Ingabe ungumama ozibuza ukuthi kufanele yini unike indodakazi yakho noma indodana yakho umuthi wokugomela i-HPV? Noma ingabe uyesaba noma uyanqikaza ngoba awazi okuningi ngalo muthi wokugomela? Lo muthi wokugomela uyindlela engcono kakhulu nephephile yokuzivikela egciwaneni le-HPV, elibangela umdlavuza wesibeletho, eminye imidlavuza eyingozi, kanye nezinhlungu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ngakho-ke, ake sithole izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo yakho mayelana nawo namuhla.
Okokuqala, iyini i-HPV?
Kalula nje, i-HPV imele i-Human Papillomavirus. Isifo esithathelwana ngocansi esivame kakhulu (STI) . Sisakazeka kakhulu ngokuthintana kwesikhumba nesikhumba ngesikhathi socansi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40 ze-HPV. Sivame kakhulu kangangokuthi cishe u-80% wabantu abahlanganyela ocansini bazothola lesi sifo ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, amasosha omzimba aphilile angalwa negciwane futhi alisuse.
Kodwa ezinye izifo ze-HPV azipheli kalula. Zingaqhubeka emzimbeni bese ziphenduka umdlavuza . Isibonelo, i-HPV iyimbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kanye nowesitho sangasese. Futhi yigciwane elibangela izinhlungu zesitho sangasese.
Yingakho ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-HPV kubaluleke kangaka. Kuyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokuvimbela ukutheleleka uma uke wavezwa yileli gciwane.
Yisiphi isivikelo esinikezwa umuthi wokugomela i-HPV?
Umuthi wokugomela i-HPV uvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-HPV okungaholela kumdlavuza noma ezinhlungwini zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lokhu: Umuthi wokugomela uyisinyathelo sokuvimbela, hhayi ikhambi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma usuvele uthelelekile ngohlobo oluthile lwe-HPV, umuthi wokugomela awukwazi ukwelapha lowo muthi.
Kodwa-ke, umuthi wokugomela ungakuvikela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-HPV ongakaze uvezwe kuzo ngaphambili. Lezi zinhlobo zifaka phakathi izinhlobo ezinobungozi obukhulu kanye nezinhlobo ezinobungozi obuphansi ezibangela umdlavuza.
Umuthi wokugomela i-HPV uvimbela lezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho
- Umdlavuza wesitho sangasese sowesifazane
- Umdlavuza we-vulvar
- Umdlavuza wepenisi
- Umdlavuza wendunu
- Umdlavuza we-Oropharyngeal
- Amaqhubu esitho sangasese
Izinhlobo zemithi yokugoma esetshenziswa eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokugomela i-HPV. Akuzona zonke ezihlinzeka ngezinga elifanayo lokuvikela. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini.
| Igama lomjovo | Izinhlobo ze-HPV ezihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa | Izimo Zezifo Ezingavinjelwa |
|---|---|---|
| I-Gardasil-9 | I-HPV-16, 18 (ingozi ephezulu yomdlavuza) I-HPV-31, 33, 45, 52, 58 (ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza) I-HPV-6, 11 (yezinhlungu zesitho sangasese) | Iwumuthi wokugomela otholakala kabanzi, ovimbela u-90% womdlavuza wesibeletho kanye no-90% wezinhlungu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. |
| I-Gardasil | I-HPV-16, 18 I-HPV-6, 11 | Kuvimbela umdlavuza wesibeletho ngo-70% kanye nezinhlungu zesitho sangasese ngo-90%. |
| I-Cervarix | I-HPV-16, 18 | Kuvikela kuphela izinhlobo zomdlavuza eziyingozi kakhulu. Akuvimbeli izinhlungu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. |
Njengamanje, kusetshenziswa umuthi wokugomela i-Gardasil-9 kuphela emazweni afana ne-United States. Uhlinzeka ngesivikelo esikhulu. Lo muthi wokugomela uyatholakala ngaphansi kohlelo lokugomela lukahulumeni waseSri Lanka kanye nasemkhakheni ozimele.
Ubani okufanele athole lo muthi wokugomela?
Kungcono kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu, kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane, ukuthola umuthi wokugoma ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukuya ocansini. Khumbula, umuthi wokugoma ungakuvikela kuphela ezinhlotsheni ze-HPV ongakatheleleki ngazo. Yingakho kunconywa ukuthi uwuthole usemncane.
- Izingane ezineminyaka engu-11-12: Inhloso ukugoma izingane ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukuya ocansini futhi zibe sengozini yokuchayeka kuleli gciwane. Linganikezwa ngokuphephile izingane ezineminyaka engu-9 ubudala. Kulesi sikhathi, amasosha omzimba aqinile kakhulu futhi umuthi wokugoma usabela kahle kakhulu.
- Intsha engaphansi kweminyaka engama-26 ubudala:Labo abangazange bakwazi ukuqeda uchungechunge lokugoma beseyizingane noma abangazange baluqede bangaluthola kuze kube yiminyaka engu-26.
- Abanye abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-45: Abantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-45 manje sebengawuthola umuthi wokugoma. Kodwa-ke, ukuthi uzokuzuzisa kangakanani kuncike emlandweni wakho wocansi. Isibonelo, uma uke waba nabalingani bocansi abambalwa kakhulu esikhathini esidlule, ukuthola umuthi wokugoma kungase kukuvikele esikhathini esizayo. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese wenza isinqumo.
Ubani okungafanele athole umuthi wokugomela?
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe: Njengoba kungekho ucwaningo olwanele ngokuphepha komjovo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungcono ukuthola umjovo ngemva kokubeletha umntwana wakho. Kodwa-ke, uma uthola ngokungazi ukuthi ukhulelwe ngemva kokuthola umthamo owodwa womjovo, ungakhathazeki. Akukho mibiko yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezibangelwa umjovo we-HPV.
- Abantu abake baba nokungezwani komzimba nomthamo wangaphambilini: Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nokungezwani komzimba nomgomo we-HPV wangaphambilini. Tshela nodokotela wakho uma unakho ukungezwani okukhulu kwezinto ezifana ne-yeast noma i-latex.
- Abantu abahlushwa ukugula okulinganiselwe noma okunzima njengamanje, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane: Kungcono ukulinda uze ululame ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokugonywa.
Iyini isheduli yokugoma?
Lo muthi wokugoma unikezwa njengochungechunge lwemithamo eminingana. Inani lemithamo linqunywa ubudala ngesikhathi sokugoma kokuqala.
- Iminyaka engu-9 kuya kwengu-15: Kudingeka imithamo emibili ukuze kuvikelwe ngokugcwele. Imithamo yesibili kufanele inikezwe ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-12 ngemva kwemithamo yokuqala.
- Iminyaka engu-15 nangaphezulu: Kudingeka imithamo emithathu ukuze kuvikelwe ngokugcwele. Imithamo yesibili kufanele inikezwe inyanga eyi-1-2 ngemva kokuqala, kanti eyesithathu kufanele inikezwe izinyanga eziyi-6 ngemva kokuqala.
Okubalulekile: Uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibuthakathaka, kufanele uthole uchungechunge oluphelele lwemithi yokugoma yemithamo emithathu, kungakhathaliseki ubudala.
Kubalulekile yini ukuthi abafana bathole lo muthi wokugoma?
Yebo impela! Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lo muthi wokugomela ubaluleke kakhulu emantombazaneni ngoba uvimbela umdlavuza wesibeletho. Lokho kuwumbono ongalungile ngokuphelele .
Nakuba amadoda engawutholi umdlavuza wesibeletho, i-HPV ingabangela umdlavuza womphimbo, wepenis, kanye nowendunu . Ingabangela nezinhlungu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ukugonywa kungavikela kuzo zonke lezi zinto.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, indoda egonyiwe inciphisa ingozi yokudlulisela igciwane le-HPV kumlingani wayo wesikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izivikela yona kanye nomlingani wayo engcupheni yomdlavuza wesibeletho.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nezimpendulo
Ingabe ngisadinga ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap noma ngabe sengithole umuthi wokugomela i-HPV?
Yebo impela! Ngisho noma uke wagonywa, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap njalo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HPV. Ngoba yize imijovo ivikela ezinhlotsheni ze-HPV eziyingozi kakhulu, ayivikeli kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezibangela umdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, uma umdlavuza wesibeletho uzotholakala futhi welashwe kusenesikhathi, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa.
Uma ngike ngaba ne-HPV ngaphambili, ingabe kunengqondo ukuthi ngithole umuthi wokugomela?
Yilokho okufanele ukuxoxe nodokotela wakho. Nakuba umuthi wokugoma ungeke welaphe ukutheleleka okukhona, ungakuvikela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-HPV ongakazivezi kuzo. Uma uke waba nabalingani abaningi bocansi, umuthi wokugoma ungase ungasebenzi kahle. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu.
Kungani abanye abazali besaba ukunikeza izingane zabo lo muthi wokugomela?
Abanye abazali bayenqaba ukugonywa ngenxa yolwazi olungalungile kanye nezinganekwane. Isibonelo, abanye besaba ukuthi izingane zizoqala ukuya ocansini ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola umjovo. Lokhu akulungile neze. Ingane ayinqumi ukuya ocansini ngenxa yomjovo. Izizathu zomphakathi nezengqondo ezithonya lokhu ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Okwenzekayo ngempela ukuthi lo mjovo uzosindisa impilo yengane yakho ngokuyivikela ezifweni ezibulalayo njengomdlavuza lapho ingena empilweni yobulili enempilo yabantu abadala esikhathini esizayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umuthi wokugomela i-HPV uyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza, okuhlanganisa umdlavuza wesibeletho, umdlavuza womphimbo, umdlavuza wendunu, kanye nezinhlungu zesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Lokhu kubaluleke ngokulinganayo kumantombazane nakubafana. Ubudala obuhle buyiminyaka eyi-11-12, kodwa bungathathwa kamuva uma uthanda.
- Lokhu kuyindlela yokuvimbela, hhayi ukwelashwa kokutheleleka okukhona kakade.
- Ngisho noma ngabe bagonyiwe, kusadingeka ukuthi abesifazane benze ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap ngezikhathi ezihleliwe.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninokukhathazeka noma ukwesaba mayelana nokugonywa, xoxani ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho bese nenza isinqumo esifanele.
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