Uke wezwa ngalo mdlavuza ongavamile okhula ngaphakathi kweso? (Intraocular Melanoma) Ake sixoxe!

Wake wezwa ukuthi umdlavuza ungakhula ngaphakathi kweso? Mhlawumbe uke wabona ushintsho oluncane embonweni wakho, noma into efana nebala elimnyama ngaphakathi kweso lakho. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza ongahlotshaniswa nento efana naleyo, kodwa engavamile kakhulu, okungukuthi, engavamile ukubonwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Intraocular Melanoma . Ungakhathazeki, ake sichaze konke ngalokhu kalula.

Iyini le melanoma yangaphakathi kweso?

Kalula nje, i-Intraocular Melanoma umdlavuza okhula ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu. Kukhona uhlobo lweseli olunikeza amehlo ethu umbala, olubizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocytes . Lo mdlavuza ukhula lapho la maseli eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki nangokudlulele. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukushintsha kombono, ukulahlekelwa umbono, noma ngisho nokulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele .

Lokhu kwenzeka kuphi esweni? (Funda nge-Uvea)

I-Intraocular Melanoma ivame ukwakheka engxenyeni ephakathi yeso. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-uvea . Cabanga ukuthi iso lifana nebhola elincane. Ingxenye emhlophe engaphandle ibizwa ngokuthi i-sclera . Ingxenye engaphakathi kweso ebona ukukhanya futhi ilawule umbono yi -retina . Phakathi kwalezo ezimbili kukhona i-uvea .

I-uvea inezingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• I-Iris: Lena yingxenye yeso eliyinika umbala walo, umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nonsundu owubonile kwabanye abantu.
• Umzimba we-ciliary: Lena indandatho yemisipha ngemuva kwe-iris. Isiza ukulawula ilensi engaphakathi kweso.
• I-Choroid: Lolu ulwelwesi oluqukethe imithambo yegazi eminingi enikeza iso umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba.

Ngokuvamile, i-melanoma iqala ku -choroid . Ngezinye izikhathi, lo mdlavuza ungasakazeka (usakazeke) usuka ngaphakathi kweso uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Indawo evame kakhulu yokusakazeka yisibindi .

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso kanye ne-melanoma yesikhumba kuyizifo ezimbili ezihlukene. Nakuba uhlobo lweseli lufana, lezi yizifo ezimbili ezihlukene.

Ingabe lokhu kungabangela ngempela ukulahlekelwa umbono?

Yebo, abanye abantu abane-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso bangaba nezinkinga zokubona. Ubukhulu bokulahlekelwa umbono buxhomeke kubukhulu besimila nokuthi sesihlale isikhathi esingakanani esweni. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-melanoma esibe khona isikhathi eside ingabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuyiqaphela kusenesikhathi.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo? (Izici eziyingozi)

Kunezici ezithile eziyingozi ezingathinta ukukhula kwe-melanoma esweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abanalezi zinto banamathuba amancane okuthola lesi sifo kunabanye.

• Kulabo abanesikhumba esikhanyayo: Okusho ukuthi, labo abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, amehlo, nombala wezinwele.
• Amehlo anombala okhanyayo noma isikhumba esinombala okhanyayo.
• Ukuba phakathi kweminyaka engu-70 no-80 ubudala: Le ngozi iyanda kancane njengoba ukhula.
• Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-Uveal Melanoma ngaphambili: Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.

Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu ngempela?

I-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu oluvela ngaphakathi kweso kubantu abadala, kodwa ngokuvamile luwumdlavuza ongavamile kakhulu . Isibonelo, ezweni elifana ne-United States, cishe amacala amasha angu-2,500 kuphela alesi sifo atholakala minyaka yonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akusona isifo esithinta wonke umuntu.

Kungani i-melanoma ikhula ngaphakathi kweso? (Izimbangela)

Izakhi zofuzo zethu zitshela amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu ukuthi ahlukane kanjani nokuthi asebenze kanjani. Lezi zakhi zofuzo zakhiwe yi -DNA . Cabanga nje, uma kukhona ukuguquka , okungukuthi, ushintsho, kulesi sakhi sofuzo, kungathumela imiyalelo engalungile kumaseli. Yilapho amangqamuzana ehlukana khona ngokungalawuleki, okuholela kumdlavuza.

Kwenzeka into efanayo ku-melanoma engaphakathi kweso. Ama-melanocyte, esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili, angaphakathi kweso, athola imiyalelo engalungile evela kuzakhi zawo zofuzo. Bese lawo maseli anda kakhulu futhi akhe izimila ezinomdlavuza .

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? (Izinto okufanele uzikhathalele)

Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe une-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso, ingase ingakhombisi zimpawu . Noma, ngenxa yokuthi umdlavuza ungaphakathi kweso, lapho singenakuwubona khona ngaphandle, kungaba nzima ukubona izimpawu.

Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ungase ubone izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Izindawo ezingaboni kahle noma indawo engaboni kahle: Kufana nokuthi awukwazi ukubona izindawo ezithile uma ubheka.
• Ukubona okufiphele noma okuphansi.
• Izinguquko endaweni yeso: Iso libonakala sengathi lishone noma liphumile.
• Izinguquko ngobukhulu noma ukuma kwebala elimnyama phakathi kweso (umfundi).
• Indawo emnyama embotsheni yeso.
• Ukufuduka kwelensi ngaphakathi kweso: Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi uma kukhona i-melanoma emzimbeni we-ciliary .
• Ukubona okukabili.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo.
• Ama-floaters noma ukukhanya. Cabanga nje, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuzumayo ubona ichashazi elimnyama noma into efana nebhola lentambo intanta phambi kwamehlo akho, akunjalo? Kanjalo.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal: Lokhu kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona i-melanoma ku -choroid .

Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza ngesimo sakho bese ethatha umlando wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo . Lokhu kuzohlola umbono wakho bese kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile ukubheka ngaphakathi kweso lakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, amaconsi amehlo akhethekile angasetshenziswa ukukhulisa i-pupil ephakathi kweso lakho. Lokhu kuzovumela udokotela ukuthi abone izakhiwo ezingemuva kweso lakho ngokucacile.

Ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa futhi:

• I-Angiography: Lokhu kuhlola ukuvinjelwa noma ukuvuza emithanjeni yegazi ku -choroid .
• I-Ultrasound: Lokhu kungalinganisa ubukhulu bezakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweso bese kubheka amathumba. Kufana nokuskena okubheka umntwana osesibelethweni.

Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi lokhu kuyi-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso, angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwezithombe noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza. Okusho ukuthi, ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke ngaphandle kweso yini kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Uma ungenazo izimpawu zesimila esingaphakathi kweso lakho, umbono wakho awuthinteki, futhi isimila sincane (singaphansi kwamamilimitha angu-2.5 ubukhulu), ungase ungadingi ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha . Udokotela wakho angase akuncome okuthile okubizwa ngokuthi " ukulinda ngokuqapha ." Lokhu kusho ukulinda isikhashana ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kuyilapho uqapha njalo isimila ukuze ubone ukuthi siyakhula yini.

Kodwa-ke, uma udinga ukwelashwa, ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ukuhlinzwa . Ukwelashwa okufanele kuzoncika ezintweni ezifana nalezi:

• Lapho kukhona khona isimila.
• Ubukhulu kanye nobukhulu besimila.
• Ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele yini kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Iminyaka yakho kanye nempilo yakho jikelele.

Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa kwe-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso:

• Ukususwa Kwangaphandle: Kulokhu, isimila somdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezisizungezile kususwa ngaphandle kweso ngaphakathi.
• Ukususwa okuphelele kweso (i-Enucleation):Kulokhu, iso kanye nengxenye yenzwa ye-optic kuyasuswa.

Zonke lezi zinqubo zokuhlinzwa zinengozi ethile yokulahlekelwa umbono. Nakuba iso lokufakelwa lingafakwa ngemva kokukhipha i-nucleoid, iso ngeke linikeze umbono.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ngemisebe?

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuyindlela yokubhubhisa izimila ezinomdlavuza kusetshenziswa imithamo ephezulu yemisebe. Kuye ngobukhulu nendawo yesimila sakho, udokotela wakho angase asikisele okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle: Kulokhu, imisebe yemisebe iqondiswa esimila esivela ngaphandle komzimba. Amasu akhethekile, njengemisebe ye-proton beam, angahlasela isimila ngokunembile, anciphise umonakalo esweni nasezicubu zobuchopho ezizungezile.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphakathi: Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka "imbewu" enemisebe ngaphakathi kweso, eduze kwesimila. Odokotela babiza le ndlela ngokuthi ukwelashwa nge-radioactive plaque . Lezi "mbewu" zingaphakathi kwediski yensimbi (i-Plaque/Disk). Lokhu kuvimbela imisebe ukuthi ingonakalisi ezinye izingxenye zeso.

Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?

Kunezinye izindlela eziningana zokwelapha:

• Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kwe-Transpupillary (TTT): Lokhu kusebenzisa ukushisa okuvela emisebeni ye-laser ukubhubhisa isimila.
• Ukususwa kwe-Endore: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa isimila ngaphakathi kweso ngokuhlinzwa.

Angakanani amathuba okululama uma uhlaselwa yilesi sifo? (Outlook)

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-40% no-50% wabantu abane-melanoma yangaphakathi kweso bazosabalala baye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kulezo zimo, cishe u-90% uzosabalala esibindini . Ama-melanoma akhula emzimbeni we-choroid kanye ne-ciliary cishe azosabalala kakhulu kunama-melanoma akhula ku -iris .

Kodwa khumbula, njengazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza, uma lokhu kutholakala ngokushesha futhi ukwelashwa kuqala, amathuba okwelashwa ayanda.

Singakuvimbela yini lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki?

Eqinisweni, asikwazi ukulawula izici eziningi eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-melanoma yangaphakathi kwamehlo, njengobudala nombala wesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wamehlo njalo bese uhlola amehlo akho. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma kunenkinga, ingatholakala kusenesikhathi.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma nginalesi simo?

Uma udokotela ethi unalesi simo,Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana naye futhi uqaphe isimo eduze. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi uhlolwe izithombe zesibindi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini. Ungakhathazeki, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza zonke izeluleko ozidingayo.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?

Uma une-melanoma yangaphakathi kwe-ocular, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nalokhu:

• Ingakanani isithelo?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele mina?
• Ingabe ukwelashwa kuzothinta umbono wami?
• Ingabe kukhona izivivinyo zemitholampilo engingahlanganyela kuzo?
• Ingabe umdlavuza ungabuya ngemva kokwelashwa?

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-Intraocular Melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza oluthinta amangqamuzana angaphakathi kweso, ikakhulukazi i-uvea . Izimpawu zingafaka phakathi ukulahlekelwa umbono kanye nokushintsha kokubukeka kweso. Kungasakazeka nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengesibindi. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nokuhlinzwa yizindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko. Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esingavamile kakhulu, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, nakekela amehlo akho futhi ungakhohlwa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo.

I- Melanoma Yangaphakathi Kweso, Umdlavuza Wamehlo, I-Melanoma Ye-Uveal, Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Wamehlo, Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamehlo, Ukulahlekelwa Ukubona