Ingabe ingane yakho inenkinga yokuthulula amanzi? Ake sixoxe ngesifo sikaHirschsprung

Kuvamile ukukhathazeka ngezinto ezincane kanye nenjabulo yokuletha umntwana osanda kuzalwa ekhaya, akunjalo? Abazali bakhathazeke kakhulu ngokudla, ukuphuza, ukugeza, kanye nokukhuculula kwengane yabo (sikubiza ngokuthi ' ukuchama '). Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho ingakaphumi endle ezinsukwini ezimbili, noma cishe emahoreni angu-48, noma uma isisu sayo sivuvukele futhi siqinile ngendlela engavamile, lokhu kuyinto ezobaluleka kakhulu kuwe. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo lapho ezinye izingane zizalwa naso esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hirschsprung's Disease.

Iyini isifo sikaHirschsprung?

Kalula nje, i-Hirschsprung's Disease yisimo ingane yakho ezalwa naso (okungukuthi, isimo sokuzalwa). Sibangela ukuthi ukuhamba kwendle engxenyeni yamathumbu amakhulu engane yakho (ikholoni) kwehle noma kume ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi ``i-congenital megacolon.''

Cabanga ngakho, uma sidla ukudla, kudinga ukugaywa nokukhishwa njengodoti. Ukuze le nqubo yenzeke kahle, imisipha emathunjini ethu idinga ukufinyela nokuphumula. Lokhu kuboniswa amangqamuzana ezinzwa. Kumntwana one-Hirschsprung's Disease , amangqamuzana ezinzwa ekugcineni kwamathumbu amakhulu, eduze kwe-anus, awakhuliswa kahle. Lawa maseli ezinzwa akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi "amaseli e-neural crest."

Ngakho-ke, uma indle idlula emathunjini omntwana futhi ifika endaweni lapho amangqamuzana ezinzwa engasebenzi kahle khona, iyavaleka futhi ayikwazi ukudlula. Yilapho kuvela khona ukuqunjelwa. Uma lesi simo singelashwa ngokushesha, singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?

Isifo sikaHirschsprung asisona isifo esivame kakhulu. Sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-5,000 abazalwa . Sivame kakhulu kathathu kuya kane kubafana kunamantombazane.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Ezinye izingane zingaba nokuvaleka kwamathumbu lapho zizalwa ngenxa yesifo sikaHirschsprung. Uma ingane yakho ingazange ihambe ngamathumbu zingakapheli amahora angu-48 izelwe , kungaba uphawu olukhulu lwalesi simo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonakale ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu: Isisu somntwana singase sizwakale sengathi sigcwele igesi futhi singase sibe nzima ukusithinta.
• Ukuqunjelwa: Ukuzikhulula endlini yangasese kunzima kakhulu ukukuqeda, noma akudluli izinsuku eziningana.
• Ukuhlanza: Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlanza kungaba phuzi noma kube luhlaza.
• Uhudo: Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nesifo sohudo esikhundleni sokuqunjelwa.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo: Ingane ingase ingafuni ukuphuza ubisi, ngakho-ke ingase ingakhuluphali kahle.
• Ukuncipha kokukhula.

Uma ingane yakho inesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kungani isifo sikaHirschsprung senzeka?

Uma ingane isesibelethweni, lawo maseli e-neural crest esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili akhula kusukela phezulu emathunjini amancane engane kuze kufike endunu. Kodwa-ke, ezinganeni ezine-Hirschsprung's Disease, la maseli e-nerve ayayeka ukukhula ndawana thize emathunjini amakhulu. Odokotela abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka.

Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingaphansi kwama-20%, lesi sifo singabonakala sidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane emindenini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi sibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo .

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela lesi sifo?

Uma othile emndenini, njengomzali noma umfowabo, enalesi sifo, kunengozi ethile yokuthi ingane nayo izosithola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane ezinezimo ezilandelayo nazo zisengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikaHirschsprung:

• Uma unesifo senhliziyo ozalwa naso.
• Uma une -Down syndrome .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi sifo?

Cishe u-40% wezingane ezinesifo sikaHirschsprung ziba nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-enterocolitis. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amathumbu amancane namakhulu engane avuvuke futhi atheleleke. Nakuba lokhu kuncane kwezinye izingane, kungaba kubi ngokwanele ukuba kube yingozi empilweni kwabanye. Uma kuvela i-enterocolitis enzima, ingane ingaba nomkhuhlane futhi ivele ibe nesifo sohudo esibi.

Okubalulekile: Uma iSifo sikaHirschsprung singelashwa kahle, singaholela ezimweni ezimbi nezisongela ukuphila ezifana nalezi:

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* Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amakhulu: Kulokhu, ukunyakaza kokudla emathunjini amakhulu engane kuyayeka ngokuphelele.

* I-megacolon enobuthi: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kodwa esisongela impilo. Ithumbu elikhulu lomntwana liyavuvukala kakhulu futhi likhule. Igesi kanye nendle akukwazi ukudlula emathunjini avuvukile bese kuvinjelwa. Lokhu kwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi emathunjini, okuvumela amagciwane ukuthi angene egazini. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezisongela impilo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Enterocolitis' kanye ne-'Sepsis'. Kwezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, kungenzeka kube nembobo ('ukubhoboka') emathunjini.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingabonakala zifaka:

• Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okuvamile okungahleliwe.
• Uhudo.
• Imfiva.
• Ukungondleki kahle.
• Ukuqunjelwa okukhulu.
• Ukuqunjelwa kwesisu.
• Ukuhlanza.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu.

Isifo sikaHirschsprung sitholakala kanjani?

Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, into yokuqala oyenzayo ukuzwa isisu somntwana. Bahlola ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kanye nokuvaleka kwendle. Bese, bahlola i-rectum ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini ukwakheka kwendle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angenza okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlolwa:

• I-X-ray: I-X-ray yesisu ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuvaleka kwamathumbu.
• I-enema yokuqhathanisa: Kulokhu, udokotela ufaka ithubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter nge-anus yomntwana. Uketshezi oluphephile olubizwa ngokuthi i-contrast luthunyelwa ngethubhu lungene emathunjini. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuthi uketshezi luhamba kanjani emathunjini. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni kahle ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukuncipha emathunjini.
• I-Biopsy: Lolu vivinyo olubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile ukususa ingxenye encane yezicubu ekugcineni kwamathumbu amakhulu engane (i-rectum). Ngemuva kwalokho udokotela wezifo ubheka izicubu ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze abone ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa esikhulume ngawo akhona yini. Lolu vivinyo alubuhlungu enganeni, futhi asikho isidingo sokubulala izinzwa.

Isifo sikaHirschsprung siphathwa kanjani futhi siphathwa kanjani?

Akukho ukwelashwa kwesifo sikaHirschsprung. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa ukwelapha lesi simo ngempumelelo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa: inqubo yokudonsa kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-ostomy.

Inqubo yokudonsa

Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa evame kakhulu futhi evame kakhulu yesifo sikaHirschsprung. Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye yamathumbu amakhulu engane engenawo amangqamuzana emizwa futhi axhumanise ingxenye enempilo yamathumbu ngqo ne-anus. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa nge-laparoscopically (ngokusikwa okuncane okuncane) noma ngokwesiko. Ingane ilulama ngokushesha ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Ostomy

Ezinye izingane zingadinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-ostomy ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi esifanayo nenqubo yokudonsa. Lokhu kungaba i-colostomy (inqubo yamathumbu amakhulu) noma i-ileostomy (inqubo yamathumbu amancane).

Kule nqubo, odokotela abahlinzayo banamathisela ingxenye yamathumbu amakhulu noma amathumbu amancane esikhumbeni sesisu somntwana. Esikhundleni sendunu yomntwana, indle yomntwana iphuma ngembobo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-stoma." "Isikhwama se-ostomy" sinamathiselwa emzimbeni womntwana ukuze kuqoqwe indle. Lokhu kuvame ukuba okwesikhashana. Kamuva, siyasuswa kolunye ukuhlinzwa, kuqedwa "inqubo yokudonsa."

Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe

Ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa, lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingaba usizo futhi:

• Ukuphathwa kwamathumbu: Indlela esebenzisa imithi kanye/noma ama-enemas ukuze kugcinwe imikhuba emihle yamathumbu enganeni.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwemizwa ye-Sacral: Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka idivayisi encane emhlane ongezansi ukusiza ukulawula amathumbu kanye nokulawula esinyeni.
• I-Biofeedback: Lena yindlela yokwelapha esifundisa izindlela ezahlukene zokulawula imisebenzi yomzimba esingazi ukuthi sinayo, njengokunyakaza kwamathumbu.

Yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa okudonswayo?

Izinsana ezineSifo sikaHirschsprung zivame ukululama ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa "kokudonswa." Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zingase zibhekane nezinkinga ezilandelayo ngisho nangemva kokululama:

• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwendle.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Ukutheleleka kwamathumbu (i-Enterocolitis).

Uma lezi zinkinga ziphakama, udokotela ohlinzayo wengane yakho kanye nodokotela wezifo zamathumbu bazokusiza ukuthi uzilawule.

Ingane izolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Uma konke kuhamba kahle, umntwana uzoqala ukuzizwa engcono kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Khumbula, nakuba isifo sikaHirschsprung singelapheki ngokuphelele, ukuhlinzwa kungaletha imiphumela ephumelela kakhulu.

Sinjani isimo ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ezinye izingane zingase ziqhubeke nokuqunjelwa, ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, kanye nokutheleleka kwamathumbu. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqashwa kwezokwelapha isikhathi eside kanye nokuphathwa okufanele, izingane eziningi zingaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokuqunjelwa okukhulu kanye nobunzima bokulawula ukuhamba kwazo kwamathumbu.

Ngingakwazi yini ukuvimbela isifo sikaHirschsprung?

Ngeshwa, akekho ongavimbela i-Hirschsprung's Disease. Uma unesifo, noma uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba naso, kungaba ngumqondo omuhle ukubona umeluleki wezakhi zofuzo ngaphambi kokuba uqale umndeni.

Ngingayisiza kanjani ingane yami ukuthi ibhekane nesifo sikaHirschsprung?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezingasiza ingane yakho ukuphatha lesi simo:

• Isiqondiso Sokudla Okunomsoco: Ungacela iseluleko kuchwepheshe wezokudla mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okufanele ingane yakho nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ukuze uvimbele ukuqunjelwa.
• Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo okuvela kochwepheshe nabahlengikazi: Ukubhekwa ngudokotela wezifo zamathumbu kanye nomhlengikazi oqeqeshwe kulokhu kubalulekile.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Biofeedback / ukuvuselelwa kwephansi le-pelvic: Lokhu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukulawula amathumbu.
• Ukusekelwa ngudokotela wengqondo noma isisebenzi sezenhlalakahle: Ingane nomndeni bangathola ukwesekwa kwengqondo ukuze babasize babhekane nale nselele.

Khuluma njalo nodokotela bengane yakho. Bazokusiza ukuthi ukhethe ukudla okungcono kakhulu kanye nezinketho zokwelapha ingane yakho.

Kufanele ngimtshele nini udokotela ngesifo sikaHirschsprung somntwana wami?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi phakathi nonyaka wokuqala, izingane zingaba nokutheleleka kwamathumbu (i-enterocolitis). Uma ingane yakho ibonisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, yazisa udokotela ngokushesha:

• Ukopha okubangelwa yi-rectum.
• Uhudo.
• Imfiva.
• Ukuqunjelwa kwesisu.
• Ukuhlanza.

Khumbula, ukuthi nje ingane yakho izalwe ineSifo sikaHirschsprung akusho ukuthi ayikwazi ukuphila impilo ejabulisayo nenempilo. Lesi simo singelapheka ngokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiholela ekuhlinzweni singakucindezela kakhulu. Kuvamile ukuzizwa udangele futhi wesaba lapho ubhekene nosana olusanda kuzalwa. Cela usizo emndenini wakho nakubangani bakho. Bavumele bakusize ngemisebenzi yasekhaya nokupheka. Ngemuva kwalokho ungachitha isikhathi nomntwana wakho futhi uphumule.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• Isifo sikaHirschsprung siyisimo esibangelwa ezinye izingane ezizalwa naso, okubangela ubunzima bokukhipha indle ngenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa emathunjini amakhulu awakhuli kahle.
• Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezifana nokungahambi kahle kwamathumbu, ukuqunjelwa, noma ukuhlanza zingakapheli amahora angu-48 izelwe, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Lesi sifo singaqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy.
• Inqubo yokudonsa iyindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kwe-ostomy kungenziwa okwesikhashana.
• Ngemva kokwelashwa, iningi lezinsana lingaphila impilo evamile nenempilo. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka ukubhekwa okuqhubekayo kwezokwelapha.
• Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Thola ukwesekwa kodokotela nomndeni.

Ngifisela ingane yakho ukululama okusheshayo!

Isifo sikaHirschsprung , isifo sikaHirschsprung, ukuqunjelwa kosana, i-megacolon yokuzalwa, ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu, ukwelashwa kwezingane, inqubo yokudonsa, i-ostomy