Ingabe kukhona isimila esinjengalesi ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho? (I-Acoustic Neuroma) Ake sifunde ngaso!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokuzwa endlebeni eyodwa? Noma uzwa nje ukukhala okuqhubekayo endlebeni yakho, ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesiyezi, noma ulahlekelwa ibhalansi yakho? Nakuba lezi yizinto ngezinye izikhathi esingazinaki kakhulu, kungase kube nesizathu esincane ngemuva kwalokhu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimila esingaba nesizathu esinjalo, kodwa esingesona umdlavuza, futhi leso yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Acoustic Neuroma' .

Kuyini i-Acoustic Neuroma?

Kalula nje, i-acoustic neuroma iyisimila esingenabungozi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi asisabalali siye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Sibizwa nangokuthi i-vestibular schwannoma . Lesi simila sikhula emthanjeni osuka endlebeni yakho yangaphakathi uye ebuchosheni bakho. Ukuze sibe nembile, sikhula emthanjeni we-cranial wesi-8 (i-vestibulocochlear nerve) ekhanda lethu. Le nzwa ikusiza kakhulu ukuzwa (ukuzwa) nokugcina ibhalansi yakho (ibhalansi).

Cabanga ngale nzwa njengentambo encane ethwala imiyalezo esuka endlebeni iye ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuvela isimila esincane kule ntambo, singaphazamisa ukudluliselwa kwaleyo miyalezo. Yileyo ndlela ukuzwa nokulinganisela okuthinteka ngayo.

Nakuba lezi zimila zingasabalali emzimbeni wonke njengomdlavuza , njengoba zikhula, zingathinta ukuzwa, zibangele ukukhala okuqhubekayo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus), zilahlekelwe yibhalansi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibangele ukungazweli noma ubuthakathaka kolunye uhlangothi lobuso. Ukwelashwa kwalokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali akudingi kakhulu.

Ingabe lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-acoustic neuroma sivamile?

Cha, empeleni akuvamile kangako. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100,000 uba nalesi sifo minyaka yonke. Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-65 no-74 banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo kunabantu abasebasha nezingane ezincane.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-acoustic neuroma?

Izimpawu zalokhu aziveli ngokuzumayo. Esikhathini esiningi, zibonakala kancane kancane.

Izimpawu ezingase zibonakale ezigabeni zokuqala:

• Ukulahlekelwa kancane kancane kokuzwa endlebeni eyodwa: Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu ekuqaleni. Ungase ungakwazi ukuzwa kahle endlebeni eyodwa uma ukhuluma ocingweni, noma ungase uzizwe sengathi umsindo uvaliwe ohlangothini olulodwa uma othile ekhuluma.
• I-Tinnitus: Lokhu ukuzwa njalo kwemisindo ehlukahlukene ezindlebeni (isb., umsindo wokukhala, ukubhuza, noma ukuvungazela). Lokhu kungaba yinkinga enkulu kwabanye abantu.
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela: Ungase uzizwe sengathi uzowa ngenkathi uhamba, futhi kungaba nzima ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa.
• I-Vertigo: Umuzwa wokuzungeza noma wokujikeleza nxazonke zakho. Lokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu.

Njengoba isimila sikhula, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zivele:

• Ukukhubazeka kobuso noma ukungazweli: Kungase kube nomuzwa wokuthuthumela ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso, noma umuzwa wobuthakathaka bemisipha kulolo hlangothi.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda: Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvame ukwenzeka, ngezinye izikhathi obukhulu.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukushintsha kokunambitha: Ukudla kungase kunambitheke ngendlela ehlukile kunejwayelekile.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia).
• Izinkinga zokubona: Ukubona okufiphele noma ukubona okukabili.

Khumbula, ukuba nalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-acoustic neuroma. Kodwa-ke, uma uqhubeka nokuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Kungani kwenzeka le neuroma ye-acoustic?

Abacwaningi abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela la mathumba. Kodwa okwaziwayo ukuthi abangelwa ukukhula okungavamile kohlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-Schwann . Amaseli e-Schwann angamaseli asebenza njengesivikelo esizungeze imizwa ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa, ikakhulukazi lawo ahilelekile ekuzweni nasekulinganiseni.

Enye into ukuthi abantu abanesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2' (NF2) banamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ama-neuromas e-acoustic acoustic anteriors ezinzwa zokuzwa ezinhlangothini zombili zobuchopho.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Bese bezokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangenza lezi zivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini isimila, sikhulu kangakanani, nokuthi sitholakala kuphi.
• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola i-acoustic neuroma.
• Ukuskena kwe-CT (Computed Tomography): Lokhu kuyasetshenziswa futhi ngezinye izikhathi.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa: Kuhlolwa ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuze kubonakale ukuthi uzwa kahle kangakanani. Olunye lolo vivinyo yi -Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) .
• Ukuhlolwa kwebhalansi: Kukhona nokuhlolwa kokuhlola ibhalansi yakho.
• I-Electronystagmography (ENG): Lokhu kuhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kokunyakaza kwamehlo kanye nokulinganisela.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-acoustic neuroma?

Indlela lokhu okuphathwa ngayo incike ezintweni eziningana. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Usayizi wesimila nendawo esikuyo.
• Ukuthi lesi simila sithinte kangakanani ukuzwa kwakho kanye nokulinganisela kwakho.
• Ubudala bakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Kunezinketho eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

1.Ukuqaphela:

• Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimila sisincane kakhulu, uma sikhula kancane kakhulu, futhi uma ungenazo izimpawu ezinkulu, udokotela wakho angase athi ungenzi lutho okwamanje futhi uqaphe isimila ngokuskena okuvamile kwe-MRI . Abantu abaningi bahlala iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

2. Ukuhlinzwa Kwemisebe Ye-Stereotactic:

• Lokhu kufana nokwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Kugxila imisebe enamandla yemisebe esigaxeni. Kungavimba isimila ukuthi singakhuli futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusinciphise. Akudali umonakalo omkhulu ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo. Ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha yosuku olulodwa.

3. Ukuhlinzwa Okuncane:

• Lena yindlela kuphela yokususa ngokuphelele isimila. Odokotela abahlinza izinzwa benza lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokucophelela besebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile. Indlela yokuhlinzwa ingahluka kuye ngendawo kanye nobukhulu besimila.

• Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa okuncane:
• Indlela ye-Middle Fossa: Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma isimila sitholakala emgudwini wendlebe futhi sincane uma siqhathaniswa. Isimila sisuswa ngokusikwa okuncane ohlangothini lwekhanda.
• Indlela yokubuyela emuva: Kulokhu, kwenziwa ukusika ngemuva kwendlebe, bese isimila sisuswa ngengxenye yogebhezi singene endlebeni engaphakathi.
• Indlela ye -Translabyrinthine : Le ndlela inganconywa uma ulahlekelwe ukuzwa ngokuphelele endlebeni eyodwa. Isimila sisuswa ngokwenza i-incision ngemuva kwendlebe bese kususwa ithambo lendlebe yangaphakathi. Ngemva kwale nqubo, ngeke uphinde uzwe kuleyo ndlebe.

4. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali:

• Lokhu akuvamile ukusetshenziswa. Umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-bevacizumab ungasiza ngezinye izikhathi ukunciphisa izimila, ikakhulukazi ukugcina ukuzwa ezinganeni ezine-NF2. Uphinde usetshenziswe ekwelapheni i-radiation necrosis, inkinga engenzeka ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe.

5. Ukwelashwa Kokuvuselelwa Kwe-Vestibular:

• Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, izingxenye zemizwa ezihilelekile ekulinganiseni kufanele zisuswe. Lokhu kungathinta ibhalansi yomzimba. Ukwelashwa kokuvuselelwa kwe-Vestibular kuwuchungechunge lwezivivinyo nokuqeqeshwa okuqeqesha umzimba kabusha ukuze kulungiswe umsebenzi wezinzwa olahlekile. Lokhu kwenziwa ngudokotela we-physiotherapist.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuncane?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezinkinga ezithile ezingaba khona ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuchazela lokhu kusenesikhathi. Ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha kanye nezinketho zokuphatha cishe zonke lezi.

• Ukulahlekelwa noma ukuncipha kokuzwa endlebeni eyodwa.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso (kungaba okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo).
• I-Tinnitus (ukukhala ezindlebeni).
• Ukuvuza koketshezi lomgogodla (CSF).
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Isiyezi.
• Amehlo angaboni kabili noma omile.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Izifo.
• I-Meningitis ( isimo esifana nomkhuhlane ebuchosheni - esingavamile kakhulu).
• Ukukhula kabusha kwesimila (okungavamile).

Uma ngine-acoustic neuroma, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, njengesimo sakho, uhlobo lokwelashwa owake waluthola, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezenzekile. Udokotela wakho wezinzwa uzochaza izinketho zokwelashwa kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona kuwe.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma unenkinga yokuzwa, kunemishini engasiza. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa izinto ezifana 'ne-bone conduction hearing implants' noma 'i-cross hearing aids' (i-CROS - i-contralateral routing of signals hearing aids) .

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo se-acoustic neuroma, ungase uzizwe wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane, ikakhulukazi uma udokotela wakho enquma ukukubheka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ungase ucabange izinto ezinjengokuthi, "Ingabe lesi simila sizokhula? Ingabe ukuzwa kwami ​​​​kuzoba kubi?" Ngaleso sikhathi, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezibonisa ukuthi lesi simila sithinta imizwa.

Uma unezimpawu, futhi udokotela wakho encoma ukuhlinzwa, ibhalansi yakho ingathinteka ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa kokuvuselelwa kwe-vestibular, okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubuyele emisebenzini evamile.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma une-acoustic neuroma, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa, noma ingabe isimila sizoqashwa?
• Angakanani amathuba okuba indlebe yami ikhiqize izinga eliwusizo lokuzwa?
• Lingakanani ithuba lokuthi lesi simila sizophinde sivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe?
• Ingabe ngisengozini enkulu yokuthola ezinye izinhlobo zezimila?
• Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokuhlinzwa kwe-acoustic neuroma?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukwelashwa kokuvuselelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Acoustic neuroma iyisimila esikhula kancane, esingesona umdlavuza esingathinta ukuzwa kwakho kanye nokulinganisela kwakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela ezinhle zokwelapha lesi sifo.

Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Uma kunjalo, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuhlinzwa, ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngemva kwako, ukuthi kuzothinta yini ukuzwa kwakho, kanye neminye imiphumela emibi. Lokhu kuvamile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likulungele ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho futhi linciphise ukwesaba kwakho. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nabo ngakho konke okusengqondweni yakho.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unalezi zimpawu. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngokushesha, ukwelashwa kungaba yimpumelelo enkulu.

I- Acoustic neuroma, isimila sendlebe, i-vestibular schwannoma, inzwa yokuzwa, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, i-tinnitus, i-vertigo