Uma ukuphefumula kunzima kancane, lapho isifuba sizwakala siqinile, noma lapho othile ehlaselwa yi-asthma, i-inhaler ifana nomngane omkhulu. Kodwa abanye abantu bayesaba ukusebenzisa i-inhaler, abanye banamahloni. Eqinisweni, i-inhaler iyithuluzi lezokwelapha eliwusizo kakhulu elisiza ekusindiseni izimpilo zethu futhi lilawule ubunzima bokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sithole izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo mayelana nale i-inhaler.
Kalula nje, iyini i-inhaler?
I-inhaler iyithuluzi elincane ongalibamba ngesandla sakho. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukuhambisa imithi ngqo emaphashini akho. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale mithi ukuvula imigudu yakho yomoya evalekile nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho. Ingafika njengempuphu eyomile, isifutho somthamo olinganisiwe, noma inkungu ethambile.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-inhaler ne-nebulizer?
Nakuba zombili lezi ziletha umuthi emaphashini, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Cabanga ngakho, i-inhaler yinto ongayithatha noma kuphi, incane, futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Kodwa i-nebulizer inkulu kancane, futhi idinga ugesi noma amabhethri. Ake sibheke lo mehluko ngokucacile.
| Isici | I-inhaler | I-Nebulizer |
|---|---|---|
| Usayizi kanye nokuphatheka kalula | Incane, iyaphatheka. | Inkulu, ngokuvamile ifanele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya noma esibhedlela. |
| Amandla | Akukho ugesi noma amabhethri adingekayo. | Isebenza ngogesi noma ngebhethri. |
| Indlela yokuphatha | Inikeza umthamo womuthi ngokushesha, ngokuphefumula okukodwa noma okubili. | Umuthi ulethwa ngemaski noma nge-mouthpiece isikhathi esingangemizuzu embalwa. |
Ubani okufanele asebenzise i-inhaler?
Ama-inhalers avame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abanezifo zamaphaphu zesikhathi eside njenge -asthma kanye nesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) . Lapha sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-inhalers:
1. Ama-Prevent/Controller Inhalers: Lawa asetshenziswa nsuku zonke ukuvimbela izimpawu ukuthi zingaveli futhi alawule lesi sifo.
2. Ama-Reliever/Rescue Inhalers: Lawa asetshenziselwa ukunikeza impumuzo ngokushesha uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma noma lapho isimo sakho se-COPD siba sibi kakhulu, okungukuthi, lapho ngokuzumayo uba nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi noma ungenayo i-asthma, udokotela wakho angase akunike i-inhaler yezinye izifo zokuphefumula, njenge-bronchitis. Kodwa-ke, akufanele usebenzise i-inhaler enikezwe omunye umuntu.
Izinhlobo ze-inhaler kanye nemithi eziqukethe
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamadivayisi okuphefumula kanye nemithi aqukethe wona. Ake sibheke ngayinye ngokwehlukana.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamadivayisi e-inhaler
- Ama-inhalers Omthamo Olinganiselwe (i-MDI): Lawa uhlobo "lokubhoboza" esilujwayele sonke. Aqukethe imithi ebhodleleni elicindezelwe. Uma ucindezela lokhu, kukhishwa umthamo othize wemithi.
- Ama-Dry Powder Inhalers (DPI): Lawa aqukethe umuthi osesimweni sempuphu. Umuthi ulethwa emaphashini akho uma uphefumula ngokujulile nangokushesha.
- Ama-Soft Mist Inhalers: Lawa aguqula umuthi owuketshezi ube yinkungu encane kakhulu bese ewuyisa emaphashini.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi equkethwe kuma-inhaler
Ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo zemithi, imisebenzi yazo, kanye nezibonelo kuleli thebula.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Izimo zokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-Bronchodilator Asebenza Kafushane (SABA/SAMA) | Kukhulula imisipha yendlela yokuphefumula futhi kunikeze impumuzo esheshayo. | Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo (i-Rescue Inhaler). Isibonelo: i-Albuterol |
| Ama-Corticosteroids Aphefumulayo (ICS) | Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini. | Ukulawula lesi sifo isikhathi eside (Umnqandi). Isibonelo: i-Budesonide |
| Ama-Bronchodilator Asebenza Isikhathi Eside (LABA/LAMA) | Ukugcina indlela yokungena ivulekile amahora angu-12-24. | Ukulawula izimpawu zansuku zonke (hhayi ezimweni eziphuthumayo). Isibonelo: iSalmeterol |
| Imithi Ehlanganisiwe | Imithi emibili noma emithathu engenhla ihlanganiswa ndawonye. | Ukuze kulawulwe kangcono. Isibonelo: i-Fluticasone/i-Salmeterol (i-Advair®) |
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-inhaler ngendlela efanele?
Ukuze uthole okuningi nge-inhaler yakho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle. Kunomehluko omncane phakathi kohlobo ngalunye lwe-inhaler, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi ucela udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe ukuthi akubonise ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi akubonise ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani.
Nazi izinyathelo ezijwayelekile:
1. Ukulungiselela: Susa isivalo ku-inhaler. Uma kuyi-MDI, yishukumise kahle. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-DPI zidinga ukuthi ulayishe umthamo.
2. Khipha umoya: Phefumula umoya omningi ngangokunokwenzeka emaphashini akho.
3. Ukubeka i-inhaler emlonyeni wakho: Bamba umlomo we-inhaler uqine phakathi kwezindebe zakho.
4. Ukuthatha umuthi ngaphakathi:
- Nge-MDI (i-puffer): Cindezela i-canister ngenkathi uphefumula kancane. Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-"spacer" ukuze kube lula lokhu. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Ukuze uthole i-DPI (impuphu): Phefumula ngokushesha nangokujulile. Uphefumula le mpuphu ngokuphefumula kwakho.
5. Ukubamba umoya: Ngemva kokuthatha umuthi, bamba umoya wakho cishe imizuzwana eyi-10 uma kungenzeka. Lokhu kunikeza umuthi isikhathi sokufinyelela emaphashini ngendlela efanele.
6. Hlanza umlomo wakho (kubaluleke kakhulu!): Uma usebenzisa i-inhaler equkethe ama-steroids (ICS), hlanza umlomo wakho kahle ngamanzi ngemva kokuwusebenzisa bese uwukhafula. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukwakheka kwe-thrush emlonyeni wakho.
Izingozi nezinto okufanele uziqaphele
Nakuba ama-inhaler ewumuthi ophephile kakhulu, kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzazi.
- Kuyingozi ukusebenzisa i-inhaler ye-bronchodilator (LABA) esebenza isikhathi eside kuphela nge-asthma ngaphandle kwe-inhaler ye-steroid (ICS).
- Kungase kube nengozi eyengeziwe kancane yokuba ne-pneumonia uma usebenzisa ama-inhaler e-ICS e-COPD. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Izikhathi eziningi, izingozi zivela ngokusebenzisa i-inhaler ngendlela engafanele , ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda indlela efanele.
- Uma uzibuza ukuthi, "Zingaki izifutho ze-inhaler yakho eziningi kakhulu?", impendulo ithi , "Ungasebenzisi okungaphezu kwesilinganiso udokotela wakho akunike sona." Uma uzizwa sengathi awutholi umthamo owanele wesidakamizwa esinqunyiwe, kungasho ukuthi isimo sakho asilawulwa kahle. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma izimpawu zakho zingalawulwa kahle, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Zingaki lezo zikhathi?
- Uma udinga ukusebenzisa i-'Rescue Inhaler' yakho ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngesonto.
- Uma uvuka ebusuku ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Uma ukuthola kunzima ukusebenzisa i-inhaler oyinikeziwe.
- Uma umuthi ungaziqedi izimpawu.
Ungesabi noma ungabi namahloni okuxoxa ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho. Mhlawumbe uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-inhaler noma umuthi ohlukile kungaba ngcono kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-inhalers ayimithi ephephile kakhulu futhi esebenza kahle uma esetshenziswa kahle. Ungawesabi.
- Uma unikezwe izinhlobo ezimbili ze-inhaler (i-Preventer kanye ne-Reliever), yazi umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili nokuthi uzisebenzise nini.
- Cela udokotela wakho njalo ukuthi akuchazele indlela efanele yokusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho.
- Ngemva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler equkethe ama-steroid (ICS), qiniseka ukuthi uyageza umlomo wakho bese ukhafula amanzi.
- Uma unomuzwa wokuthi izimpawu zakho azilawulwa, ungashintshi umthamo wemithi yakho wedwa, kodwa bona udokotela wakho.
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