Ingabe isifuba sigcwele igazi? Ake sifunde nge-hemothorax!

Wake washaywa kanzima esifubeni, noma waba nengozi, waze waba nobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu esifubeni, kanye nomuzwa wokwesaba? Uma kunjalo, imbangela ingaba ukuqoqwa kwegazi esifubeni. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibi kangaka, kodwa esingelapheka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hemothorax kwisayensi yezokwelapha.

Kalula nje, iyini i-hemothorax?

Cabanga ngakho, amaphaphu akho angaphakathi kwesifuba sakho, akunjalo? I-Hemothorax ukuqongelela kwegazi esikhaleni se-pleural, isikhala esiphakathi kwamaphaphu akho nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifuba sakho. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Uma singalashwa, leli gazi lizoqhubeka nokuqongelela futhi libeke ingcindezi enkulu ngaphandle kwamaphaphu akho. Lokhu kuzovimbela amaphaphu akho ukuthi agcwale kahle, okusho ukuthi ngeke akwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Uma unezimpawu ze-hemothorax, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngemva kokulimala esifubeni, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ngokushesha.

Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu? Kuyini ukubaluleka kwesikhala se-pleural?

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi i-hemothorax yenzeka kanjani, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi isikhala se-pleural senzani. Kulula kakhulu. Isikhala se-pleural sisiza ukulawula ingcindezi emaphashini nasezindaweni ezizungezile lapho siphefumula. Ngokuvamile siqukethe ungqimba oluncane kakhulu loketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-pleural fluid. Lolu ketshezi lwe-pleural lusiza izicubu ezimboza amaphaphu akho (olubizwa ngokuthi i-pleura) kanye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifuba ukuthi luhambe kahle uma uphefumula. Kufana namafutha amancane enza izingxenye zomshini zihambe kahle.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokulimala esifubeni, ingozi, ukuhlinzwa, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha, igazi lingangena esikhaleni se-pleural bese lixubana noketshezi lwe-pleural. Yilapho-ke kuvela khona i-hemothorax.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

I-Hemothorax empeleni ayivamile njengoba ungase ucabange. Ikakhulukazi uma iqhathaniswa nokulimala esifubeni. Isibonelo, ochwepheshe bathi e-United States kuphela, cishe amacala angu-300,000 e-hemothorax abikwa minyaka yonke. Ngakho-ke, singabona amacala amaningi anjalo ezweni lethu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Hemothorax?

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kufanele ukhathazeke:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-Dyspnea")
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (njengokuphefumula kanzima - `(Hyperventilation)`)
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (lokhu kungaba ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obubukhali)
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-Hypotension)
• Ukuzizwa ungakhululekile
• Ukukhathazeka, okusho ukuzizwa ukwesaba okungadingekile
• Umkhuhlane (ngezinye izikhathi)

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-hemothorax ingaholela ekufeni. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hemothorax?

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalesi simo izingozi ezinkulu, ukulimala, kanye nokuhlinzwa esifubeni. Isibonelo, uma isifuba sishayiswa engozini yemoto, uma siwa sisuka endaweni ephakeme, noma uma into ebukhali inamathele esifubeni, lesi simo singavela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izimbangela eziningana:

• Izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi (izifo lapho igazi lingajiyi kalula)
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• I-mesothelioma ye-Pleural (uhlobo lomdlavuza olwenzeka ku-pleura)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwephaphu (lapho igazi eliya engxenyeni yamaphaphu linqamuka)
• Kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba , ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.
• Ngezinye izikhathi umthambo wegazi uyalimala uma kufakwa i-catheter yemithambo ephakathi emthanjeni omkhulu.
• Izifo zofuzo ezithinta izicubu ezixhumeneyo, njenge- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .
• Isifo sofuba (lokhu kungaba yimbangela ngezinye izikhathi)

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lokhu?

Noma ubani angaba ne-hemothorax, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukulimala esifubeni. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane:

• Abantu abake bahlinzwa esifubeni: Le ngozi ikhona ngemva kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okubandakanya amaphaphu noma isifuba, isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile noma ukufakelwa amaphaphu.
• Abantu abadlala imidlalo noma imisebenzi evame ukubangela ukulimala esifubeni: Abantu abadlala imidlalo efana nebhola, i-hockey, ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, isibhakela, ubuciko bokulwa njenge-karate, kanye ne-wrestling banamathuba amaningi okuthola imivimbo esifubeni. Ngakho-ke, basengozini enkulu.

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

I-Hemothorax ingabangela nezinye izinkinga emzimbeni. Lezi zifaka:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukungakwazi ukuphefumula wedwa (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula)`)
• Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic : Lesi yisimo sokushaqeka esibangelwa ukulahlekelwa igazi elikhulu emzimbeni.
• I-Empyema : Lokhu kuqoqwa kobomvu esikhaleni se-pleural. Lokhu kungenzeka uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka lapho igazi liqoqene khona.
• Ukusha kwezicubu ze-pleural noma izicubu zamaphaphu.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Udokotela kuphela ongahlonza ngokunembile i-hemothorax. Okokuqala, uzokuhlola.Uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uzobe eselalela amaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope (auscultation). Uzobe esekwazi ukubona noma yimiphi imisindo engavamile evela emaphashini athintekile. Uzophinde ahlele ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Yiziphi izivivinyo zokuxilonga?

Udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• I-X-ray yesifuba : Lokhu kungahlola ukunqwabelana kwegazi esikhaleni se-pleural.
• I-CT scan : Lokhu kunganikeza umbono ocacile noningiliziwe wengaphakathi lesifuba. Kungahlola futhi noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka kwegazi noma omunye umonakalo.
• I-Thoracentesis : Empeleni lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlola kanye nokwelashwa. Inaliti encane isetshenziswa ukuthatha isampula yoketshezi oluvela esikhaleni se-pleural. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe yigazi noma okunye.

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu.

I-Hemothorax iphathwa ngokukhipha igazi esikhaleni se-pleural.

Okokuqala, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, uzonikezwa ukwelashwa nge-oxygen. Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi unikezwe umoya womoya ophefumulayo ngomshini.

Okulandelayo, kuye ngokuthi i-hemothorax inzima kangakanani, odokotela bazokwenza enye yalezi zinto:

• I-Thoracentesis: Kufakwa inaliti encane phakathi kwezimbambo ukuze kususwe igazi elithile esikhaleni se-pleural. Lokhu kwenziwa uma inani legazi lincane.
• Ukubekwa kwepayipi lesifuba (i-Thoracostomy): Ipayipi elikhulu (ipayipi lesifuba) lifakwa ngezimbambo liye esikhaleni se-pleural ukuze kukhishwe noma yiliphi igazi eliqongelelekile. Leli payipi kungadingeka lishiywe endaweni yalo izinsuku eziningana.
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwesifuba: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukopha kuqhubeka naphezu kokufakwa kwepayipi ukuze kukhishwe igazi, noma uma imbangela yokopha idinga ukutholakala nokwelashwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision esifubeni, afinyelele emaphashini athintekile, bese enza ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Uma ulahlekelwe igazi eliningi, ungase udinge nokumpontshelwa igazi.

Ingabe yonke i-hemothorax idinga ipayipi lesifuba?

Cha. Akuzona zonke izindlela zokwelapha nge-hemothorax ezidinga ipayipi lesifuba. Uma kukhona igazi elincane (`i-hemothorax encane`), kungenzeka ukuthi kukhishwe elinye igazi ngenaliti encane (`i-Thoracentesis`).

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha?

Yebo, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile ekwelapheni i-hemothorax. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Izinkinga ezihlobene nokubulala izinzwa (uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa).
• Ubuhlungu.
• Ukopha.
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo, njenge-pneumonia.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki, odokotela benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.

Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Isikhathi sakho sokululama sincike ekutheni yini ebangele i-hemothorax yakho nokuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa olutholile. Uma ufakwe ipayipi lesifuba noma uhlinzwe, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho nokuthi ungabuyela nini emisebenzini evamile, emsebenzini, noma esikoleni.

Yini ongayilindela uma une-hemothorax?

I-Hemothorax yisimo esibi kakhulu esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa noma ngaphezulu. Ngesikhathi usesibhedlela, odokotela bangakuqapha futhi bakunike umoya-mpilo uma kudingeka.

Kodwa, khumbula, uma kutholakale ukuthi isifo sikhona futhi selashwa ngokushesha, abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside.

Ingancishiswa kanjani le ngozi?

Asikwazi ukuvimbela ezinye izimbangela ze-hemothorax. Kodwa-ke, singenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-hemothorax ngenxa yokulimala esifubeni noma ukulimala:

• Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela uma udlala imidlalo noma imisebenzi engabangela ukulimala esifubeni.
• Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo njalo uma ugibele emotweni.
• Uma uthatha okuthile okuvela phezulu, ungakhweli ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni, ungasebenzisi idivayisi efanele, noma ucele usizo kothile.
• Uma unenkinga yokuhamba noma usengozini enkulu yokuwa, sebenzisa induku, i-walker, noma izinduku zokubambelela.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani ngesikhathi sokululama?

Ngesikhathi usalulama ekushayweni yi-hemothorax, kungcono ukugwema izinto ezingalimaza noma zibeke ingcindezi emaphashini akho. Isibonelo:

• Gwema ukubhema.
• Gwema ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima njengokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo nokugoba okunzima.
• Hlala kude nemidlalo yokuxhumana isikhashana.
• Gwema ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuntywila nge-scuba noma ukuntywila olwandle olujulile.
• Ukuhamba ngezindiza (kungcono ukubonisana nodokotela ngalokhu futhi).

Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela udokotela wakho aziyalelayo. Lokhu kuzomvumela ukuthi abone ukuthi uyalulama njengoba kulindelekile nokuthi enze ezinye izivivinyo (isib. ama-X-ray) uma kudingeka.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma ngokuzumayo uba nobunzima bokuphefumula noma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba obungabekezeleleki, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungachithi isikhathi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Wazi kanjani ukuthi ngine-hemothorax?
• Ingakanani ingozi yami ye-hemothorax?
• Ingabe kukhona engingakwenza ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki futhi?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
• Kuzongithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ngilulame?
• Ingabe ngizodinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngihlale esibhedlela?

Ingabe i-Hemothorax iyingozi empilweni?

Kuncike ebunzimeni be-hemothorax yakho nokuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi. Amacala amancane e-hemothorax angaphola ngaphandle kwezingozi noma izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, amacala amakhulu e-hemothorax angaba yingozi uma engelashwa ngokushesha.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Hemothorax ne-Pneumothorax?

Ungazididanisi lezi ezimbili.

• I-Hemothorax ukuqongelela kwegazi esikhaleni se-pleural.
• I-Pneumothorax yisimo lapho umoya ungena khona esikhaleni se-pleural bese ubeka ingcindezi emaphashini, okubangela ukuthi awe ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "iphaphu eliwile".

Ingabe i-hemothorax iphaphu eliwile?

Cha. I-Hemothorax kanye nokuwa kwamaphaphu kuyizimo ezimbili ezihlukene. Elinye igama lokuwa kwamaphaphu yi -pneumothorax. Kodwa-ke, i-hemothorax ingabangela nokucindezeleka emaphashini futhi ibangele ukuthi awe.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Hemothorax ne-Pleural Effusion?

• I-Pleural effusion ukuqongelela koketshezi oluningi esikhaleni se-pleural. Ngokuvamile, umuntu omdala une-5-10 milliliters (cishe izipuni eziyi-1-2) zalolu ketshezi ohlangothini olulodwa lwesikhala se-pleural. Uma leli nani landa, libizwa ngokuthi i-pleural effusion.
• I-Hemothorax ukuqongelela kwegazi esikhaleni se-pleural.

Kalula nje, i-hemothorax uhlobo lokukhipha igazi emzimbeni, kodwa luhilela igazi.

Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene nobuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola i-hemothorax, athole imbangela, futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu.

## Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nokho, sikhulume kakhulu nge-Hemothorax namuhla. Ekuphetheni, nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• I-Hemothorax ukuqongelela kwegazi emgodini ozungeze amaphaphu.
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu izingozi, ukulimala, kanye nokuhlinzwa esifubeni.
• Izimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kungase kube khona.
• Lokhu kungaba yisimo esibucayi, ngakho-ke uma unezimpawu, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukumpontshelwa igazi, umoya-mpilo, futhi mhlawumbe nokuhlinzwa .
• Uma welashwa ngokushesha, ungalulama ngokuphelele.
• Le ngozi ingancishiswa ngokuzivikela ezingozini.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi. Hlala uphilile!

I- Hemothorax, igazi eligcwalisa isifuba, isikhala se-pleural, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ipayipi lesifuba, isifo sokuphefumula