Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu? Ake sifunde nge-Hemolytic Anemia ngamagama alula!

Uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma ukhathele kakhulu? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi unobunzima bokuphefumula kancane, noma isifuba sakho sishaya ngokushesha? Ingabe ukhona owake wakutshela ukuthi umbala wesikhumba sakho kanye nomhlophe wamehlo akho sekuphenduke ophuzi kancane? Lezi zinto zingaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hemolytic Anemia, esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu namuhla ngendlela eqondile nelula. Ngoba ukuqaphela lesi simo kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nomndeni wakho.

Kuyini i-Hemolytic Anemia? Kalula nje...

Igazi lethu liqukethe uhlobo lwamaseli abizwa ngokuthi amaseli abomvu egazi. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi `(Amangqamuzana Egazi Abomvu)`. Lawa maseli abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba wethu. Cabanga nje, afana namaloli amancane asabalalisa umoya-mpilo kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba wethu. Ngokuvamile, iseli elibomvu legazi emzimbeni womuntu ophilile liphila cishe izinsuku ezingu-120. Ngemva kwalokho, ayafa, bese kwakheka amaseli amasha esikhundleni sawo. Lena inqubo evamile.

Kodwa-ke, esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hemolytic Anemia, lawa maseli abomvu egazi ayaphuka noma abhujiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi sawo esifanele, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-120. Kwenzekani-ke? Umnkantsha wethu wamathambo (indawo engaphakathi kwamathambo eyenza lawa maseli) awukwazi ukwenza amaseli abomvu egazi amasha ukuze alungise ukushoda, okusho ukuthi amaseli abhujiswa ngokushesha kunalokho enziwa. Yilapho inani lamaseli abomvu egazi emzimbeni lehla khona, futhi i-anemia, okungukuthi, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, kwenzeka. I-hemolytic anemia uhlobo lwe-anemia oluvela ngenxa yokuwohloka okusheshayo kwamaseli abomvu egazi.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia?

Yebo, empeleni kunezimbangela eziningana ze-anemia, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi "inani eliphansi legazi."

• Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi ngenxa yokulimala noma ukugula, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angancipha.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, i-anemia ingabangelwa ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi noma ukwakheka okungafanele, njengokuntuleka kwensimbi.

I-anemia ye-hemolytic ayivamile kangako kune-anemia ebangelwa yilezi ezinye izimbangela, kodwa futhi yisimo okufanele sikhathazeke ngaso.

Kwenzekani uma i-hemolytic anemia ingelashwa?

Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase bacabange, "O, kwenzekani uma kunegazi elincane emzimbeni?" Kodwa-ke, uma i-hemolytic anemia iba yimbi kakhulu futhi ingelashwa kahle, ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu, size siholele ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo, njenge-arrhythmia, i-cardiomyopathy, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Yingakho kungewona umqondo omuhle ukuthatha lokhu kalula.

Ubani ongahlakulela lesi simo?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-hemolytic anemia. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwalezi zinhlobo lungathinta noma ubani, kunoma yimuphi ubudala, wanoma yiluphi uhlanga, futhi kungakhathaliseki ubulili.Ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi, "Ngeke kwenzeke kimi." Kuhle ngathi sonke ukuqaphela lokhu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Hemolytic Anemia kanye ne-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)?

Ake sichaze lokhu kancane. I-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) yisimo lapho isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela (uhlelo olusivikela ezifweni) sibona khona ngephutha amangqamuzana ethu egazi abomvu "njengesitha". Bese sikhiqiza amasosha omzimba okubhubhisa lawo maseli. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aqhekeke futhi abangele i-anemia.

Uma kukhulunywa nge-hemolytic anemia ejwayelekile, ingabangelwa izici ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo, izifo, kanye nemithi ethile. I-'AIHA' uhlobo oluthile lwe-hemolytic anemia.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Hemolytic Anemia?

Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko ezibangela lesi simo. Ake sizibheke ngasinye ngasinye.

1. Izimo Ezizuzwe Njengefa

Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba yizakhi zofuzo, okusho ukuthi kuyinto ephuma esizukulwaneni ngesizukulwane.

• I-Sickle Cell Anemia: Lesi yisimo lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngokuvamile engeyindilinga, kodwa esikhundleni salokho athatha isimo esingavamile esifana nesikela. Lawa maseli angavamile abhajwa emithanjeni yegazi emincane ebhodweni futhi aqhekeke kalula.
• I-Thalassemia: Lokhu futhi kuyisifo segazi esizuzwa njengefa. Kulesi simo, umzimba uphinde ukhiqize amangqamuzana abomvu egazi angajwayelekile. Aphinde abhujiswe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungase wazi ukuthi kuneziguli ze-thalassemia ezweni lakithi.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD: Lesi yisimo sofuzo. I-G6PD iyi-enzyme evikela amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Uma le-enzyme iphansi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphuka kalula uma evezwa ezifweni ezithile noma emithini.

2. Ukutheleleka

Ezinye izifo, njengokutheleleka, zingabangela ne-hemolytic anemia.

• Umalaleveva: Kulesi sifo esithwalwa omiyane, amagciwane kamalaleveva angena egazini lethu. Uma engelashwa kahle, umalaleveva ungabangela i-hemolytic anemia.
• Umkhuhlane Onamabala Ezintaba Eziyi-Rocky: Lokhu ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okudluliselwa ngamakhizane (i-Rickettsia rickettsii).
• Isifo se-Haemophilus influenzae: Lesi isifo esibangelwa yibhaktheriya i-H. influenzae.
• I-HIV (I-Human Immunodeficiency Virus): Leli gciwane libangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-AIDS (i-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Abantu abanegciwane le-HIV nabo basengozini yokuthola i-hemolytic anemia.

3. Eminye Imithi

I-hemolytic anemia ingenzeka futhi njengomphumela ongemuhle wemithi ethile. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu othatha le mithi ozoba nalesi simo. Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezempilo futhi anqume ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini.

Ezinye izibonelo:

• `I-Penicillin` (i-antibiotic)
• `I-Quinine` (umuthi we-malaria)
• I-Methyldopa (umuthi womfutho wegazi ophakeme)
• Ama-Sulfonamides (alwa namagciwane)

4. Ezinye izizathu

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuqhekeka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, njengalapho kufakwa igazi elivela kuhlobo lwegazi olungahambisani.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Hemolytic Anemia?

Lezi zimpawu zingaba mnene kakhulu kwabanye abantu, futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu kwabanye. Zingavela ngokuzumayo noma zikhule kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingabonakala yilezi:

• I-jaundice: Lokhu kuwukuphuzi kwesikhumba, i-sclera, kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila (njengangaphakathi komlomo). Lokhu kwenzeka uma kukhona ukwanda kwegazi lento ebizwa ngokuthi i-bilirubin, ekhiqizwa lapho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ewohloka.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya: Lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke encipha, ungase uzizwe uphelelwa umoya futhi uzizwe sengathi uphefumula kanzima.
• Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ungakwazi ukwenza lutho. Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• I-Tachycardia: Umuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu, ayinaso isikhathi sokugcwalisa igazi kahle, futhi ayikwazi ukunikeza umzimba umoya-mpilo owudingayo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu kunokulindelekile.
• I-Hematuria: Igazi emchameni . Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abane-sickle cell anemia.
• Ukwanda Kwesinqe Noma Isibindi: Isinqe nesibindi sinomthwalo wokuhlunga nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana abomvu egazi aphukile namadala emizimbeni yethu. Uma amangqamuzana abomvu ephukile kakhulu, lezi zitho zingavuvukala futhi zikhule ngoba kufanele zisebenze kanzima.

Ingabe i-anemia ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi i-anemia ingaba yisimo esiphuthumayo. Sikubiza ngokuthi i-acute anemia. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi ngokuzumayo, noma lapho amaseli akho abomvu eqala ukuwohloka ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kwenzelwa abantu abafana nalaba:

• Ungase uzizwe ubuthakathaka kakhulu .
• Inhliziyo ingase izwakale sengathi ishaya kakhulu futhi ngokushesha .
• Kungaba nzima ukuphefumula .

Uma lezi zimpawu zifika ngokuzumayo, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo. Uma kunjalo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-hemolytic anemia?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, uma ubona udokotela, uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha opheleleBuza ngakho. Ikakhulukazi, buza ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini oke waba ne-anemia.
• Bazokubuza ukuthi ngabe uke waba nanoma yiziphi izifo muva nje noma ukuthi uthatha yiphi imithi , njengoba lokhu kungabangela i-hemolytic anemia.
• Kuzohlolwa ngokomzimba , okuzobheka izimpawu ze-anemia, i-jaundice, kanye nokuvuvukala kwe-spleen noma isibindi.

Yiziphi izivivinyo zokuxilonga?

Odokotela bavame ukwenza izivivinyo eziningana zegazi ukuze bathole i-hemolytic anemia. Bangase futhi bahlole izimpawu zofuzo ukuze babone ukuthi ingabe kuyifa.

Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Kwasekuqaleni:

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuhlola ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibangelwa yini ngempela yi-anemia.

• Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kuhlola inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet egazini lakho, usayizi wamaseli akho abomvu egazi, izinga le-hemoglobin, iphrotheni ethwala umoya-mpilo, kanye ne-hematocrit, elinganisa ukuthi amaseli akho abomvu egazi anasikhala esingakanani egazini lakho.

Ezinye Izivivinyo Eziqondile:

Uma i-CBC iqinisekisa i-anemia, kwenziwa ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi uhlobo luni lwe-anemia, ukuthi ngabe i-hemolytic anemia.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Coombs (Ukuhlolwa kwe-Antiglobulin Okuqondile): Lokhu kuhlola i-autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).
• Inani lama-Reticulocyte: Ama-Reticulocyte angamaseli abomvu egazi angavuthiwe. Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuthi umnkantsha ukhiqiza yini amaseli abomvu egazi anempilo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Haptoglobin: I-Haptoglobin iyiprotheni esuswa kumaseli abomvu egazi aphukile. Amazinga aphansi ale protheni abonisa ukuthi amaseli abomvu egazi ayaqhekeka.
• I-Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH): I-LDH iyi-enzyme etholakala ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Amazinga aphezulu e-LDH abonisa ukuthi amaseli abomvu egazi amaningi ayabhujiswa.
• I-Bilirubin Engahlanganisiwe: I-Bilirubin ikhiqizwa lapho amangqamuzana abomvu ephuka. Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa inani le-bilirubin engahlanganisiwe ekhiqizwa yisibindi. Amazinga aphezulu alokhu ayisibonakaliso sokuthi amangqamuzana amaningi abomvu egazi ayaqhekeka.
• Ukuskena Kwegazi Okungaphandle: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi bese ulibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze ubone ukuthi ukuma nobukhulu bamaseli abomvu akujwayelekile yini.
• I-Hemoglobin Electrophoresis: Lokhu kuhlaziya iphrotheni i-hemoglobin. Kusiza ekuboneni izimo ezifana ne-thalassemia kanye ne-sickle cell.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Hemolytic Anemia?

Izindlela zokwelapha ziyanqunywaKuya ngokuthi yini ebangele lesi sifo nokuthi izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani.

Isibonelo, uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi une-anemia enzima, angase akufake igazi kuqala ukuze kuqiniswe inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazobheka futhi baphathe imbangela eyisisekelo ye-anemia (isib. ukutheleleka, imiphumela emibi yomuthi, isimo sofuzo).

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola i-hemolytic anemia?

Kunezici eziningi ezingabangela i-hemolytic anemia esingenakuzilawula. Isibonelo, zingabangelwa ukulimala noma isimo sofuzo.

Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho ngokushesha okukhulu uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-anemia. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone isimo futhi uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kunciphise ingozi yokuthola izimo ezibucayi.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngine-Hemolytic Anemia?

Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngezinye izikhathi i-hemolytic anemia ingaba uphawu lwesifo esibucayi esingadinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba ukusabela ekuthelelekeni noma emithini. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwelapha ukutheleleka noma ukushintsha imithi kungasiqeda ngokuphelele lesi simo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani? / Ngingayiphatha kanjani impilo yami?

Odokotela bangayilapha i-hemolytic anemia yakho. Ngemva kokuba usululame, lezi zinto zingakusiza ukuthi uhlale uphilile futhi zivimbele lesi simo ukuthi singaphinde sivele:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okucebile ngamavithamini B12, C, kanye ne-B9 (i-folic acid). Ungakhuluma nochwepheshe wezokudla ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngokudla okusiza ukugcina amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi eqinile.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka umzimba wakho udinga.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Kodwa-ke, thintana nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokuzivocavoca ngokuphephile.
• Gwema izifo. Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi uhlale kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Gcina irekhodi lezimpawu zakho. Uma kukhona ushintsho ezimpawini zakho, tshela udokotela wakho.

Ngamafuphi, izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-hemolytic anemia yisimo esenzeka lapho amaseli akho abomvu ebhujiswa. Singabangelwa izici zofuzo, izifo, noma imithi ethile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, udokotela wakho uzothola imbangela eyimbangela bese eyelapha. Ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungenza umehluko phakathi kokuba ngcono noma ukuba kubi kakhulu.

Izimpawu ze-hemolytic anemia ngezinye izikhathi zingabonakala njengesifo esivamile, esingesibi kangako. Kodwa, uyazi kahle umzimba wakho.Uma isifo esivamile sithatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile ukuphulukiswa, noma uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, ezingavamile, akukaze kube sekwephuzile ukukhuluma nodokotela. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungakusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha!

I- Hemolytic anemia, i-anemia, amaseli abomvu egazi, igazi, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, izimbangela