Wake wazizwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokungajwayelekile? Lesi simo, esizwakala sengathi kukhona okuhambahambayo esifubeni sakho, saziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Atrial Fibrillation. Uma lokhu kungenakulawuleka ngemithi, sikhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ephumelelayo kakhulu esetshenziswa njengesixazululo. Leyo inqubo ye-Maze.
Iyini le nqubo ye-Maze?
Kalula nje, kufana ne-maze. Kungenzeka ukuthi wawudlala ngama-maze useyingane, lapho ungena khona ngomnyango owodwa bese kudingeka uthathe indlela eyodwa kuphela efanele ukuze uphume. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyafana.
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu kulawulwa izimpawu zikagesi. Ku-atrial fibrillation, izimpawu zikagesi emakamelweni amabili aphezulu enhliziyo, okuthiwa i-atria, ziyashintshashintsha bese ziqala ukuthumela izimpawu ezingalungile. Inhliziyo bese iqala ukushaya ngokungaqondile.
Ku-Maze Procedure, udokotela ohlinzayo udala izicubu zesibazi ngendlela ethambile kakhulu, ehleliwe e-atria yenhliziyo. Lezi zicubu zesibazi zisebenza njengesivimbelo, zivimba izimpawu zikagesi ezingalungile ukuthi zingahambi enhliziyweni. Kodwa-ke, zishiya indlela yezibonakaliso ezifanele kuphela ezidingekayo ukuze inhliziyo ishaye kahle. Njengoba nje kukhona indlela eyodwa efanele kuleyo maze. Lokhu kuvumela inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye ngendlela evamile futhi.
Izindlela ezimbili zisetshenziswa ukudala lesi sikhumba:
- Ukuqothula: Ukungasebenzi kwezicubu ngokusebenzisa ukubanda okukhulu (ukuqandisa).
- Ukususwa kwe-Radiofrequency: Ukushisa izicubu kusetshenziswa ukushisa okuphezulu (amagagasi omsakazo).
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa njengokuhlinzwa okuhlukile, noma kungenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo.
Kungani kwenziwa le nqubo ye-Maze?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akukhuthazwa wonke umuntu. Kunezimo eziningana lapho udokotela wakho angasikisela khona lokhu kwelashwa:
- Uma imithi enikezwe i-atrial fibrillation ingasebenzi kuwe noma unemiphumela emibi ekuvimbela ukuthi uyithathe.
- Uma lesi simo sibangele ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi emzimbeni wakho futhi kube nezimo ezibucayi ezifana nesifo sohlangothi .
- Uma wenza okunye ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo (isib. i-bypass, ukushintshwa kwe-valve) futhi une-atrial fibrillation.
- Uma ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini okufana nokuthi `(Catheter Ablation)` kungazange kuphumelele.
I-Atrial Fibrillation ayiyona into elula. Yandisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi cishe izikhathi ezinhlanu. Ingabangela nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kwalokhu.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, uzohlolwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba kuqale.
| Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa | |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa |
|
| Imiyalelo | Kuzonikezwa iseluleko ngokuthi yini okufanele uyidle futhi uyiphuze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nokuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele uyithathe/uyeke ukuyithatha. |
| Ukuqokwa kukadokotela | Uzothola ithuba lokuhlangana nokuxoxa nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo, udokotela wenhliziyo, kanye nodokotela obulala izinzwa. |
Izindlela ezimbili zokuhlinzwa
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
1. Ukuhlinzwa Okuvulekile (Indlela Yokuhlinzwa Kwe-Sternotomy): Kule ndlela, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusikwa okungamasentimitha angu-6-8 phakathi kwethambo lesifuba.
2. Ukuhlinzwa Okungenasidingo (Indlela ye-Thoracoscopic): Kule ndlela, esikhundleni sokusikwa okukhulu esifubeni, kwenziwa imicu embalwa emincane phakathi kwezimbambo nekhamera bese kufakwa amathuluzi abucayi. Isikhathi sokululama sifushane kule ndlela.
Ukususwa kwe-Atrial Appendage kwesobunxele
Enye ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalolu hlinzeko ukuvalwa noma ukususwa kwengxenye encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-Left Atrial Appendage . Lesi yisikhwama esincane, esimise okwendlebe esinamathiselwe ku-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo.
Ama-90% amahlule egazi abangela ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi ezigulini ezine-atrial fibrillation akhiwa kulesi sikhwama esincane.Kutholakale ukuthi. Ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ayishayi kahle, igazi liyaqoqana kule ndawo bese ligoba. Uma leli qhubu legazi liphuma futhi liye ebuchosheni, kuvela isifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi senqubo ye-Maze, le ndawo ivalwa ngezitishi, ama-staple, noma idivayisi ekhethekile. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo sohlangothi.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) ukuze uhlolwe usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, bese udluliselwa egunjini elivamile. Uma uhlinzwe kancane (thoracoscopic), uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-4. Uma uhlinzwe ngokuvulekile, uzobe usesibhedlela cishe isonto.
Kuzodingeka uphuze izinhlobo eziningana zemithi izinyanga eziningana ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya.
- Ama-blood thinner (Ama-Anticoagulant): Kuzodingeka uthathe imithi efana ne-`Warfarin` noma i-`Apixaban` okungenani izinyanga ezi-3 ukuze uvimbele ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Ngemva kwalokho, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi udinga yini ukuqhubeka nokuwasebenzisa.
- Imithi yokulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo: Ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okungenzeka ezigabeni zokuqala zokululama kwenhliziyo.
- Ama-diuretics: Nciphisa ukunqwabelana koketshezi okungadingekile emzimbeni.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi/Izinkinga |
|---|---|
|
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa futhi kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Buyela emisebenzini yakho evamile njengenjwayelo.Kungathatha phakathi kwamasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha . Uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe ngendlela engangenisi kakhulu, isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela ngesheduli ehleliwe.
- Ngemva kwesonto ngiphumile esibhedlela.
- Ngemva kwenyanga ephumile esibhedlela (udokotela wenhliziyo).
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG ezinyangeni ezi-3, ezi-6, kanye nezi-12.
- Isivivinyo se-'Holter Monitor' (idivayisi ehlola izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo amahora angama-24) ezinyangeni eziyi-6 neziyi-12.
Kubalulekile empilweni yakho ukuba khona kuzo zonke lezi zivivinyo kanye nama-aphoyintimenti.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Inqubo ye-Maze iyindlela yokuhlinzwa ephumelela kakhulu ye-atrial fibrillation engalawulwa ngemithi.
- Lokhu kudala iphethini yezicubu zesilonda ukuvimba izimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo ezingasebenzi kahle, okubuyisela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile.
- Kunezindlela ezimbili, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kanye nokuhlinzwa okuncane, futhi udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Ukuvala i-`Left Atrial Appendage` okwenziwe phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi enqunywe udokotela (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) kanye nokubona udokotela ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
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