Kuyini i-hydrocephalus? Ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe!

"Hydrocephalus"... Kunzima ngisho nokulibiza leli gama, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama. Kodwa uma uthi "amanzi agcwalisa ikhanda" noma "amanzi ebuchosheni", ungase ujwayelene nalo kancane. Lesi yisimo sezokwelapha esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngesiSinhala ongasiqonda.

Kusho ukuthini ngempela lokhu kugcwala ikhanda ngamanzi?

Kalula nje, ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla (intambo yemizwa egeleza emgogodleni wethu) zivikelwe uketshezi olukhethekile. Kufana nomatrasi omncane phezulu. Lolu ketshezi lukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu. Kwezokwelapha, silubiza ngokuthi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal . Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela balubiza ngokuthi ``Uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal'' noma ``CSF''.

Cabanga nje ngalolu ketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi ``(CSF)`` lufana nohlelo lwamapayipi endlini yethu. Luqala endaweni eyodwa, lugeleze ezindleleni ezithile, bese ekugcineni lumuncwa egazini lethu. Yilokhu okwenzeka njalo. Lufana nomjikelezo, into eyenzeka njalo. Lolu ketshezi londla ubuchopho bethu, lususa imfucuza engadingekile, futhi luvikela nobuchopho ekushaqekeni okuncane kanye nokulinyazwa.

Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani uma ngesizathu esithile indlela okugeleza ngayo lolu ketshezi ivinjiwe, noma uma uketshezi oluningi kakhulu luqoqana ngaphakathi kobuchopho, noma uma uketshezi oluqoqana lungamuncwa kahle egazini? Yilapho inkinga iqala khona. Njengalapho ipayipi lamanzi livaleka futhi ligcwala, lolu ketshezi luqala nokuqongelela ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Yile ndlela lolu ketshezi '(CSF)' oluqongelela ngayo emigodini engaphakathi kobuchopho (esiphinde silubize ngokuthi '(Ventricles)`) futhi ingcindezi engaphakathi kwekhanda iyanda, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi '(Hydrocephalus)` noma 'amanzi ekhanda.'

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu ezingaba khona?

Lokhu akusona ukuphela kwembangela ye-`(Hydrocephalus)`. Kungaba nezimbangela eziningi. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kungaba yinto ezalwa ne- . Okusho ukuthi, kungaba ngenxa yenkinga ethile ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho ngenkathi umntwana esesesibelethweni. Isibonelo, lesi simo singabonakala ngokukhubazeka okuthile kokuzalwa kwesimiso sezinzwa.

Futhi, lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezenzeka kamuva ekuphileni . Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho noma komgogodla: Isibonelo, ukutheleleka okufana ne-meningitis kungavimba izindlela lapho uketshezi lomgogodla (i-CSF) lugeleza khona.
• Ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho: Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (sizibiza ngokuthi "izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi"), ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho kungenzeka. Lesi simo singenzeka futhi uma senzeka. Futhi, ukopha ngaphakathi kobuchopho kungenzeka ngenxa yokulimala okukhulu ekhanda.
• Izimila Zobuchopho: Uma isimila sikhula ngaphakathi ebuchosheni, singavimba indlela okugeleza ngayo uketshezi lomgogodla (CSF).
• Ukulimala Ekhanda: Uma ikhanda lonakele engozini enkulu, lokhu kuhamba koketshezi nakho kungaphazamiseka.
• Ezinye izimo zofuzo:Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi i-hydrocephalus ingenzeka ngenxa yezimbangela ezithile zofuzo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonza nokwelapha lesi simo ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi siyini imbangela.

Sikubona kanjani lokhu? Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-hydrocephalus zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Futhi, lezi zimpawu ziyashintsha ngokuguga.

Kwabantwana abancane (izinyanga ezi-0 - cishe iminyaka emi-2)

Uma umntwana omncane ethola lesi simo, ngeke athi “unekhanda elibuhlungu” njengathi. Ngakho izimpawu zakhe zihlukile kancane.

• Ikhanda liyakhula: Uma ikhanda lengane likhula ngokushesha kunalokho okufanele libe yikho, lokho kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu. Emtholampilo, odokotela balinganisa umjikelezo wekhanda lengane ngetheyipu yokulinganisa ukuze bahlole lokhu.
• Ijwabu libukeka livuvukile: Indawo ethambile ekhanda lomntwana, ngaphezu nje kwebunzi (lokho esikubiza ngokuthi ijwabu), ingase ibonakale ivuvukile futhi iqinile.
• Imithambo ibonakala ngokucacile ekhanda: Imithambo ingabonakala ivuvukele ngaphansi kwesikhumba sekhanda.
• Amehlo abonakala ebheke phansi: Njengokungathi ilanga liyashona, imibuthano emnyama ngaphansi kwamehlo ingase ibonakale sengathi ishonile. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "uphawu lokushona kwelanga".
• Ukuhlanza njalo.
• Angithandi ukuphuza ubisi futhi ngincipha isisindo.
• Ukukhala njalo nokwenza sengathi ucasukile.
• Babonakala belele kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuvuka.
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukuquleka kungenzeka.

Kwabantwana abadala kanye nabantu abasha

Uma lesi simo senzeka ezinganeni ezindala kanye nabantu abasha, izimpawu zingaba kanje:

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile: Lokhu buhlungu bekhanda bungaba bubi kakhulu uma uvuka ekuseni.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Lokhu kungabonakala ikakhulukazi ekuseni.
• Izinkinga zokubona: Ukubona okufiphele emehlweni womabili, ukubona okukabili, njll.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Ukulala ngokweqile, ubuvila.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha: Ungase ucasuke kakhulu, uthukuthele, noma ulahlekelwe yinkumbulo kanye nokukhubazeka kokufunda.
• Ukulawulwa okunciphile kokuya endlini yangasese.
• Izinto ezifana nokubhala ngesandla ziyaphazamiseka.

Kwabantu abadala

Uma umuntu omdala eba nesifo "(Hydrocephalus)," izimpawu zingase zihluke kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zifana nezimpawu zezifo ezivamile ezenzeka ngokuguga, ngakho kungase kube sekwephuzile ukuzibona.

• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Kuzwakala sengathi izinyawo zakho zinamathele phansi, okwenza kube nzima ukunyathela.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kanye nokucabanga okunciphile: Kufana nezimpawu ze-dementia.
• Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo.

Inhlanganisela yalezi zimpawu ezintathu ibizwa ngokuthi ``Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus - NPH''.

Okubalulekile:Ungesabi ukucabanga ukuthi une-hydrocephalus ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, ikakhulukazi uma ubona okuthile okufana nekhanda lomntwana omncane likhula, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibonisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, into yokuqala udokotela azokwenza ukukuhlola kahle. Bazokulalela okushoyo bese benza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uma kuyingane encane, bazolinganisa ubukhulu bekhanda bese behlola ubuchopho.

Ngemva kwalokho, kungase kudingeke kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuqinisekisa lesi simo "se-Hydrocephalus" nokuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lokho.

• Ukuskena nge-Ultrasound: Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa kokuqala okwenziwa enganeni. Lokhu kuskena kwenziwa ngekhanda lomntwana ukuze kubonakale ubukhulu bezimbobo ezigcwele uketshezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu futhi okulula.
• I-CT Scan (I-Computed Tomography Scan): Lokhu kungathatha izithombe zobuchopho ezihlanganisa izingxenye ezahlukene. Kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) seluqongelele kangakanani nokuthi izimbobo ebuchosheni sezinkulu kangakanani.
• I-MRI Scan (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lolu uhlobo lokuhlola olungcono kakhulu olutholakalayo. I-MRI ingaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi zobuchopho kanye nezindlela lapho uketshezi lomgogodla (i-CSF) lugeleza khona. Kungasiza futhi ekutholeni imbangela.

Ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholakale kulezi zivivinyo, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-hydrocephalus, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi benzeni ngakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Kunezindlela zokwelapha isifo esithi "Hydrocephalus". Umgomo oyinhloko ukususa uketshezi oluningi "lwe-CSF" oluqongeleleke ebuchosheni nokunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwekhanda.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu kuvame ukubekwa kwe-shunt.

"Kuyini i-shunt?" ungase uzibuze. Kalula nje, iyipayipi elincane. Le ``(Shunt)`` ifakwa ngokuhlinzwa emgodini ogcwele uketshezi ebuchosheni bese ifakwa kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (ngokuvamile umgodi wesisu). Uketshezi olwengeziwe oluqongeleleka ebuchosheni bese luhamba ngaleli payipi luye emgodini wesisu, lapho lumuncwa khona emzimbeni. Lokhu kusiza ukulawula ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho.

Le shunt inevalvu encane ohlangothini olulodwa. Elawula ukuthi kuphuma uketshezi olungakanani.

Enye indlela yokwelapha i-endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) . Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ikhamera encane (i-endoscope) ebuchosheni nokudala indlela entsha yokuthi uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) ludlule kuyo. Kufana nokudala i-bypass entsha ezungeze umthambo ovalekile. Akuwona wonke umuntu ongaba ne-ETV. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele wena.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma imbangela ye-"Hydrocephalus" ifana nomdlavuza wobuchopho, lesi simo singalapheka uma isimila sesisusiwe.

Khumbula, ungesabi uma uzwa ngalezi zihlinzeko. Lezi sezithuthuke kakhulu manje. Odokotela bazokuchazela kahle.

Ukuphila ne-Hydrocephalus

I-Hydrocephalus yisimo esingaba khona impilo yonke ngezinye izikhathi. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokufakwa kwe-shunt, udinga ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze alandelelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza kahle.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-shunt ingavimbeka, iqhume, noma itheleleke. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimpawu owawunazo ngaphambili (ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, ukozela) zingase zibuye. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Ingane ene-hydrocephalus idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngentuthuko nokufunda kwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi ingadinga izidingo ezikhethekile zemfundo, i-physiotherapy, kanye nokwelashwa ngokomsebenzi.

Ukuphila nalesi simo kungaba yinselele, kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, ukwesekwa komndeni, kanye nesimo sengqondo esihle, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Hydrocephalus yisimo lapho uketshezi olunamanzi (uketshezi lomgogodla - i-CSF) luqoqana ngaphakathi kobuchopho, okwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwekhanda.
• Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Kungabangelwa yizimbangela zokuzalwa kanye nokutheleleka kamuva, ukulimala, izimila, njll.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobudala. Ezinganeni ezincane, izimpawu eziyinhloko ikhanda elikhulu kanye nokuvuvukala kobuchopho. Ezinganeni ezindala, izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, izinkinga zokubona, kanye nobunzima bokuhamba.
• Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kokuskena.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-shunt kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa.
• Uma uphila ne-hydrocephalus, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho njalo bese ulandela imiyalelo yakhe.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uzokuchazela konke.

i- hydrocephalus, amanzi ebuchosheni, uketshezi lomgogodla, i-CSF, i-shunt, ukukhulisa ubuchopho, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho