Uke waqaphela izinguquko ezinkulu emzimbeni wakho ngokuzumayo? Mhlawumbe usuke wakhuluphala ngokuzumayo, ubuso bakho bushintshile, noma uzizwa ukhathele usuku lonke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani? Sivame ukukhohlwa ngalezi zinto, sicabanga ukuthi zivamile. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngemuva kwezinye zalezi zinto, kungase kube noshintsho ekusebenzeni kwendlala encane, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ebuchosheni bethu. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Ibizwa ngokuthini le ndlala ye-pituitary? Kungani ibaluleke kangaka?
Cabanga ngomzimba wakho njengenkampani enkulu. Umphathi omkhulu waleyo nkampani, umphathi olawula konke, yi -pituitary gland . Lena yindlala encane, elingana nobhontshisi, etholakala phansi kobuchopho bethu, elingana nobhontshisi we-cherry. Nakuba incane, yenza umsebenzi omningi. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "yindlala enkulu."
Kalula nje, ilawula umsebenzi wezinye izindlala ze-endocrine emzimbeni wethu. Isibonelo, indlala ye-thyroid, izindlala ze-adrenal, kanye nohlelo lwethu lokuzala, njengezitho zokuzala noma amasende, kulawulwa ama-hormone akhishwa yindlala ye-pituitary.
Njenge-thermostat endlini yethu. Ihlala iqapha izinga lokushisa endlini futhi igcina izinga lokushisa lisezingeni elifanayo ngokuvula/ukuvala i-AC noma i-heater, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, i-pituitary gland iqapha njalo amazinga ama-hormone emzimbeni wethu futhi ithumela izimpawu kwezinye izindlala ukuze zikhiphe ama-hormone adingekayo ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ngakho-ke iyini le hyperpituitarism?
Kalula nje, i-Hyperpituitarism yilapho i-pituitary gland eshiwo ngenhla iba matasa kakhulu, ikhipha ama-hormone amaningi egazini lethu kunokudingekile. Kufana nomphathi enkampanini osebenza kakhulu futhi ochitha yonke into.
Esikhathini esiningi, okungukuthi, cishe ama-99% esikhathi, imbangela iba yisisu esincane, esingesona umdlavuza (esingesihle). Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-pituitary adenoma . Lesi simila sivuselela indlala futhi sibangele ukuthi ikhiqize amahomoni amaningi kunalokho okufanele.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimila azinawo umdlavuza, kodwa ama-hormone engeziwe eziwakhiqizayo angaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene emizimbeni yethu.
Ama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland kanye nemisebenzi yawo
Kunezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-pituitary gland. Ingxenye ngayinye ikhipha ama-hormone ahlukene. Ake sibheke ukuthi ayini nokuthi kwenzekani kuzo.
| I-hormone | Okufanele ukwenze nje |
|---|---|
| I-Anterior Lobe | |
| I-hormone ye-Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) | Izindlala zethu ze-adrenal ziyakhuthazwa futhi zikhiqize i-hormone i- cortisol, esisiza ukubhekana nokucindezeleka. |
| I-hormone yokukhula (GH) | Ilawula ukukhula, ukwakheka kwe-metabolism, kanye nokwakheka komzimba (amafutha, imisipha) yezingane ikakhulukazi. |
| I-hormone ekhuthaza i-thyroid (TSH) | Kusiza indlala yegilo ukukhiqiza amahomoni egilo, alawula amazinga amandla emizimba yethu. |
| Ama-Gonadotropin (LH kanye ne-FSH) | Ivuselela ama-ovari kwabesifazane kanye nama-testicles kwabesilisa, ikhiqize ama-hormone ocansi adingekayo ekuzaleni. |
| I-Prolactin | Kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kobisi lwebele ngemva kokubeletha. |
| I-Lobe Yangemuva | |
| I-hormone yokulwa nokukhipha isisu (i-ADH) | Ilawula ibhalansi yamanzi kanye ne-electrolyte yomzimba. |
| I-Oxytocin | Ilawula ukufinyela kwesibeletho kanye nokukhishwa kobisi lwebele ngesikhathi sokubeletha. |
Izifo ezingabangelwa yi-pituitary gland esebenza ngokweqile
Isimo sesifo esenzekayo siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi iyiphi i-hormone ekhiqizwa ngokweqile yi-pituitary gland. Ake sibheke izimo eziyinhloko ezibonwayo.
- I-Cushing's Syndrome: Uma i-hormone ye-ACTH ikhiqizwa ngokweqile, izinga le-cortisol emizimbeni yethu liyanda kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Cushing's Syndrome.
- I-Acromegaly: Lesi simo senzeka lapho i-hormone yokukhula (GH) ikhiqizwa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sobudala. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amathambo ezandla, izinyawo, nobuso akhule ngendlela engavamile. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sobuntwana, kubizwa ngokuthi i-gigantism .
- I-Hyperthyroidism: Uma kukhiqizwa i-TSH eningi kakhulu (lokhu kuyinto engavamile), indlala ye-thyroid iba matasa kakhulu futhi i-metabolism yomzimba ishesha.
- I-Prolactinoma: Isimila (i-adenoma) emaseli akhiqiza i-hormone i-prolactin sibangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yokuzala.
Ziyini izimpawu zalezi zifo?
Izimpawu ezihambisana nalezi zimo zihlukile. Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Izimpawu ezivamile |
|---|---|
| I-Cushing's Syndrome |
|
| I-Acromegaly | |
| I-Hyperthyroidism | |
| I-Prolactinoma |
Lesi simo sibathinta kanjani abantwana?
I-Hyperpituitarism ayivamile ezinganeni. Uma kwenzeka, ivame ukubangelwa yi-adenoma encane ye-pituitary. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila ezinganeni isimila esikhiqiza i-prolactin (ama-Prolactinoma).
- Kwamantombazane: Ukuthomba okulibazisekile, ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini (i-amenorrhea), kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwesibeletho kungase kwenzeke.
- Abafana: Izimila ezinkulu (ama-macroprolactinoma) zinamathuba amaningi okuthi zikhule. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimila zikhulu, zingacindezela imizwa ebuchosheni, zibangele ikhanda elibuhlungu nezinkinga zokubona. Zingabangela nezinkinga zokuthomba ezibambezelekile kanye nokukhula.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma usitshela ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela uzoqala akuhlole ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo: Lokhu kuzokala amazinga ama-hormone egazini lakho futhi mhlawumbe nomchamo. Isibonelo, kuzohlola amazinga akho e-prolactin, i-cortisol, kanye ne-growth hormone.
2. Ama-Scane Okuthatha Izithombe:Uma kutholakala ukungalingani emazingeni ama-hormone, kwenziwa iskeni ukuze kuhlolwe isimila se-pituitary. Iskeni esivame kakhulu esisetshenziswa kulokhu iskeni se -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Kumuntu ongakwazi ukwenza i-MRI (isibonelo, umuntu one-pacemaker), iskeni se -CT (Computed Tomography) singenziwa.
3. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile izimo ezifana ne-Cushing's syndrome, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile, njengokulinganisa amazinga e-cortisol yamathe, kungadingeka.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelashwa kwalesi simo kuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo lwesimo onaso, ubukhulu besimila, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
1. Imithi
Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kokuqala kuba imithi. Le mithi isetshenziselwa:
- Ukulawula amazinga ama-hormone.
- Ngezinye izikhathi kunciphisa usayizi wesimila.
- Imithi iyasebenza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kwi-prolactinoma. Abantu abangaphezu kuka-80% babuyela emazingeni ajwayelekile ama-hormone.
2. Ukuhlinzwa
Uma imithi ingakwazi ukulawula isimila, noma uma isimila sesikhule ngokwanele ukuthi sithinte umbono, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukususa isimila ngokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlinzwa okuvamile kakhulu kubizwa ngokuthi i-transsphenoidal adenomectomy . Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza i-incision encane ngekhala noma ngaphakathi kodebe olungaphezulu ukuze kufinyelelwe indlala ye-pituitary bese kususwa isimila ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuchopho.
- Uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi, izinga lempumelelo lingaphezu kuka-80%.
3. Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusetshenziswa uma ingxenye yesimila isele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, noma uma ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki.
- Lokhu kuhilela ukuqondisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu esimila bese kubhubhisa lawo maseli.
- Izindlela zesimanje ezifana nokwelashwa nge-stereotactic zinganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo ezizungezile.
Kungenzeka yini ukuba nempilo enhle uma unalesi simo?
Yebo, impela. Izimo eziningi ezibangelwa yi-hyperpituitarism zingaphathwa kahle ngemithi kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu bese ulandela ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe ngqo. Ezinye izimo zingadinga imithi yesikhathi eside noma ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo enempilo, ejabulisayo, nejwayelekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indlala ye-pituitary ifana "nomphathi" wesimiso samahomoni emizimbeni yethu. Ilawula izinto eziningi.
- I-Hyperpituitarism yilapho le ndlala isebenza ngokweqile. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa isimila esincane esingesona umdlavuza.
- Khuthazeka uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingazelelwe, ezingachazeki ekubukekeni komzimba wakho, isisindo, isikhumba, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, noma ukusebenza kocansi.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ungacabangi nje ukuthi, “Lezi izinto ezivamile,” kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
- Kunemithi, ukuhlinzwa, kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha lezi zimo eziphumelela kakhulu. Uma zisheshe zitholakale, kulula ukuzelapha.
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