beta Blockers | Lokhu kunciphisa ijubane lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi enhliziyweni. Lokhu kunikeza inhliziyo "ukuphumula" futhi kuyivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukupompa kangcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kulawula nama-hormone abangela ingcindezi enhliziyweni. | I-Carvedilol, i-Bisoprolol, i-Metoprolol Succinate |
| Amaphilisi Okuhlanza (Amaphilisi Amanzi) | Ngokuvamile sibiza lawa ngokuthi “amaphilisi amanzi.” Asiza ekususeni uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni ngomchamo. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuvukala kwemilenze kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula okubangelwa uketshezi emaphashini. | I-Furosemide (Lasix®), i-Spironolactone, i-Hydrochlorothiazide |
| I-ARNIs (ARB + Neprilysin Inhibitor) | Lolu uhlobo olusha noluthuthukisiwe lwemithi. Lusiza umzimba ukuthi ugcine ama-hormone emvelo amaningi avikela inhliziyo, kuyilapho lukhulisa nemithambo yegazi. Luwusizo kakhulu kubantu abanekhono eliphansi lokupompa inhliziyo (ingxenye yokukhipha). | I-Sacubitril/Valsartan (Entresto®) |
| Izithibi ze-SGLT2 | Nakuba lezi zaklanywa ekuqaleni ukwelapha isifo sikashukela, kamuva kwatholakala ukuthi zinciphisa ingozi yokulaliswa esibhedlela ezigulini ezinesifo senhliziyo. Zisiza izinso ukukhipha ushukela kanye ne-sodium. | I-Dapagliflozin (Farxiga®), i-Empagliflozin (Jardiance®) |
| I-Digoxin | Lomuthi wehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi uqinisa ukufinyela kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Unikezwa abantu abanezimpawu naphezu kweminye imithi kanye nalabo abane-atrial fibrillation engajwayelekile. | I-Digoxin (i-Lanoxin®) |
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi uma usebenzisa lo muthi?
Yebo, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, abanye abantu bangase babe nemiphumela emibi evela kule mithi. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu abayitholayo. Imiphumela emibi oyitholayo izoncika ohlotsheni lomuthi owunikezwayo.
Eminye yemiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yile:
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu, ikakhulukazi uma uvuka uhleli.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathele.
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi.
- Abanye abantu (ikakhulukazi labo abathatha i-ACE inhibitors) bangase babe nokukhwehlela okomile.
- Ukuchama njalo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokukhipha isisu.
- Amazinga e-potassium aphansi noma aphezulu egazini.
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha ezingavamile, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho kuqala. Lokhu kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokungakhululeki okutholayo. Angase akwazi ukushintsha umthamo noma akunikeze omunye umuthi ofaneleka kangcono kuwe.
Kanye nomuthi, yiziphi izinto okudingeka uzenze wena?
Imithi iyingxenye yempi kuphela. Ingxenye yesibili isezandleni zakho. Ukulungisa indlela yakho yokuphila kungaletha imiphumela engcono kakhulu kunemithi.
Nakekela lezi zinto nsuku zonke.
- Hlola isisindo sakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke, ekuseni. Uma ukhuphuka ngokuzumayo amakhilogremu ama-2 ngosuku olulodwa noma amabili, kungaba uphawu lokugcinwa kwamanzi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kungaba kuhle uma ungalinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola isiqaphi esihle somfutho wegazi.
- Qaphela kakhulu inani likasawoti (i-sodium) ekudleni okudlayo. Usawoti omningi wandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni futhi wandisa umthwalo enhliziyweni. Gwema izinto ezifana nama-pickle, izithelo ezomisiwe, amasoso, ukudla okusemathinini, kanye namasoseji ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Phuza kuphela inani lamanzi elinconywa udokotela wakho ngosuku. Ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka unciphise inani lamanzi owaphuzayo.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
- Uma ubhema, yeka namuhla. Ukubhema kungenye yezitha ezinkulu zenhliziyo.
- Nciphisa noma uyeke ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa utshwala.
- Ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho, yenza ukuzivocavoca okulinganiselwe nsuku zonke okukufanele. Ngisho nokuhamba ngezinyawo kwanele.
- Cabanga nangempilo yakho yengqondo . Kuvamile ukuzizwa udabuke futhi ukhathazekile uma uphila nesifo esifana nalesi isikhathi eside. Khuluma nomndeni wakho nabangani ngalokhu. Funa iseluleko uma kudingeka.
Indlela yokuphatha imithi?
Ngezinye izikhathi kungazwakala njengomsebenzi onzima uma kufanele uphuze imithi eminingi. Kodwa uma wenza lezi zinto kahle, uzozwa umehluko omkhulu.
- Thola i-refill izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba imithi yakho iphele. Ungalindi kuze kube usuku lokugcina.
- Bhala uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo bese ulugcina luseduze.Bhala phansi konke okukuyo, okuhlanganisa igama lomuthi, umthamo (isb. 50mg), ukuthi uwuthatha kangaki ngosuku, nokuthi uwuthatha ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla. Hamba nalolu hlu uma uya kudokotela.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono, ungayeki ukuthatha imithi yakho. Uzizwa ungcono ngoba imithi isebenza kahle. Uma uyeka ukuyithatha, isimo sakho singase sibe sibi futhi.
- Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma ukhulelwe njengamanje, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha, njengoba eminye imithi yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo ayifaneleki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo akusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho "ihlulekile." Kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho idinga usizo oluncane ukuze yenze lokho edinga ukukwenza. Lolo sizo luvela kule mithi kanye nezinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila. Ngakho-ke hlala uqinile futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Khona-ke ungaphila impilo ende, ejabulisayo, nenempilo ngalesi simo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akuyona ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kodwa ubuthakathaka benqubo yokupompa kwegazi yenhliziyo.
- Nakuba imithi ingenakuyelapha ngokuphelele le nkinga, kungenzeka ukulawula ukuwohloka kwalesi sifo futhi uphile impilo enhle.
- Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono, ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Kungaba yingozi.
- Kanye nemithi, ukudla ukudla okunosawoti omncane, ukugwema ukubhema, kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba njengoba kunconywa udokotela wakho nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi evela emithini yakho noma izimpawu zakho zishintsha, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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