Ake sifunde ngohlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele: I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC)?

Ubuwazi ukuthi umdlavuza webele uvame kakhulu kwabesifazane? Phakathi kwabo, kukhona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, oluthinta cishe abesifazane abayisishiyagalombili kwabayishumi abathola umdlavuza webele. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi i-invasive ductal carcinoma, noma i-IDC ngamafuphi. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele olungakhula hhayi kwabesifazane kuphela, kodwa nakubantu besilisa. Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma kabanzi ngokuthi lesi simo sibathinta kanjani abesifazane.

Ngakho-ke iyini i-invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)?

Kalula nje, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza, olubizwa ngokuthi i-IDC, luqala emaseli angaphakathi kwemisele yobisi emabeleni akho. Kufana nesitshalo esincane esikhula. Igama elithi "invasive" lisho "ukuhlasela." Lokho kusho ukuthi la maseli omdlavuza awagcini nje ngaphakathi kwemisele yobisi, kodwa futhi aqala ukusabalala kuwo aye ezicutshini zebele ezizungezile. Cabanga ngakho njengezimpande ezincane ezihambahambayo. Ukusuka lapho, angasabalala kakhulu , aye egazini noma ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic , ngisho nasezindaweni ezikude zomzimba.

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bayibiza ngokuthi ``Ductal Carcinoma'' noma ``Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma''. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igama lithini, lesi simo siyafana. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi, uma lo mdlavuza utholakala ngaphambi kokuba usakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ungelapheka ngokuphelele . Yingakho sihlala sikhuluma ngokuhlolwa kwamabele.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-IDC?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-IDC. Lawa ahlukaniswa ngokwesimo sama-hormone receptor amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ama-receptor angama-molecule amaprotheni atholakala ngaphakathi noma ebusweni bamaseli. Lawa angabamba izinto ezithile egazini, njenge-hormone efana ne -estrogen ne -progesterone . Lawa ma-hormone asiza amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuba akhule. Ngakho-ke, ngokwazi ukuthi umdlavuza unala ma-hormone receptor noma cha, odokotela banganquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-IDC ezibonwayo yilezi:

• Umdlavuza webele onemiphumela emithathu : Lolu hlobo alunawo ama-receptor e-estrogen noma e-progesterone, futhi alunawo amaprotheni e-HER2.
• Umdlavuza webele one-HER2 (HER2+) : Lawa maseli omdlavuza akhiqiza iphrotheni eningi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-HER2.
• Umdlavuza webele one-ER-positive (ER+) : Lokhu kuzwela kakhulu ku-hormone i-estrogen.
• Umdlavuza webele one-PR (PR+) : Lokhu kuzwela kakhulu ku-progesterone ye-hormone.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-IDC? Sizibona kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, ngaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu,I-IDC ingatholakala nge-mammogram ngesikhathi esifanele. Yingakho lezi zivivinyo zibalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingavela. Uma lokho kwenzeka, qaphela okulandelayo:

• Ushintsho ngobukhulu, ukuma, noma ukuma kwebele .
• Ukuzwa iqhubu noma ukukhula ebeleni noma ekhwapheni . Lokhu kungaba kuncane njengephizi. Leli qhubu kungenzeka lingabi khona phakathi nomjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini wanyanga zonke.
• Ushintsho ekubukekeni noma ekubunjweni kwesikhumba sebele noma ingono. Isikhumba singase sibonakale sicwile, sishwabene, sinezimbobo, noma sibomvu futhi sivuvukele.
• Ukuzwa indawo eqinile ngaphansi kwesikhumba, njengemabula .
• Uketshezi olunegazi noma olucacile oluphuma engonweni .

Uma ubona into efana nale, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukungesabi bese ubona udokotela .

Kungani le-IDC yenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Kodwa-ke, bakholelwa ukuthi imikhuba ethile kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kungandisa ingozi yokuthola i-IDC. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini:

• Ukubhema.
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Njengoba ngithole ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesifuba ngaphambilini.
• Ukuqala komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ngaphambi noma kamuva kunokuvamile.
• Ukuthola abantwana sekwephuzile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinguquko zofuzo ezizuzwe njengefa zingandisa ingozi yokuba ne-IDC. Okusho ukuthi, ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezingavamile ozizuza kubazali bakho.

Ingabe lesi simo singadala ezinye izinkinga?

Yebo, umdlavuza we-IDC ungasakazeka (usakazeke) uye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba . Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi usakazeke ezithweni ezifana nesibindi , amaphaphu , amathambo kanye nobuchopho . Yingakho ukutholakala nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-IDC?

Okokuqala, udokotela uzokuhlola ngokomzimba . Bazohlola amaqhubu emabeleni akho kanye nama-lymph node avuvukele emakhwapheni akho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangase bacele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI yebele.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yebele.
• Ukuhlolwa kwebele. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inomdlavuza noma cha.

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo, udokotela wezifo zomdlavuzaFuthi ithimba lakhe lizokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele kakhulu kuwe. Bazohlonza isigaba somdlavuza kanye nebanga lawo .

Ziyini "Izigaba" ze-IDC?

Isigaba somdlavuza sinqunywa yizici ezifana nendawo kanye nosayizi wesimila. Kunezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko ze-IDC:

• Isigaba 0: Umdlavuza utholakala kuphela emigudwini yobisi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-noninvasive ductal carcinoma in situ . Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukakahlaseli.
• Isigaba I (1): Umdlavuza ususakazeke ngale kwemisele yobisi uye ezicutshini zebele, kodwa awusakazekanga uye ezicutshini ze-lymph. Ngezinye izikhathi, umdlavuza ungase ube sezicutshini ze-lymph kodwa ungabi sezicutshini zebele ezizungezile.
• Isigaba II (2): Unesimila esincane esisabalele ku-lymph node eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Noma, unesimila esikhulu esingasabalele ku-lymph node.
• Isigaba III (3): Umdlavuza ususabalale kuma-lymph node angaphezu kwamathathu. Umdlavuza obangela ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba sesifuba nawo uwela kulesi sigaba.
• Isigaba IV (4): Umdlavuza we-IDC ususakazekele kwezinye izitho zomzimba, njengesibindi, amaphaphu, ubuchopho, noma udonga lwesifuba. Kungenzeka ukuthi ususakazekele nasemathanjeni noma kuma-lymph node ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-metastatic .

Ayini "amamaki" ku-IDC?

Izinga lamaseli omdlavuza linqunywa ukuthi afana noma ahluke kangakanani kumaseli avamile uma ebhekwa ngesibonakhulu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa odokotela bezifo . Bahlola izingxenye ezintathu zeseli bese benika ingxenye ngayinye izinga. Ngezinye izikhathi, kusetshenziswa amagama athi "ahlukaniswe kahle," "ahlukaniswe ngokulingene," noma "ahlukaniswe kabi" esikhundleni senombolo. Amamaki amathathu ayinhloko yilawa:

• Ibanga 1 (elihlukaniswe kahle): Amaseli omdlavuza akhula kancane futhi afana kakhulu namaseli avamile ebele.
• Ibanga lesi-2 (elihlukaniswe ngokulingene): Amaseli akhula ngokushesha kunebanga loku-1 futhi afana namaseli omdlavuza kakhulu kunamaseli avamile.
• Ibanga lesi-3 (elingahlukanisiwe kahle): Amaseli ahluke kakhulu kumaseli ajwayelekile futhi kungenzeka akhule futhi asakazeke ngokushesha kunebanga loku-1 nelesi-2.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-IDC?

Izinketho zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo sakho, isigaba somdlavuza, kanye nezintandokazi zakho. Ukwelashwa kwe-IDC kungafaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele: Uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa, kungaba ukususwa kweqhubu (ukususwa kweqhubu kuphela) noma ukususwa kweqhubu (ukususwa kwebele lonke) . Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwebele kungenziwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa.Ungakwena lokhu.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kunganikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe isimila noma kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni lapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona (Isigaba IV - i-metastatic), lokhu kungaba ukwelashwa okuyinhloko.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kwelashwa kunganikezwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokukhetha uma ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki ngenxa yobukhulu noma indawo yesimila.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Lokhu kwelashwa komdlavuza kuqondiswe ezinguqukweni zofuzo eziguqula amangqamuzana anempilo abe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Amaseli omdlavuza adinga ama-hormone ukuze akhule futhi ande. Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kusebenza ngokunqamula lokho kufinyelela.
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy: Lokhu kusiza amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthola nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe, ngakho-ke vuleka futhi uthembeke kubo ngakho konke.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Yebo, njengazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, kunemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Uma uhlinzwa, kuvamile ukuba nobuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Odokotela bangase bahlanganise ezinye izindlela zokwelapha nokuhlinzwa. Imiphumela emibi evamile ye-chemotherapy kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe ihlanganisa ukukhathala , isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza .

Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe kanye nokwelashwa nge-immunotherapy nakho kungabangela izinkinga zesisu, njengokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo. Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngama-hormone ingafaka ukushisa , ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokuncipha kwesifiso sobulili .

Wonke umuntu usabela ngendlela ehlukile ekwelashweni. Uma uthola ukwelashwa, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kuzokuthinta kanjani wena kanye nokuphila kwakho kwansuku zonke. Futhi, buza ngokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu . Ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu kukusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zomdlavuza webele kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa, okukusiza ukuthi ukhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ingabe i-IDC ingavinjelwa?

Nakuba kungenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola i-IDC:

• Thola ama-mammogram ngesikhathi. Uma ungowesifazane futhi unomlando womndeni womdlavuza webele, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele yini uqale ukuthola ama-mammogram ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunabanye.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okuzokusiza ukuthi ugcine isisindo sakho siphilile futhi sikufanela.
• Gwema ukubhema.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza utshwala kube yisiphuzo esisodwa ngosuku., noma uyeke ngokuphelele.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa okungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi unezinguquko zofuzo ezandisa ingozi yakho yomdlavuza webele.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani nomdlavuza webele oyingozi?

Amazinga okusinda kulolu hlobo lomdlavuza ayizilinganiso ezisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abake baba nalesi sifo. Izinhlangano ezifana ne-National Cancer Institute ziqoqa lolu lwazi ngokusekelwe ezingeni lokusabalala kwe-IDC (endaweni, esifundeni, nakude).

Kodwa-ke, uma ucabangela lezi zibalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi ziyizilinganiso nje ezisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabanye abantu. Umdlavuza uthinta wonke umuntu ngendlela ehlukile. Uma unemibuzo ethile ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Uyazi kangcono isimo sakho, ukuze akunike ulwazi olungcono kakhulu.

Uma ngine-IDC, ngingazinakekela kanjani?

Ukuphila ne-IDC akulula. Ngezinye izinsuku, kungazwakala njengomthwalo osindayo. Cabanga ngala macebiso azokusiza ukuthi uzinakekele ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kwakho kanye nokwelashwa kwakho:

• Phumula ngokwanele. I-IDC kanye nokwelashwa kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu. Khumbula ukuphumula hhayi kuphela uma ukwazi, kodwa futhi nalapho udinga.
• Yidla kahle. Ukwelashwa kunganciphisa isifiso sakho sokudla. Ukudla okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, amaprotheni angenamafutha, kanye nokusanhlamvu okunempilo kuzokusiza uhlale unamandla ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Lawula ukucindezeleka kwakho. Umdlavuza uyinkinga enkulu yokucindezeleka. Izinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba njalo uye ezinhlelweni zokuzivocavoca ezikhethekile zingasiza.
• Thola ukwesekwa. Ubulokhu usindile kumdlavuza webele kusukela ngosuku owatholakala ngalo. Buza udokotela wakho ngezinhlelo zokusinda kumdlavuza ezingakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nezinselele zokuphila ne-IDC.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi i-IDC isakazeke kusukela emigudwini yobisi iye ezicutshini zebele, ama-lymph node aseduze, noma ezinye izingxenye zomzimba, bheka udokotela ngokushesha. Izimpawu ze-IDC esakazekile zingase zihlanganise:

• Amaqhubu amasha ebeleni.
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele ekhwapheni.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).
• Ubuhlungu bethambo.
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Ukudideka.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma uthola ukwelashwa futhi unemiphumela emibi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo. Futhi, kufaneleUma unesifo sokugodola, noma umkhuhlane ongu-100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) noma ngaphezulu , kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka futhi kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ukubuza imibuzo ukuze uqonde isimo sakho kungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ongazenza ukuze unakekele impilo yakho. Khumbula le mibuzo uma ubuza nge-IDC:

• Ikuphi ithumba?
• Ingakanani ithumba?
• Sinjani isimo se-hormone sesimila?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Ukwelashwa kuzothinta kanjani impilo yami yansuku zonke?
• Ziyini izilinganiso zezinga lokusinda?

Yiluphi uhlobo lomdlavuza webele olunamandla kakhulu?

Uhlobo lomdlavuza webele olunolaka kakhulu umdlavuza webele osakazeka kabanzi , okusho ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke usuka ezicutshini zebele waya ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba.

Iyini i-triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma?

Cishe u-15% wazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele une-triple-negative. Kulezi zimo, amangqamuzana omdlavuza awanawo ama-receptor e-estrogen noma e-progesterone. Awenzi futhi iphrotheni eningi ebizwa ngokuthi i-HER2. I-triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma ikhula futhi isakazeke ngokushesha kunezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwalolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele yi-chemotherapy. Ezinye iziguli nazo zithola i-chemotherapy kanye ne-immunotherapy.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uma uthola umdlavuza webele, kunethuba eliyisishiyagalombili kweyishumi lokuthi uzoba yi -invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) . Lokhu kuqala odongeni lwemibhobho yobisi ebeleni. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngenxa yokuhlolwa komdlavuza webele, abesifazane abangaphezu kwengxenye batholakala bene-IDC ngaphambi kokuba isakazeke. Ngenxa yokutholakala kusenesikhathi, odokotela bavame ukwelapha i-IDC engakasabalali. Yingakho ukuhlolwa komdlavuza webele kubaluleke kangaka.

Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuthuthukisa i-IDC, khuluma nodokotela. Bazohlola isimo sakho futhi batuse izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezifanele wena. Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu. Ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha kungasindisa impilo yakho.

I- IDC, umdlavuza webele, i-invasive ductal carcinoma, izimpawu zomdlavuza webele, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, i-mammogram, impilo yabesifazane