Kulezi zinsuku, abantu abaningi bayathuthumela kancane uma bezwa igama elithi "cholesterol," akunjalo? Sonke siyazi ukuthi lihlobene ngqo nezinto ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kanye nesifo sohlangothi. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubaluleke kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Lipid Panel ukuthola ukuthi angakanani lawa mafutha (ama-Lipid), okungukuthi, i-cholesterol, asemzimbeni wakho nokuthi asezingeni elihle yini. Namuhla, ake sifunde konke ngalokhu kalula, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, iyini le Lipid Panel?
Iphaneli yamafutha ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okukala inani lezinhlayiya zamafutha (esizibiza ngokuthi ama-lipid) egazini lakho. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa izinhlobo eziningana ze-cholesterol kanye nolunye uhlobo lwamafutha olubizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides.
Cabanga ngemithambo yegazi yethu njengamapayipi. Lapho lolu hlobo lwamafutha egazini, okungukuthi, i-cholesterol, lukhula, njengoba nje ukungcola kubhajwa ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi bese kuvalwa kancane kancane, amafutha aqala ukuqongelela ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu (imithambo yegazi). Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-Atherosclerosis". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho imithambo yegazi ivaleka ngale ndlela, ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni kuyaphazamiseka, okwandisa ingozi yezimo ezibucayi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi .
Ngakho-ke, odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo lwe-Lipid Panel ukuhlola ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo. Lolu vivinyo olwenzelwa kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ini ngokuyinhloko?
I-Lipid Panel inikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobo ezi-5 eziyinhloko zamafutha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda lokhu.
| Uhlobo lwe-Lipid | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol Ephelele | Lokhu kuyisamba sazo zonke izinhlobo ze-cholesterol egazini lakho. Lokhu kusinika isithombe esiphelele. |
| I-cholesterol ye-LDL (i-Low-Density Lipoprotein) | Lona "umlingiswa omubi" endabeni (i-Bad Cholesterol)Yilokhu okugcina izindonga zemithambo yegazi bese kuyivala. Uma leli nani liphansi, kungcono. |
| I-cholesterol ye-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) | Leli "iqhawe elihle" lendaba yethu (i-Good Cholesterol) . Lokho elikwenzayo ukususa i-LDL cholesterol embi ebekwe emithanjeni yegazi, iyiyise esibindini bese iyisiza ukuthi ikhishwe emzimbeni. Kufana nesihlanzi. Ngakho-ke uma leli nani liphakeme, kungcono. |
| Ama-triglycerides | Lolu olunye uhlobo lwamafutha olukhiqizwa emzimbeni ngokudla esikudlayo. Lena yindlela umzimba ogcina ngayo amakhalori engeziwe esiwadlayo. Ukwanda kwala mazinga kuyisici esiyingozi sesifo senhliziyo kanye ne-pancreatitis. |
| I-cholesterol ye-VLDL (i-Lipoprotein Ephansi Kakhulu) | Lokhu kuphinde kuwele esigabeni se-cholesterol embi. Ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ekudleni esikudlile muva nje. Uma leli nani liphakanyiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuzila ukudla, kungase kusho ukuthi umzimba awulawuli i-cholesterol ngendlela efanele. |
Ungadinga nalokhu kuhlolwa?
Yebo, mhlawumbe. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwezici ezilandelayo ezibangela ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele iphaneli ye-lipid njalo.
- Ubudala: Uma uyindoda, uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-45 ubudala, uma ungowesifazane, uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala.
- Imibiko yangaphambilini: Uma izinga lakho le-cholesterol liphakeme ekuhlolweni kwangaphambilini.
- Ukubhema: Uma ubhema.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Uma isisindo somzimba siphezulu kakhulu.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Uma umzimba ungawutholi umzimba owanele.
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Uma unengcindezi yegazi ephezulu.
- Isifo sikashukela: Uma unesifo sikashukela noma usengozini yokuba nesifo sikashukela (prediabetes).
- Umlando womndeni: Uma umama wakho, ubaba, umfowenu, noma udadewenu eke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane.
Ungamangali, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezingane ezincane zidinga ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Udokotela angase akuncome lokhu kuhlolwa, ikakhulukazi uma abazali bene-cholesterol ephezulu noma uma ingane ikhuluphele ngokweqile.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa? (Ikakhulukazi ngokuzila ukudla)
Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi , uzokwaziswa ukuthi uzile ukudla amahora ayi-10 kuya kwangu-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-Lipid Panel.
Kusho ukuthini ukuzila ukudla?
Kalula nje, awukwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza lutho ngaphandle kwamanzi phakathi naleso sikhathi. Akuyona ngisho nomqondo omuhle ukuhlafuna itshungama. Ngoba lokho esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo kungathinta amanani, ikakhulukazi ama-triglyceride. Ngakho-ke, ukuzila ukudla kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembile.
Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo . Ezinye izindlela zokuhlola zesimanje azidingi ukuzila ukudla. Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, buza udokotela wakho ngqo ukuthi "Ingabe udinga ukuzila ukudla? Amahora amangaki?"
Ungesabi ukukhishelwa igazi lakho. Kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu. Umuntu oqeqeshwe uzothatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni ongalweni yakho ngaphansi kwengqiniba yakho. Kuzoba sengathi ukulunywa yintuthwane encane, yilokho kuphela.
Ake siqonde umbiko: Yimaphi la mazinga anempilo?
Uma umbiko wakho ufika, qhathanisa amanani akuwo nalawa. Lawa amanani ngokuvamile abhekwa njengamazinga anempilo (alinganiswa ngama-milligram nge-deciliter ngayinye - mg/dL).
| Ukuhlolwa | Izinga elihle kakhulu / elinempilo (Izinga Elifanele - mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol Ephelele | Ngaphansi kuka-200 mg/dL |
| I-cholesterol ye-HDL "enhle" | Kungaphezu kuka -60 mg/dL |
| I-cholesterol "embi" ye-LDL | Ngaphezu kuka-100 mg/dLOkuphansi (ngaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL kungcono kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela) |
| Ama-triglycerides | Ngaphansi kuka-150 mg/dL |
Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke uma amanani asembikweni ehlukile?
Cha. Ungesabi ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi inani embikweni wakho lihlukile kunani elinempilo kuleli thebula, akusho ukuthi unesifo noma udinga ukuthatha imithi.
Khumbula, akuzona nje izinombolo ezisembikweni ezibalulekile. Udokotela uzothatha isinqumo ngemva kokucabangela sonke isimo sakho sempilo.
Lapho exoxa ngemiphumela yakho, udokotela wakho uzocabangela nalezi zinto:
- iminyaka yakho
- Isimo sakho sempilo iyonke
- Umlando wezempilo womndeni wakho
- Eminye imithi oyithathayo njengamanje
- Izici zakho eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme)
Uma ecabangela konke lokhu, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe futhi anqume ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa noma ukuthi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zizokwanela yini.
Uma amanani engajwayelekile, kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?
Uma amazinga akho e-cholesterol ephezulu, udokotela wakho angase akuncome okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:
1. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uphinde uhlole ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
2. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukushintsha ukudla kwakho: Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, nofulawa, bese udla imifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Yenza okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca ngosuku, njengokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili.
3. Ukuqala imithi: Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zingakwazi ukulawula amazinga, noma uma ingozi yakho iphezulu kakhulu, kutuswa ukuthi uqale ukuthatha imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (isib. ama-statin).
Konke lokhu kwenzeka ngemva kwengxoxo nodokotela wakho, ukuze kutholakale isu elingcono kakhulu kuwe . Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo mayelana nombiko, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Lipid Panel iyindlela elula, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlola igazi elinganisa amazinga e-cholesterol nama-triglycerides egazini lakho.
- I-LDL yi-cholesterol "embi", evala imithambo yegazi. I-HDL yi-cholesterol "enhle", ehlanza imithambo yegazi.
- Kungadingeka uzile ukudla amahora ayi-10-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho njalo.
- Ungesabi uma amanani asembikweni engajwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela impilo yakho iyonke ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokwelashwa.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba okwanele, nokugwema ukubhema) kungasiza kakhulu ekugcineni amazinga akho e-cholesterol esezingeni elifanele.
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