Wake wawabuka amehlo akho esibukweni? Uma uwabuka, ubona ukuthi kukhona ingxenye eyindilinga enikeza amehlo akho umbala omuhle. Abanye abantu banombala onsundu omnyama, abanye banombala onsundu okhanyayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Leyo ngxenye enombala yilokho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi 'iris'. Kufana nomunwe wakho. Kuhlukile kuwe. Akekho omunye emhlabeni onombala wamehlo ofanayo.
Uyini umsebenzi wangempela we-iris?
Kalula nje, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-iris ukulawula ukuthi kungakanani ukukhanya okungena esweni lakho. Kufana nomgodi ongaphakathi kwelensi yekhamera. Uyayibona leyo ndawo encane emnyama phakathi kweso lakho? Siyibiza ngokuthi umfundi. Ukukhanya empeleni kungena esweni lakho ngaleyo mfundi.
Ngakho-ke, imisipha ethambile kakhulu eselingini leso yiyo elawula ubukhulu bale ndandatho emnyama.
- Uma uya endaweni enelanga, ekhanyiswe kahle: Imisipha eselingini leso yenza i-iris ibe ncane ngangokunokwenzeka (ifinyele) . Bese kuba yinani lokukhanya elidingekayo kuphela elingena esweni. Ukukhanya okuningi kakhulu kudlula futhi kulimaze iso.
- Uma ungena endaweni emnyama, ekhanyayo kancane: Ilensi yeso ikhulisa (ikhulisa) iris, ivumela ukukhanya okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka esweni, ikusize ubone izinto ezikuzungezile ngokucacile.
Cabanga ungena ngaphakathi ngemva kokuba selangeni isikhashana bese uzizwa sengathi awuboni lutho, akunjalo? Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi amehlo akho ajwayele ubumnyama. Yilapho-ke i-iris yakho ikhula kancane kancane futhi ijwayele ubumnyama. Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokuthi wena uqaphele .
Kukuphi lokhu ngaphakathi kweso?
Amehlo ethu afana no-anyanisi. Akhiwe ngezingqimba eziningana. I-iris itholakala ngaphansi kwe-cornea, okuyingxenye ecacile yeso, nangaphezu kwelensi, engaphakathi kweso. Okusho ukuthi, ingxenye enemibala itholakala nxazonke kwendandatho emnyama.
Kwenziwe ngani lokhu? Umbala wamehlo unqunywa kanjani?
I-iris yakhiwe kakhulu yimisipha nemizwa. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokulawulwa yithi.
Manje ake sibheke ukuthi umbala wamehlo wakheka kanjani. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngombala wemvelo obizwa ngokuthi ``Melanin'' onikeza umbala esikhumbeni nasezinweleni zethu. Umbala wamehlo unqunywa inani lalowo mbala we-melanin kulensi yeso.
- Uma kune-melanin eningi kakhulu: amehlo aba nsundu omnyama.
- Uma i-melanin iphansi: amehlo angase abe nsundu ngokukhanyayo, aluhlaza okotshani, noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukuthi singakanani i-melanin kunqunywa izakhi zofuzo zethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uthola lezi zici kumama wakho nobaba wakho.
Yiziphi izimo ezithinta iris?
Noma yisiphi isimo esithinta iso singathinta nelensi yeso. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezivame kakhulu.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Aniridia | Ukungabikho ngokuphelele noma ingxenye yelensi yeso lapho lizalwa. |
| Isifo sikaHorner | Ukulimala kwemizwa ebusweni kungabangela izimpawu ezifana neso elincane elimnyama kanye neso eligobile. |
| I-Glaucoma | Ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kweso kungalimaza inzwa ye-optic. Lokhu kungathinta nokusebenza kwelensi yeso. |
| Ubu-Albinism | Umzimba une-melanin pigment ephansi kakhulu noma awunayo nhlobo, okwenza amehlo abe nombala okhanyayo kakhulu. |
| Ama-cataract | Ukufiphala kwelensi yeso. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo umbono. |
| I-Uveitis | Ukuvuvukala kwengqimba ephakathi yeso, okuhlanganisa nelensi. Amehlo angase abe bomvu futhi abe buhlungu. |
| I-Waardenburg syndrome | Isifo sofuzo esibangela ushintsho kumbala wamehlo, umbala wesikhumba nezinwele, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma ubona noma yini efana noshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, ubuhlungu, noma ushintsho lombala emehlweni akho, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha .
Kwenzekani uma iris yonakele?
Noma iyiphi ingozi eyenzeka esweni ingalimaza ilensi yeso. Uhlobo lomonakalo luncike ekutheni ingozi yenzeke kanjani. Ezinye izingozi ezincane zingelashwa ngokuphumula kanye nemithi yasekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingozi zingabangela umonakalo omkhulu ngisho nokulahlekelwa umbono .
Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ingozi emehlweni, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo. Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, isibonelo, uma ulahlekelwa umbono wakho ngokuzumayo noma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola iris?
Uma uya kohlolwa amehlo njalo, udokotela wamehlo uzohlola nelensi yakho. Bangase basebenzise idivayisi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Slit Lamp" ukwenza lokhu.
Uma kukhona okusolakala ngesimo sempilo, kungase kudingeke kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu ukuze kuqinisekiswe kabanzi.
| Ukuhlolwa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-MRI (Umfanekiso Wokuqabulana Kwamagnetic) | Ukusebenzisa insimu yamagnetic ukuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba. |
| I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography) | Ukuthola izithombe ezihlanganisa ingxenye yangaphakathi yeso kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-X-ray. |
| I-Ultrasound | Ukuhlola izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweso kusetshenziswa amaza omsindo. |
| I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) | Ukusebenzisa amaza okukhanya ukuthola izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane ze-retina nezinye izingxenye zeso. |
Ngakho-ke, singayinakekela kanjani kahle le ngxenye eyigugu?
Amehlo ethu ayimpahla yethu eyigugu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke landela lezi zinyathelo ezilula ukuze uvikele iso lakho lonke, okuhlanganisa nelensi.
- Gqoka izibuko zelanga: Noma nini lapho uphuma elangeni, gqoka izibuko zelanga ezinhle ezivikelwe yi-UV engu-100% noma ilebula le -UV400 . Lokhu kuzovikela amehlo akho emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) eyingozi yelanga.
- Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona ushintsho: Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, njengobuhlungu bamehlo noma ukubomvu, bona udokotela ngokushesha , kunokulinda ukubona. Kungaba yinto elula njengokushintsha izibuko zakho, noma kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesimo esibucayi.
- Esimweni esiphuthumayo: Uma ulahlekelwa umbono wakho ngokuzumayo, uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, noma ulimele kakhulu iso , hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) .
Ingabe Ama-Iris Scanner Asemafonini Ayingozi Emehlweni?
Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe bokuskena ubuso namehlo (i-Iris Scanners) buvame kakhulu ukuvula izinto ezifana namafoni namakhompyutha. Lawa madivayisi akubona ngokukhipha ukukhanya okuncane kakhulu, okungabonakali kwe-infrared ebusweni bakho nasemahlweni. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwamanje, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi la madivayisi ayingozi noma ayingozi emehlweni . Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuwesaba.
Okokugcina, i-iris yakho akuyona nje into ehlukile kuwe futhi enika amehlo akho umbala wawo omuhle. Iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ekusiza ukuthi ubone kahle kunoma yisiphi isimo sokukhanya. Ngakho-ke hlola amehlo akho njalo futhi uwanakekele kahle.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-iris yingxenye yeso lakho eliyinika umbala wayo futhi ihlukile kuwe.
- Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulawula ukukhanya okungena esweni.
- Gqoka njalo izibuko zelanga ezisezingeni elihle ukuze uvikele amehlo akho emisebeni eyingozi yelanga.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni, ebuhlungwini, noma kunoma yisiphi isimo esingavamile, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma kwenzeka ingozi noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Izimo eziningi zamehlo zingatholakala kusenesikhathi ngokuhlolwa amehlo njalo.
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