Iyini i-Hemangioblastoma? Ake sixoxe ngayo!

Wake wezwa igama elithi `Hemangioblastoma`? Kungase kuzwakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa uhlobo lwesimila esincane esingakhula emzimbeni wethu, ikakhulukazi ebuchosheni, emgogodleni, noma ngaphakathi kweso. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Ingabe lo mdlavuza?

Abantu abaningi bavele besabe lapho bezwa igama elithi 'isimila', becabanga ukuthi, "O, angazi ukuthi lokhu kungumdlavuza." Ngiyajabula ukukutshela, le 'Hemangioblastoma' ayiwona umdlavuza. Ngokwezokwelapha, lezi ziyizimila ezingenabungozi noma "ezingenabungozi". Lokho kusho ukuthi azisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba njengomdlavuza.

Nokho, yize lezi zingewona umdlavuza, zingadala izinkinga ezincane. Esinye ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izimila ezingaphezu kweyodwa zingaba khona emzimbeni. Esinye isizathu ukuthi njengoba lesi simila sikhula kancane kancane, siqala ukucindezela izicubu ezibalulekile kanye nemizwa esizungezile. Yilapho zonke izinhlobo zezimpawu ziqala khona ukuvela. Kufana nokuba nento enkulu ekamelweni elincane futhi akukho ndawo eyanele yokuyigcina yonke.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lokhu?

Manje ungase uzibuze, "Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lokhu?" Empeleni, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'iHemangioblastoma' singakhula kunoma ubani, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sobudala. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kodokotela, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abasebasha .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesinye isimo esikhethekile. Leso yisifo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease'. Lesi yisimo esingavamile, esizuzwa njengefa. Abantu abanesifo i-'(VHL)' banamathuba amaningi okuthola izimila ze-'Hemangioblastoma' kunabanye. Cabanga nje, ngokwezibalo, cishe abantu abangama-60% abanesifo i-'(VHL)' bangahlakulela lezi zimila ngaphakathi kweso. Futhi, cishe abangama-80% kuthiwa banethuba lokuthola lezi zimila ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukuxhumana okukhulu phakathi kwesifo i-'(VHL)' kanye ne-'Hemangioblastoma'.

I-hemangioblastoma ithinta kanjani umzimba?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi lesi simila sithinta kanjani imizimba yethu. Umphumela waso unqunywa kakhulu indawo yesimila kanye nobukhulu baso.

Ikakhulukazi, uma lesi simila sikhula ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni, singavimba ukugeleza kwe-'Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)', okubalulekile ebuchosheni bethu nasemgogodleni. Lokhu '(CSF)', kafushane, kuwuketshezi olucacile, olufana namanzi oluzungeze ubuchopho bethu nomgogodla, olubanikeza ukucasha nokondla. Uma lokhu kugeleza kwe-'(CSF)' kuvinjelwa yisifo, ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho inganda, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu bekhanda. Futhi, kuye ngokuthi isimila sikuphi, imizwa endaweni ingacindezelwa, okubangela ukuthi imizwa isebenze.

Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

Empeleni, i-'Hemangioblastoma' akuyona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila. Uma sithatha inani eliphelele lezimila ezikhula ebuchosheni, i-'Hemangioblastoma' ihlanganisa u-0.5% wazo, okuyiphesenti eliphansi kakhulu, cishe elilodwa kwamakhulu amabili. Uma sithatha izinhlobo zezimila ezikhula emgogodleni, cishe liyi-2%. Uma sibheka izibalo ezweni elifana neMelika, kuthiwa cishe abantu abadala abangu-24 kwabayi-100,000 banohlobo oluthile lwesimila ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Ngakho-ke i-'Hemangioblastoma' iyiphesenti elincane kakhulu lazo. Ngakho-ke, lesi akusona isifo esithinta wonke umuntu.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu zalesi simila esithi 'Hemangioblastoma' zingase zihluke kancane kuye ngokuthi sivelaphi. Ake sibone ukuthi lokho kusebenza kanjani.

Uma une-hemangioblastoma yomgogodla:

Uma lesi simila sikhula emgogodleni wakho, intambo yemizwa engaphakathi komgogodla wakho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukungakwazi ukuzibamba indle.
• Ubunzima bokuchama (ukugcinwa komchamo) noma ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo).
• Umuzwa wokuba ndikindiki noma ukuqaqamba ezithweni noma ezingxenyeni zomzimba.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha , ngezinye izikhathi okwenza kube nzima ukuhamba.

Uma une-Hemangioblastoma ebuchosheni:

Uma kuvela isimila esinjengalesi ngaphakathi ebuchosheni, sibhekwa njengesimila sobuchopho. Khona-ke ungase ubone izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Izinkinga zokulinganisela , njengomuntu odakiwe, zingase zibe khona.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvame ukwenzeka, ngezinye izikhathi bube bubi kakhulu ekuseni.
• Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza , ikakhulukazi ekuseni.

Uma une-hemangioblastoma ku-retina:

Uma kuvela isimila ku-retina, ungqimba lwezicubu ezingemuva kweso oluqopha izithombe esizibonayo, kubhekwa njengesimila samehlo. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingenzeka:

• Ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono kancane kancane noma ngokuphelele .
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo nokuvuvukala .

Yiziphi izizathu?

Ezimweni eziningi, kunzima ukuthola imbangela ecacile neqondile yokukhula kwe-'Hemangioblastoma'. Okusho ukuthi, kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile (esingavamile). Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kutholakale ukuthi cishe isiguli esisodwa kwabane sinesifo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)' esibangela lesi simila. Okusho ukuthi, abantu abane-'(VHL)' basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simila.

Ukubona kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu sezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, uma ubona udokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Uzophinde akubuze ngezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifanayo (umlando womndeni). Ngemuva kwalokho, kungase kwenziwe izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokunquma indawo nobukhulu besimila.

• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): Lokhu kusebenzisa uchungechunge lwe-X-ray kanye nekhompyutha ekhethekile ukuthatha izithombe zezicubu ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni.
• I-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kusebenzisa amasimu anamandla kazibuthe kanye namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane yezitho zomzimba kanye nezicubu ezithambile emzimbeni. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni izimo ezifana ne-hemangioblastoma.
• I-Angiography: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka udayi okhethekile emthanjeni wegazi ukuze kwenziwe izimila ezifana ne-hemangioblastoma emithanjeni yegazi zibonakale kakhulu ku-X-ray noma ku-MRI/CT scan. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimila zikhula emithanjeni yegazi (izimila zemithambo yegazi), lokhu kuhlolwa kunganikeza nombono omuhle ngokutholakala kwegazi kwazo.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-'Hemangioblastoma.' Indlela yokwelapha inqunywa yizici eziningi, njengobukhulu besimila, indawo yaso, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

• Ukuhlinzwa kabusha: Lena yindlela evame ukunconywa odokotela. Kulokhu, udokotela noma umhlengikazi wenza i-incision esikhumbeni futhi asebenzise amathuluzi okuhlinza ukususa isimila. Umgomo oyinhloko lapha ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi kunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo, ikakhulukazi imizwa.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukuhlinzwa kungakwazi ukususa ngokuphelele isimila, noma uma isimila sesibuyile, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imisebe yemisebe enamandla eqondiswe ngqo ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana esimila noma ukunciphisa isimila. Kunezindlela ezikhethekile zalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-stereotactic radiosurgery. Isikhathi esingakanani kanye nokuthi ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunikezwa kuncike ezintweni ezifana nendawo yesimila kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha odlule.
• Ukuqaphela: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimila sincane kakhulu, kungekho zimpawu, noma uma indawo yesimila ikwenza kube yingozi kakhulu ukusisusa ngokuhlinzwa, odokotela bangase batuse ukuthi ungenzi lutho okwamanje, kodwa hlala usiqaphile ngokuskena njalo kwe-MRI kanye nokuvakasha okulandelayo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi isimila siyakhula noma unezimpawu ezintsha. Uma unezimila eziningi futhi zikhula kancane kancane, ungase uthande ukucabangela le ndlela.
• Ukwelashwa ngemithi:Ucwaningo seluyaqhubeka ngemithi engavimba ukukhula kwalezi zimila noma izinciphise. Ikakhulukazi kulabo abanesifo '(VHL), umuthi obizwa ngokuthi '(Belzutifan)' okwamanje ubonisa imiphumela ephumelelayo yezimila ezihlobene '(VHL), okuhlanganisa 'iHemangioblastoma'. Kodwa-ke, lezi ziseyindlela yokwelapha entsha, azifanele wonke umuntu, futhi kufanele zithathwe kuphela ngeseluleko sikadokotela.

Ingabe ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Lo mbuzo ubalulekile kubantu abaningi. Isiguli ngasinye esine-'Hemangioblastoma' sihlukile, ngakho-ke kunzima ukunikeza impendulo eyodwa kuwo wonke umuntu.

Cabanga nje, uma umuntu enesimila esisodwa kuphela se-'Hemangioblastoma', futhi singasuswa ngokuphelele nangokuphephile ngokuhlinzwa, amathuba okuthi siphinde sikhule endaweni efanayo aphansi kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunethuba elikhulu lokululama.

Kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nezimila ezingaphezu kwesisodwa (ikakhulukazi labo abane-VHL). Noma, isimila singase sibe sebuchosheni noma endaweni ebucayi okunzima ukuyisusa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukukhuluma ngokululama okuphelele kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngalokho ongakulindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinto eziyingozi?

Yebo, njengoba sesishilo izikhathi eziningi ngaphambili, uma unesifo sofuzo i-'Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)`, ingozi yakho yokuthola i-`Hemangioblastoma` iphakeme kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela ethola i-`Hemangioblastoma`, ikakhulukazi uma usemncane noma unezimila eziningi, bangase bahlole nesifo i-`(VHL)`.

Iyini iphrojekthi yokululama?

Isibikezelo se-hemangioblastoma ngokuvamile sihle, ikakhulukazi uma ithimba lezokwelapha likwazi ukususa ngokuphelele isimila. Futhi, uma isimila singabanga izimpawu zesikhathi eside, njengokulimala kwemizwa okungapheli, amathuba okululama aphezulu.

Ngisho nangemva kokuba isimila sesisusiwe, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe njalo . Lokhu kuhlolwa kungafaka izinto ezifana ne-MRI scan. Ukwenza lokhu kuzosiza ekutholeni nasekuphatheni noma yikuphi ukuphindaphinda kwesifo (ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-VHL) kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo nokuya emitholampilo ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu enhlalakahleni yakho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma une-hemangioblastoma, noma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nayo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Yini imbangela engaba khona yezimpawu zami?"
• "Amathuba angakanani okuba ngibe nesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo (isibonelo, isifo se-VHL) esangenza ngaba ne-'Hemangioblastoma'?"
• "Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-`Hemangioblastoma` yami? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa ngakunye?"
• "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayilindela ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa?"
• "Iyini amathuba okuthi i-`Hemangioblastoma` iphinde ivele ngemva kokususwa kwesimila?"
• "Kufanele ngize kangaki ukuzohlolwa?"

Kuzokusiza kakhulu ukuqonda kahle isimo sakho ngokubuza le mibuzo. Ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho konke okusengqondweni yakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuncane kangakanani. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho uzokwazi ukuthola khona ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Khumbula njengesifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sifingqe lokho esikhulume ngakho.

I-Hemangioblastoma iyisimila esingesona umdlavuza (esingesihle) esakheka emithanjeni yegazi. Sivame ukutholakala ebuchosheni bakho, emgogodleni, noma e-retina .

Njengoba lesi simila sikhula, singacindezela izicubu ezizungezile futhi sibangele izimpawu zemizwa.

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bazosusa isimila ngokuhlinzwa. Uma isimila sisusiwe ngokuphelele, amathuba okuthi sibuye aphansi . Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezimo zofuzo ezifana ne-'Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)' basengozini enkulu yokuthola lezi zimila, mhlawumbe ngisho nezimila eziningi, futhi banamathuba amaningi okuphinde babuye.

Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu ezishiwo kulesi sihloko, ikakhulukazi uma ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi kakhulu, kungcono ukubona udokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole iseluleko. Khumbula, lapho ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele. Ungakhathazeki, ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nesiqondiso, lezi zimo zingaphathwa futhi ziphile ngempumelelo.

i- hemangioblastoma, izimila zobuchopho, izimila zomgogodla, izimila zamehlo, i-Von Hippel-Lindau, izimila ezingenabungozi, izimila zemithambo yegazi