Omama abaningi bacabanga ngezinto eziyinkulungwane uma belindele umntwana. Into enkulu ukuthi umntwana uphilile futhi ukhula kahle yini. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kufanele sifunde ngezimo zezokwelapha esingakaze sizwe ngazo, futhi ezesabekayo kancane. Esinye sezifo ezingavamile, kodwa okufanele sazi ngazo yilesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hydrops Fetalis'. Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi olufanele ngalokhu.
Iyini ngempela i-Hydrops Fetalis?
Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho uketshezi oluningi luqongelela emzimbeni womntwana osesiswini noma kosana olusanda kuzalwa. Lolu ketshezi lungaqongelela noma kuphi, njengasendaweni yesisu, eduze kwenhliziyo namaphaphu, noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Cabanga nje, uketshezi olwengeziwe oluqongelela ngale ndlela lubeka ingcindezi enkulu enhliziyweni yomntwana nakwezinye izitho ezibalulekile. Kudingeka siqonde ukuthi lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esingathinta ngisho nokuphila komntwana uma singelashwa kahle.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Izimpawu zomntwana ngamunye zingase zihluke, kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile ezingabonakala. Lezi zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nangemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
| Izimpawu ezibonakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (nge-ultrasound) | Izimpawu ezibonakala ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana |
|---|---|
| Inani loketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana esibelethweni likhula kakhulu. | Isikhumba somntwana siphuzi. |
| I-placenta ijiyile kunejwayelekile. | Ukujuluka okukhulu. |
| Ubende nenhliziyo yengane kuyakhula. | Ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ukwakheka koketshezi oluzungeze izitho zomzimba, inhliziyo, noma amaphaphu engane. | Isibindi esikhulu kanye ne-spleen. |
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-Hydrops Fetalis:
Lesi simo singahlukaniswa sibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi senzeka kanjani.
1. Ama-hydrops angenawo amasosha omzimba
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubangela amaphesenti angama-80-90 ezimo ezibikiwe. Lungabangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo enganeni noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa. Kalula nje, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba womntwana awukwazi ukulawula amazinga awo oketshezi ngendlela efanele.
2. Uhlobo oluhlobene nomzimba (ama-hydrops omzimba)
Lokhu akuvamile. Kwenzeka uma kukhona ukungavumelani phakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi likamama nelomntwana .
Cabanga ngale ndlela: uma uhlobo lwegazi lukamama lungenayo i-Rh kanti uhlobo lwegazi lomntwana lungenayo i-Rh, amasosha omzimba kamama abona amangqamuzana egazi abomvu e-Rh omntwana 'njengesitha sangaphandle.' Bese enza ama-antibodies okubhubhisa lawo maseli bese ewathumela emzimbeni womntwana.
Uma amangqamuzana amaningi egazi abomvu engane ebhujiswa ngale ndlela, umntwana uba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-anemia . I-anemia yilapho kungekho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo anele ukuthwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungadala izinkinga ezincane zempilo enganeni. Kodwa uma kuba kubi kakhulu, inhliziyo yengane ingayeka ngisho nokusebenza (ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo).
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Hydrops Fetalis?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi i-Hydrops Fetalis ayisona isifo esisodwa. Siwuphawu oluvela ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo. Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu.
- Isifo se-hemolytic sosana olusanda kuzalwa: Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokungahambelani kwezinhlobo zegazi likamama nelomntwana, njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili.
- I-anemia enzima: Lesi simo, esibangelwa ukwehla kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, singaba imbangela enkulu ye-hydrops.
- Ukutheleleka: Uma ingane inesifo ngesikhathi izalwa, kungaholela kulesi simo.
- Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo namaphaphu: Uma inhliziyo noma amaphaphu engane engakakhuli kahle, lokho kungaba yimbangela.
- Ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa kanye nokukhubazeka kokuzalwas kanye nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa): Ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa nazo zandisa ingozi yalesi simo.
- Isifo sesibindi: Uma kunenkinga ngesibindi somntwana, ingabangela ne-Hydrops Fetalis.
Ungasibona kanjani lesi simo?
Udokotela wakho uvame ukuxilonga lesi simo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokubeletha. Uma ingane yakho inoketshezi olungavamile ezindaweni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ingase isole i-hydrops fetalis. Udokotela uzohlola futhi inani loketshezi, ukujiya kwe-placenta, nokuthi izitho zomntwana, njengenhliziyo nesibindi, zikhulisiwe yini.
Lesi simo singatholakala nangokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukungalingani phakathi kwegazi likamama nelomntwana.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Lesi yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ngakho-ke izinketho zokwelapha zincike embangela eyinhloko kanye nobunzima besimo.
Uma lokhu kutholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungase kungabi lula ukukwelapha ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase banqume ukubeletha umntwana kusenesikhathi (ukubeletha kusenesikhathi).
Uma umntwana ezalwa ene-Hydrops Fetalis, umntwana uzodinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile .
- Ingane ingadinga ukuxhunywa emshinini (i-ventilator) ukuze imsize aphefumule.
- Uketshezi olwengeziwe oluqongelelene enhliziyweni yengane, emaphashini nasesiswini kungadingeka lususwe kusetshenziswa inalithi.
Ingane kuzodingeka igcinwe ngaphansi kokubhekwa okuseduze kwethimba lezokwelapha esibhedlela kuze kube yilapho isimo esiyisisekelo sesilawulwa. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza esimweni esinjalo ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho njalo bese ulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hydrops Fetalis ukunqwabelana okungavamile koketshezi emzimbeni womntwana osanda kuzalwa noma osanda kuzalwa. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu.
- Lesi akusona isifo esihlukile, kodwa kunalokho uphawu lwesinye isimo sezokwelapha (isib. ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, ukutheleleka, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa).
- Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Esinye isizathu salokhu kungaba ukuthi izinhlobo zegazi likamama nelomntwana azihambisani (ikakhulukazi i-Rh factor).
- Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela eyinhloko. Kungadingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile esibhedlela ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu.
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