Ziyini lezi 'steroid' (ama-Corticosteroids)? Ingabe kufanele sesabe? Ake sithole ngokuqinisekile!

Uma uzwa igama elithi "ama-Steroids," cishe uyathuthumela kancane, akunjalo? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lawa ayingozi kakhulu emzimbeni. Kodwa empeleni, kunezinhlobo eziningana 'zama-steroids'. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngeqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi 'ama-Corticosteroids', abaluleke kakhulu kwezokwelapha futhi asizile ukusindisa izimpilo eziningi. Uma isetshenziswa kahle, le mithi iyamangalisa engalawula izifo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula, akunjalo?

Ayini ngempela 'ama-corticosteroids'?

Kalula nje, ama-corticosteroids uhlobo lomuthi owenziwe ngokwenziwa ukuze ulingise ama-hormone akhiqizwa yimizimba yethu. Sinezindlala ezimbili ze-adrenal, ezitholakala phezu kwezinso zethu. Lezi zindlala zikhiqiza i-hormone yemvelo ye-steroid ebizwa ngokuthi i-cortisol. Le cortisol isisiza lapho singaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu, noma lapho silwa nokutheleleka.

Ngakho-ke, imithi 'ye-corticosteroid' enikezwa odokotela iyimithi esebenza njenge-hormone 'ye-cortisol' yemvelo, kodwa yenzelwe ukuba namandla kakhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walokhu ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Kuyini ukuvuvukala? Cabanga ukuthi uma usika umunwe wakho, indawo iba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi ishise, akunjalo? Yilokho ukuvuvukala okuyikho. Empeleni lokhu kuyindlela yokuzivikela yomzimba. Kodwa kwezinye izifo, lokhu kuvuvukala kuyanda kakhulu, noma kwenzeka ngokungadingekile. Yilapho 'i-corticosteroids' isisiza khona.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lawa 'corticosteroids' ahluke ngokuphelele kuma-'anabolic steroids' asetshenziswa ngabakhi bomzimba ukuze bakhule. Ungadidanisi lokhu kokubili. Ama-'Anabolic steroids' yimithi ehlobene ne-testosterone ye-hormone yabesilisa futhi eyakha imisipha. Ama-'Corticosteroids' yimithi elawula ukuvuvukala.

Lokhu kusebenza kanjani emizimbeni yethu?

Indlela ama-corticosteroids asebenza ngayo emizimbeni yethu iyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ake ngikubeke kalula. Amasosha omzimba wethu yiwo asivikela ezifweni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi la masosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile, noma aqale ukuhlasela amangqamuzana awo. Yilapho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka khona.

Ama-Corticosteroids asebenza ngokuthulisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngokweqile. Kufana nabacishi bomlilo abacisha umlilo. Le mithi inciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali abangela ukuvuvukala, futhi ilawula nokusebenza kwamaseli omzimba. Yingakho izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala, ukubomvu, nobuhlungu zincipha.

Isibonelo, cabanga nge-asthma. Uma une-asthma, ibangela ukuthi izindlela zomoya zibe zincane.Imigudu yomoya iyavuvukala, ivuvuke, futhi ibe mincane. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Uma usebenzisa i-inhaler equkethe ama-corticosteroids, umuthi uya ngqo emigudwini yomoya futhi unciphise ukuvuvukala lapho. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi imigudu yomoya ivuleke kancane, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula.

Izinhlobo ze-Corticosteroids kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo

Ama-Corticosteroids awanikezwa ngendlela efanayo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-corticosteroid okufanele alusebenzise nokuthi angalunikeza kanjani, kuye ngesimo sakho, ukuthi sibi kangakanani, nokuthi ufuna umuthi uthinte kuphi emzimbeni wakho. Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko:

• Ama-Corticosteroids Aphefumulayo: Lena imithi esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimweni zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma. Ilethwa ngqo emaphashini nge-inhaler noma i-nebulizer, ngakho-ke ayinazo imiphumela emibi eminingi emzimbeni.
• Ama-Corticosteroids Omlomo: Lawa eza ngesimo samaphilisi noma amasiraphu. Isibonelo, i-Prednisolone. Ngenxa yokuthi anethonya elihle emzimbeni wonke, asetshenziselwa izimo ezinzima zokuvuvukala kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Ama-Corticosteroids Angaphandle: Lawa eza ngesimo sama-creams, amafutha okugcoba, kanye nama-lotion futhi asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema kanye ne-psoriasis. Athinta kuphela indawo lapho afakwa khona.
• Ama-Corticosteroids Ajovwayo: Lawa angajovwa ngqo emalungeni (isib., ngenxa yamathambo), noma emisipheni noma emithanjeni. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimweni ezinzima zokungezwani komzimba noma lapho isifo siba sibi ngokuzumayo.

Yiziphi izifo ezisetshenziswa yi-corticosteroids?

Ama-Corticosteroids uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo eziningi ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

• Isifuba somoya: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, nciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya futhi ulawule ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis), umkhuhlane we-hay, kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba.
• Izimo Zesikhumba: Izimo zesikhumba ezihambisana nokuvuvukala, njenge-eczema, i-psoriasis, kanye ne-dermatitis.
• Izifo Ezivikela Amasosha Omzimba: Lezi yizifo lapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela khona izingxenye zomzimba wethu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus, kanye nesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo.
• Ukufakelwa Izitho Zomzimba:Lokhu kusiza ukuvimba umzimba ekwenqabeni isitho esitshalwe kabusha.
• Ziye zasetshenziswa njengengxenye yokwelapha eminye imidlavuza, kanye nokulawula ukuvuvukala ezifweni ezinkulu ze-COVID-19.

Izinto okufanele uziqaphele kanye nemiphumela emibi uma usebenzisa ama-corticosteroids

Yilapho abantu abaningi besaba khona. Yebo, ama-corticosteroids ayimithi enamandla, ngakho-ke angabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu othola imiphumela emibi, futhi akuyona yonke imiphumela emibi engathi sína. Amathuba emiphumela emibi kanye nohlobo lwayo kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Uhlobo lwe-Corticosteroid: Imiphumela emibi evela kumaphilisi omlomo ingase ihluke, futhi ingase ibe mibi kakhulu, kunaleyo evela ku-inhaler noma ukhilimu.
• Isilinganiso: Ingozi yemiphumela emibi iyanda uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu.
• Isikhathi sokusetshenziswa: Ingozi yemiphumela emibi ethile iphezulu ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside (izinyanga, iminyaka) kunangokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esifushane.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona yesikhashana (ikakhulukazi uma ithathwa ngomlomo):

• Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokukhuluphala.
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo (ukucasuka okuvamile, ukungahlaliseki, ukungakwazi ukulala).
• Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni.
• Amazinga kashukela egazini akhuphukile (abantu abanesifo sikashukela kudingeka baqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu).
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu, ukungagayi kahle kokudla.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona esikhathini eside (ikakhulukazi uma ithathwa ngomlomo ngemithamo ephezulu):

• I-Osteoporosis: Amathambo aba mancane futhi aphuke kalula.
• Ingozi ye-cataracts kanye ne-glaucoma.
• Ukwanda kokuthambekela ekuthelelekeni: Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le mithi inciphisa ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ngezinga elithile.
• Isikhumba esinciphile, kulula ukusilimaza.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
• I-Cushing's Syndrome: Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuso obufana nenyanga, i-buffalo hump, kanye nesisu esikhulu.
• Ukukhubazeka kokukhula ezinganeni (uma kuthathwa imithamo ephezulu isikhathi eside).

Kuma-inhaler: Imiphumela emibi ngokuvamile mincane. Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta sezindebe (i-oral thrush) kungase kwenzeke (yingakho kufanele ugeze umlomo wakho kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler), futhi izwi lingase libe nomsindo obukhali.

Kusukela 'kuma-steroids' asetshenziswa esikhumbeni: Uma esetshenziswa ngokweqile, isikhumba lapho esetshenziswa khona singaba sincane.

Khumbula lokhu kahle!

Uma ubulokhu uthatha ama-corticosteroids (ikakhulukazi amaphilisi) isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa, ungalokothi uyeke ukuwathatha ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela izimpawu zokuhoxa, inkinga ye-adrenal, njengoba izindlala zakho ze-adrenal ziyeka ukukhiqiza i-cortisol ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kungaba yingozi. Uma uyeka ukuwathatha, kufanele ukwenze kancane kancane, njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshela.

Futhi, sebenzisa kuphela umthamo oshiwo udokotela wakho, njengoba kuyalelwe. Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha noma uthatha eminye imithi, tshela udokotela wakho ngazo.

Imibono eyiphutha mayelana nama-steroid

Njengoba abantu abaningi besaba lapho bezwa igama elithi 'ama-steroid', ake sixoxe ngeminye yemibono eyiphutha ngalokhu.

1. "Zonke izidakamizwa ziyafana, zonke zimbi": Lokhu akulungile. Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, 'ama-corticosteroids' kanye 'nama-anabolic steroids' yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. 'Ama-Corticosteroids' angaba umuthi osindisa impilo, uma usetshenziswa kahle.

2. "Ama-steroid angaba umlutha": Ama-corticosteroids awaluthi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokungakhululeki angase akubangele uma uyeka ukuwasebenzisa ngokuzumayo ngemva kwesikhathi eside, abanye abantu bangase bakholelwe ngephutha ukuthi ayalutha.

3. "Ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroids isikhathi esifushane kungadala umonakalo omkhulu": Ukusebenzisa ama-corticosteroids ngemithamo enqunyiwe, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile akubangeli umonakalo omkhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, izinzuzo zidlula izingozi.

Khuluma nodokotela!

Uma unikezwe ama-corticosteroids, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Mtshele nganoma yiziphi izinkinga onazo kanye nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi obhekene nayo (uma ikhona). Udokotela wakho uzozama ukukunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu. Bangase bashintshe umthamo noma bakushintshele komunye umuthi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvuleleka kudokotela wakho futhi ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi manje usunokuqonda okungcono 'nge-corticosteroids'. Gcina la maphuzu engqondweni:

• Ama-Corticosteroids ayimithi enamandla enciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Lokhu kufana ne-hormone ethi 'cortisol' ekhiqizwa yimizimba yethu.
• Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo eziningi, okuhlanganisa i-asthma, ukungezwani komzimba, izifo zesikhumba, kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba.
• Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene (izifutho zokuphefumula, amaphilisi, okhilimu, imijovo) futhi indlela yokusebenzisa iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo.
• Imiphumela emibi ingase ivele, kodwa ivame ukuphathwa ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
• Ungalokothi ushintshe umthamo noma uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

'Ama-Corticosteroids' angaba njengenkemba esika nhlangothi zombili. Kodwa uma isetshenziswa kahle, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela onekhono, le nkemba ingasisiza kakhulu. Ungesabi, yaziswe, bese uthatha ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe ngqo. Khona-ke ungahlala uphilile!

Ama- Corticosteroids, Ama-Steroids, Isifuba, Imiphumela Engemihle, Ukwelashwa, Impilo, Ama-Corticosteroids