Uke waba nobuhlungu emhlane isikhathi eside? Ungase ucabange ukuthi ubuhlungu obuvamile emhlane bubangelwa ukuhlala kabi noma ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo. Ikakhulukazi uma usemncane, kuyinto evamile ukuzibuza, 'Luhlobo luni lwesifo samalunga kulesi sikhathi?' Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngemuva kwalolu buhlungu obuqhubekayo emhlane, ukukhathala, nokuqina, kungase kube nesimo esikhethekile samalunga esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Kungaba nzima kancane ukuthola lesi sifo. Ake sibone ukuthi odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo.
Kungani i-AS kunzima ukuyixilonga ngezinye izikhathi?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ukuxilonga i-Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) kungaba yinselele.
Into yokuqala ukuthi izimpawu eziyinhloko zalesi simo, ubuhlungu bomhlane kanye nokukhathala, zivame kwezinye izifo eziningi . Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa yinoma yini kusukela ekucindezelweni kwemisipha okulula kuya kwezinye izinkinga zempilo.
Into yesibili ukuthi lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu intsha . Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20-40 bangaqala ukusithola. Ngakho-ke, umuntu oneminyaka enjalo angase angacabangi kalula ukuthi unesifo samalunga njenge-arthritis.
Okwesithathu, kungase kube nomehluko othile ezimpawini phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa . Nakuba lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa, singathinta nabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane bangase baqale babhekane nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bentamo kunobuhlungu bomhlane. Lokhu kungenza ukuxilongwa kube nzima kakhulu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okungasho ngokushesha ukuthi, "Yebo, lesi yisifo." Ngakho-ke, udokotela kufanele ahlanganise izici eziningana ukuze afinyelele esiphethweni.
Uma udokotela wakho oyinhloko esola ukuthi une-AS, angakudlulisela kudokotela wamathambo, udokotela ogxile ezifweni zamalunga. Banolwazi olukhethekile ekuxilongeni nasekwelapha lezi zinhlobo zezimo zamalunga ezivuvukalayo.
Wenzani uma ubona udokotela? (Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba)
Into yokuqala udokotela okuxilongayo azokwenza ukuhlola umzimba wakho ngokucophelela (Physical Exam).
Ngalesi sikhathi, uzocelwa ukuthi ugobe phambili, emuva, nasemaceleni ukuze uhlole ukuguquguquka komhlane wakho kanye namalunga. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole ukuthi ubuhlungu bakho bomhlane buvela kuphi futhi nini. Ungase futhi ucelwe ukuthi uqinise izindawo ezithile zomhlane wakho kanye nezinqe, bese uhambisa imilenze yakho ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphefumule ngokujulile ukuze uthole umuzwa wokukhula kwesifuba sakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Ubuhlungu buqale nini?
- Ubuhlungu buvame ukuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?
- Yisiphi isikhathi sosuku lapho ubuhlungu bubuhlungu kakhulu khona? (Ingabe kukhona ukuqina nobuhlungu lapho uvuka ekuseni?)
- Ingabe ubuhlungu buyancipha noma buyanda uma uzivocavoca noma uhamba?
- Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onalolu hlobo lwesifo samalunga (AS)? (Umlando Womndeni)
- Zikhona yini ezinye izimpawu (isib., amehlo abomvu, iminwe evuvukele, ukukhathala okukhulu) ngaphandle kobuhlungu bomhlane?
Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo
Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela ezivivinyweni ezahlukene ukuze athole okwengeziwe ngalesi sifo. Lokhu kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe kanye Nokuhlolwa Kwegazi.
| Uhlobo lokuhlola | Ubonani kulokhu? | Izinto okufanele uzazi |
|---|---|---|
| I-X-ray | Sibheka izinguquko emgogodleni kanye namalunga e-sacroiliac, njengokuncishiswa kwesikhala phakathi kwamathambo. | Ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo, akukho zinguquko ezingase zibonakale ku-X-ray. Kungathatha iminyaka ukuthi izinguquko ezisobala zibonakale. |
| Iskeni se-MRI | Ngaphezu kwamathambo, isimo se-cartilage nezicubu ezithambile sibonakala kahle kakhulu. Ukuvuvukala emalungeni kungabonakala esiteji sokuqala. | Kubiza kakhulu kune-X-ray, kodwa kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokubona lesi sifo kusenesikhathi. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Sibheka kakhulu izinto ezimbili: 1. Ingabe ikhona i-gene ebizwa ngokuthi i-HLA-B27 ? 2. Amamaki abizwa ngokuthi i-ESR kanye ne -CRP , alinganisa izinga lokuvuvukala emzimbeni. | Ukuba ne-HLA-B27 gene kukodwa akukubangela i-AS . Futhi, akuwona wonke umuntu one-AS onale gene. Amamaki afana ne-ESR kanye ne-CRP nawo angakhuphuka kwezinye izimo ezithelelanayo. Ngakho-ke, awasetshenziswa wodwa ukuthola lesi sifo. |
Okunye okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi...
Udokotela wakho angase ahlole igazi lakho ukuze athole uphawu lwezakhi zofuzo olubizwa ngokuthi i-HLA-B27 . Iningi labantu abane-AS linalesi sakhi sofuzo. Kodwa-ke, khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi sakhi sofuzo ozokhula abe ne-AS. Futhi, inani elincane labantu abane-AS lingase lingabi nalesi sakhi sofuzo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa izivivinyo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) kanye ne-CRP (C-reactive Protein) ukuhlola ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Lawa manani angakhuphuka ngenxa ye-AS. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lokhu kungakhuphuka nakwezinye izimo ezifana nokutheleleka noma i-anemia, lokhu kumane nje kuwubufakazi obunye.
Ngakho-ke lesi sifo siqinisekiswa kanjani ekugcineni?
Cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi lokhu akulona ukuhlolwa okwenziwa kanye kuphela, kufana nokuxazulula iphazili. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi sifo singase singaqinisekiswa kuze kube yiminyaka eminingi ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Lokhu kuyinselele kokubili isiguli kanye nodokotela.
Udokotela uvame ukuphetha ngokuthi une-AS uma kuhlangatshezwana nalezi zici ezilandelayo:
Izinguquko zamalunga ezihambisana ne-AS ziyabonakala ku-X-ray noma ku-MRI scan , futhi okungenani okukodwa kwalokhu okulandelayo kukhona:
- Ikhono elilinganiselwe lokugoba umhlane wakho ongezansi phambili nangaseceleni.
- Uma uphefumula, isifuba sakho siyakhula kancane uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka yakho kanye nobulili bakho.
- Ubuhlungu bomhlane obebukhona izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu futhi buqedwa ukuzivocavoca noma ukunyakaza .
Cabanga ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwakho kwezithombe (i-X-ray, i-MRI) akubonisi zinguquko ezisobala, kodwa unazo zonke lezi zimpawu ezintathu ezishiwo ngenhla. Esimweni esinjalo, udokotela wakho angase akuxilonge ngokuthi "Probable Ankylosing Spondylitis" (isimo esingaba yi-AS).
Lokho kusho ukuthi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe lesi sifo, udokotela wenza isinqumo sokugcina ngokuhlanganisa konke kusukela ezimpawu zakho, okutholakele ekuhlolweni komzimba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nemibiko ye-X-ray/MRI.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) isifo sokuvuvukala komgogodla esingase senzeke umuntu esemncane. Ungasinaki njengobuhlungu bomhlane nje.
- Ngenxa yokuthi akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okuqinisekile kokuthola lesi sifo, ukuxilongwa kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi.
- Udokotela uxilonga lesi sifo ngokucabangela izimpawu zakho, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi (HLA-B27, CRP, ESR), kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe (X-ray, MRI).
- Uma ukuqina komhlane kanye nobuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ekuseni, kuncipha ngokuzivocavoca, qiniseka ukuthi uyayinaka.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze akunike iseluleko. Uzokudlulisela kudokotela wamathambo uma kudingeka.
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