Wake wezwa nge-Hepatitis C? Mhlawumbe yebo, mhlawumbe cha. Ngempela kufana nesitha esithule emzimbeni wethu. Ngoba, abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banalesi sifo, ngoba ezigabeni zokuqala asibonisi zimpawu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, singadala umonakalo omkhulu esibindini sethu. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, manje kunemithi emisha engayelapha ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke masiqaphele lokhu.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-hepatitis C?
I-Hepatitis C igciwane elibangelwa yigciwane. Leli gciwane (igciwane le-Hepatitis C - i-HCV) lihlasela isibindi ngqo, okungesinye sezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Cabanga ukuthi umzimba wethu uyifektri enkulu, futhi umphathi wayo oyinhloko yisibindi. Ngakho-ke lokho okwenziwa yileli gciwane ukulimaza amangqamuzana esibindi futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala lapho. Uma kungelashwa, lo monakalo unganda kancane kancane futhi isibindi singase sihluleke ngokuphelele.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Yilapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Ngoba abantu abaningi abangenwe yi-hepatitis C abanazo izimpawu ekuqaleni. Kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezithile njengoba igciwane lingena emzimbeni futhi umzimba uqala ukulwa nalo (lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isigaba "esibukhali"). Kodwa lezi zimpawu zifana nezomkhuhlane ovamile, ngakho abantu abaningi abazinaki.
Izimpawu ezinkulu zivela kuphela uma lesi sifo sesikhona isikhathi eside (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isigaba "esingapheli") futhi isibindi siqala ukonakala. Ake sibheke lezi ezimbili ngokwehlukana.
| Uma kuvela izimpawu | Izici ezibonakala kalula |
|---|---|
| Esigabeni sokuqala (Isigaba Esiphuthumayo) |
|
| Isigaba Esingapheli | Ngaphezu kwazo zonke izici ezingenhla:
|
Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye?
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Hepatitis C idluliselwa kuphela uma igazi lomuntu onegciwane lingena emzimbeni womuntu ophilile. Lokho kusho ukuthi alidluliselwa ngamathe, ukujuluka, izinyembezi, ukwabelana ngokudla, noma ukwangana.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: I-Hepatitis C idluliselwa ngegazi kuphela. Ayidluliselwa ngolunye uketshezi lomzimba noma ukuthintana okuvamile.
Lezi yizikhathi lapho lesi sifo sivame ukusabalala khona:
- Ukwabelana ngezinaliti nezinaliti ezifanayo zokujova izidakamizwa: Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokusabalala kwalesi sifo eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele.
- Ukudweba umzimba noma ukubhoboza umzimba usebenzisa imishini engahlanzwanga: Kuyingozi kakhulu ukwenza lezi zinto ezindaweni ezingahlanzekile futhi ezingahlanzi kahle imishini.
- Ukusuka kumama onegciwane kuya enganeni yakhe: Lesi sifo singadluliselwa kusuka kumama onegciwane siye enganeni yakhe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha.
- Izingozi zokunakekelwa kwempilo: Umuntu ophilile ugwazwa esibhedlela ngento ethile, njengenaliti egcotshwe ngegazi lesiguli esinegciwane.
- Ukwabelana ngemishini yomuntu siqu: Uma omunye umuntu esebenzisa into efana nensingo noma ibhulashi lamazinyo elisetshenziswe ngumuntu onegciwane futhi linegazi kulo, lingadluliselwa komunye umuntu.
- Ukuthola ukumpontshelwa igazi ngaphambi kuka-1992: Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola igazi le-hepatitis C abuzange buthuthukiswe. Ngakho-ke, kunengozi ethile kulabo abathola igazi ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa-ke , manje lonke igazi elinikelwe lihlolwa ngokucophelela ngalokhu, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngakho.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni uma uthola i-hepatitis C?
Uma igciwane le-hepatitis C lingena emzimbeni, akuwona wonke umzimba osabela ngendlela efanayo.
- Kwabanye abantu (cishe abangu-30 kwabayi-100), amasosha omzimba ayakwazi ukulwa negciwane futhi alinqobe ngokuphelele phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Uma kunjalo, lesi sifo simane siphele.
- Kodwa kubantu abaningi (cishe abangu-70 kwabayi-100), umzimba awukwazi ukunqoba leli gciwane. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa lilwa, igciwane lihlala unomphela emzimbeni. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukutheleleka kwe-hepatitis C okungamahlalakhona .
Izinkinga zokutheleleka okungapheli
Ukutheleleka okungapheli kusho ukuthi isibindi sihlala sivuvukala. Uma lo monakalo uqhubeka iminyaka eminingi, amangqamuzana esibindi aphilile athathelwa indawo yizicubu zesibazi. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-cirrhosis . Uma kwenzeka i-cirrhosis, ukusebenza kwesibindi kuyawohloka ngokuphelele. Lesi yisigaba sokugcina sokwehluleka kwesibindi.
I-cirrhosis ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu:
- Ukucindezeleka Kwegazi Emaphethelweni: Ukucindezeleka okukhulu emithanjeni eletha igazi esibindini.
- Umdlavuza Wesibindi: I-cirrhosis yandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza wesibindi.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unalezi zimpawu noma usola ukuthi unesifo, bona udokotela wakho. Uzokuhlola bese ebheka izinto ezifana namehlo aphuzi kanye nesisu esivuvukele. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuqinisekisa isifo.
| Igama lokuhlolwa kwegazi | Kalula nje, ubonani kukho? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwama-Antibody | Umzimba wakho uhlolwa ama-antibodies ngokumelene negciwane le-hepatitis C. Uma lokhu kukuhle, kusho ukuthi uke watheleleka ngaleli gciwane ngesikhathi esithile. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-RNA | Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody kutholakala ukuthi kuyiqiniso, yilokhu okwenzayo ngokulandelayo. Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi igciwane lisasebenza yini emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ukuhlolwa kohlobo lwe-genotype | Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha zegciwane le-hepatitis C. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthola ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo onalo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni ukwelashwa. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwesibindi | Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi unqume impilo yesibindi sakho iyonke nokuthi sonakele yini. |
Uma lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukuthi isibindi sonakele, udokotela angase futhi ancome ukuskena okukhethekile, njenge- transient elastography, ukuze kulinganiswe ubukhulu bomonakalo.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha? Ingabe ingelapheka ngokuphelele?
Yebo! Kunjalo impela! Lezi yizindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu nezijabulisayo. Eminyakeni edlule, kwakukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu okwakunemiphumela emibi eminingi futhi okwakungasebenzi kahle. Kodwa manje sekukhona imithi emisha ebizwa ngokuthi ama-Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) .
Lezi ziza ngesimo samaphilisi. Uma uthatha le mithi isikhathi esivamile phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili neziyisithupha, ungayelapha ngokuphelele leso sifo ngamathuba angaphezu kuka-95%. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi ofanele wena ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwegciwane onalo.
Kodwa-ke, uma usunesikhathi eside unesifo futhi unomonakalo omkhulu wesibindi (njenge-cirrhosis), kungadingeka ukuthi welaphe lowo monakalo ngokwehlukana ngisho nangemva kokuba igciwane seliqediwe.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
Imiphumela emibi yale mithi emisha ye-DAA ayivamile. Abanye abantu bangase babhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Uhudo
- Ukukhathala
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Isicanucanu
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Izinto ongazenza ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Njengomuntu onomonakalo wesibindi, unesibopho esikhulu sokuvikela isibindi sakho ekulimaleni okuqhubekayo ngenkathi uthola ukwelashwa.
- Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele: Utshwala lungenye yezitha ezinkulu zesibindi. Kungcono ukuyeka ukuphuza utshwala, hhayi nje ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, kodwa impilo yakho yonke.
- Yeka ukubhema.
- Gomela i-hepatitis A kanye ne-B: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela isibindi sakho ekuhlaselweni okuqhubekayo ngamagciwane.
- Landela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngqo: iya emitholampilo ngezikhathi ezishiwo udokotela, bese uthatha imithi yakho njengoba nje uyalelwe.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokukuvimbela?
Ngeshwa, awukho umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis C okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela ukutheleleka ukugwema ukuthintana negazi elinegciwane. Lokho kusho ukuthi,
- Ungalokothi wabelane ngezinaliti ezisetshenziswa ukujova izidakamizwa.
- Uma udwetshwa i-tattoo noma ubhoboza umzimba, kwenze kuphela endaweni ehlanzekile kakhulu futhi enemishini ehlanjululwe kahle.
- Ungasebenzisi izinsingo noma amabhulashi amazinyo omunye umuntu.
Ungase umangale futhi ushaqeke uma uthola ukuthi une-hepatitis C. Ungase ungazi nokuthi uyithole kuphi noma kanjani. Kodwa esikhundleni sokukhathazeka ngayo, ukwazi ukuthi unesifo kungcono izikhathi eziyinkulungwane kunokungazi. Ngoba manje singelapheka ngokuphelele. Uma sisheshe sitholakale, umonakalo omncane esibindini ungancishiswa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hepatitis C igciwane elibangela umonakalo esibindini. Abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni.
- Idluliselwa kuphela ngokuthintana kwegazi elinegciwane. Izici eziyinhloko eziyingozi ukusetshenziswa kwezinaliti ezingavikelekile kanye nokudweba ama-tattoo.
- Imithi emisha (ama-DAA) atholakalayo manje ingayelapha ngokuphelele lesi sifo ezimweni ezingaphezu kuka-95%.
- Uma unezinsolo ngalesi sifo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha bese uthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Uma lesi sifo sisheshe sitholakale futhi ukwelashwa kuqala, kulapho umonakalo wesikhathi eside esibindini ungavinjelwa khona.
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