Liyini inani le-MCH embikweni wakho wegazi? (I-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) Ake sifunde ngalokhu kalula!

Uma uhlolwa igazi, kumelwe ukuthi ubonile ukuthi umbiko unezinto ezahlukahlukene ezibhalwe phansi ngohlamvu ngalunye nenombolo. Ngezinye izikhathi uma sibona lezi zinto, asikwazi ngisho nokucabanga ukuthi ziyini, futhi singakhathazeka kancane. Ngokufanayo, inani elilodwa elibalulekile ozolibona embikweni wakho wokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) yi -MCH . Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi iyini le-MCH noma i-"Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin", ukuthi ithini ngempilo yethu, nokuthi kwenzekani uma lelo nani likhuphuka noma lehla kalula.

Kuyini ngempela i-MCH?

Kalula nje, i-MCH iyinani elilinganisa inani elimaphakathi le-hemoglobin kuseli lakho elibomvu legazi (RBC) . Manje cabanga ngokuthi iyini i-hemoglobin. I-Hemoglobin iyiprotheni ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi. Yile phrotheni ethatha umoya-mpilo emaphashini ethu bese iyihambisa emaseli emzimbeni wonke. Kufana nomuntu 'oletha ukudla' oletha ukudla ekhaya. Lo moya-mpilo yiwona onikeza amandla kuwo wonke amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu, futhi konke emzimbeni wethu kusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, singathola umbono ngale hemoglobin ngenani le-MCH.

I-MCH iyinani elilodwa kuphela esigabeni ``ama-RBC indices`` sokuhlolwa kwe-``CBC`` okuchaza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Kunezinye izilinganiso eziningana ezifana nalezi:

• I-MCV `(Ivolumu Ephakathi Ye-Corpuscular)` : Lokhu kukutshela ubukhulu obujwayelekile bamaseli akho abomvu egazi, okungukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi makhulu noma mancane.
• I-MCHC `(Isilinganiso Sokuhlushwa Kwe-Hemoglobin Ye-Corpuscular)` : Lokhu kubhekisela nasekuhlushweni kwe-hemoglobin kuseli elibomvu legazi. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-MCH, i-MCHC ibheka nobukhulu bamaseli abomvu egazi.
• I-RDW `(Ububanzi Bokusabalalisa Amaseli Egazi Abomvu)` : Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi ahlukene kangakanani amaseli akho abomvu ngobukhulu. Okusho ukuthi, kukhona yini ukungafani, njengokuthi amanye amaseli amancane kanti amanye amakhulu.

Odokotela basebenzisa yonke le mininingwane ukuthola impilo yamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Lawa manani abaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwezimo ezifana ne -anemia .

Kudingeka nini ukuhlolwa kwe-MCH?

I-MCH iyingxenye evamile yokuhlolwa kwe-CBC. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-CBC akugcini nje ngokulinganisa amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi, kodwa futhi namaseli akho amhlophe egazi (amangqamuzana asivikela ezifweni) kanye nama-platelet (amangqamuzana asiza ukujiya kwegazi). Ngakho-ke, uma kuhlanganiswa namanye amanani e-CBC, odokotela bangathola izimpawu zokuqala zesimo sezokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzokhathazeka kakhulu ngenani lakho le-MCH uma unezimpawu ze-anemia, njengokukhathala , ikhanda elibuhlungu njalo, ukuphaphatheka, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya . Uma inani lakho le-MCH lingajwayelekile uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izinkomba ze-RBC, kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi une-anemia yini nokuthi, uma kunjalo, imbangela ingaba yini.

Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MCH kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuhlola igazi. Ngokuvamile, umhlengikazi noma udokotela we-phlebotomist uthatha inani elincane legazi kuwe. Isampula yegazi bese ihlaziywa nge-counter yegazi ezenzakalelayo. Lo mshini unikeza ulwazi mayelana namaseli egazini lakho.

Inani le-MCH libalwa lapho kuhlaziywa amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi.

Ingabe udinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Ezimweni eziningi, akudingeki ukulungiselela okukhethekile ukuze kuhlolwe i-MCH. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho ehlela ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo eziningana kusampula yegazi elifanayo, kungadingeka ukuthi uzile ukudla (ungadli noma uphuze noma yini) amahora ambalwa . Ngakho-ke, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwalokho ungalungiselela ukuhlolwa kahle.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Bazokuhlalisa esihlalweni bese bekutshela ukuthi welule isandla sakho. Bese:

• Indawo yokuqoqwa kwegazi ihlanzwa ngesisombululo se-antiseptic (i-alcohol wipe).
• Ibhande lerabha (i-tourniquet) liboshwe kancane ngaphezu kwendawo yokuqoqwa kwegazi engalweni. Lokhu kusiza ukuqoqa igazi futhi kwenza kube lula ukuqoqa igazi.
• Inaliti encane kakhulu ifakwa kancane kancane emthanjeni.
• Inani elincane legazi liqoqwa ebhodleleni elincane noma epayipini.
• Bese kususwa inaliti bese kufakwa ucezu lwekotini ukuze kumiswe ukopha.

Konke lokhu kuthatha imizuzu engaphansi kwemihlanu . Uma inaliti ifakwa, ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokucasuka, njengokucasuka kwentuthwane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abukho ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, uma ungazizwa unesiyezi kancane, ungaya ekhaya ngokushesha. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benesiyezi kancane uma bebona igazi, noma uma besaba izinaliti kancane. Lokhu kuvamile, futhi awuwedwa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokunakekela uze uzizwe ungcono.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi zalolu vivinyo?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC ukuhlola i-MCH akulona ukuhlolwa okuyingozi kakhulu. Ngemva kokunikela ngegazi, ungase ubone ukuphuka okuncane lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Ungase uzizwe nobuhlungu engalweni yakho. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela ngosuku olufanayo nokunikezwa kwegazi.

Zithini imiphumela? Zisitshelani?

Imiphumela ye-MCH ikhombisa ukuthi zingaki ama-picogram (pg/cell) e-hemoglobin ovame ukuba nawo kuseli elilodwa legazi elibomvu. I-picogram iyinani elincane kakhulu, cishe i-trillionth eyodwa (lokho kungu-zero oyedwa no-zero abayishumi nambili) wegremu.

Nakuba kunezinguquko ezincane phakathi kwamalebhu, inani elijwayelekile le-MCH kumuntu omdala (kokubili owesilisa nowesifazane) ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-27 no-33 pg/iseli . Noma yini engaphansi kwaleli nani ibhekwa njenge -MCH ephansi , futhi noma yini engaphezu kwaleli nani ibhekwa njenge -MCH ephezulu .

Kodwa khumbula, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokushesha uma inani lakho le-MCH liphansi noma liphezulu. Udokotela wakho uzoqhathanisa inani lakho le-MCH nezinye izinkomba ze-RBC kanye nempilo yakho iyonke ukuze enze isinqumo. Angase futhi ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Uma inani le-MCH liphansi (i-MCH ephansi)

Inani eliphansi le-MCH lisho ukuthi ungase ube ne -hypochromic anemia (lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi engaphansi kwejwayelekile futhi ebonakala ephaphathekile) kanye/noma i-microcytic anemia (lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi emancane ngokungavamile). Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi awanayo i-hemoglobin eyanele.

Izizathu eziningana zingabangela amazinga aphansi e-MCH:

• Ukuntuleka Kwensimbi : Uma umzimba ungatholi insimbi eyanele, awukwazi ukukhiqiza i-hemoglobin. Imbangela eyinhloko ye-anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwensimbi ukopha . Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokopha kakhulu kokuya esikhathini, ukopha kwangaphakathi (isib. izilonda zamathumbu), noma ukopha ngokweqile ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
• I-Hemoglobinopathy : Ezinye izifo zegazi ezizuzwe njengefa zingabangela izinkinga endleleni umzimba okhiqiza ngayo i-hemoglobin. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-thalassemia kanye ne-sickle cell anemia .
• Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yizifo ezingamahlalakhona : Ukuvuvukala emzimbeni okubangelwa yizimo ezifana nokutheleleka okuthile okungamahlalakhona, isifo sezinso, isifo sesibindi, kanye nomdlavuza kungabangela ukwehla kwamazinga e-MCH.

Uma inani le-MCH liphezulu (i-MCH ephezulu)

Izinga eliphezulu le-MCH lisho ukuthi ungase ube ne -macrocytic anemia . Kulesi simo, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi amakhulu ngokungavamile, futhi lawo mangqamuzana anamazinga aphezulu e-hemoglobin. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukungatholi i-folate eyanele (i-vitamin B9) kanye ne-vitamin B12, izakhamzimba ezimbili ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo. Noma, ungase ube nesimo sezokwelapha esivimbela umzimba wakho ekumunceni lezi zakhamzimba ngendlela efanele.

Ezinye izizathu zokwenyuka kwenani le-MCH:

• Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala isikhathi eside .
• Izinkinga ze-thyroid gland .
• Imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile noma ukwelashwa . Isibonelo, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza kungabangela ukwanda kwe-MCV (futhi ngaleyo ndlela i-MCH) njengomphumela ongemuhle.

Uma imiphumela ingajwayelekile, yini oyenzayo ngokulandelayo?

Uma i-MCH yakho ingajwayelekile, izinyathelo ezilandelayo ozithathayo zizoncika embangela. Isibonelo, uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi i-MCH yakho iphansi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi, angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuhlola amazinga akho ensimbi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma esola esinye isimo sezokwelapha, kungadingeka enze ukuhlolwa kwaleso simo.

Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi wenzeni ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho.

Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile noma wesaba kancane uma noma yimuphi umphumela wokuhlolwa ungajwayelekile (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphansi noma uphezulu). Kodwa uma kukhulunywa nge-MCH, umphumela ongajwayelekile usho ukuthi udokotela wakho usefunde kabanzi ngempilo yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, umphumela we-MCH ongajwayelekile ungaba yinto edinga ukubhekwa nokwelashwa, njengesifo segazi esizuzwe njengefa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba yinto yesikhashana futhi okungekho okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Uma ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile ngomphumela wakho we-MCH, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese uwuqhathanisa neminye imiphumela ye-CBC ukuze ubone ukuthi kunengqondo kanjani.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-MCH iyinombolo ebalulekile embikweni wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ikutshela isilinganiso se-hemoglobin kwelinye lamaseli akho abomvu egazi.

• I-Hemoglobin yiprotheni ethwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke.
• Inani eliphansi le-MCH lingaba uphawu lwe-anemia. Ukuntuleka kwensimbi, izifo ezithile zegazi, kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala ezingamahlalakhona kungabangela lokhu.
• Inani eliphakeme le-MCH liyisibonakaliso solunye uhlobo lwe-anemia. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokuntuleka kwe-folate noma i-vitamin B12, ukusebenzisa utshwala, noma izinkinga ze-thyroid.
• Ungesabi uma inani lakho le-MCH lingajwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzoliqhathanisa namanye amanani okuhlolwa, enze ezinye izivivinyo uma kudingeka, futhi akunikeze iseluleko nokwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi yini esembikweni wakho wegazi, kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho.

I- MCH, i-hemoglobin, amaseli abomvu egazi, i-anemia, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, i-CBC, impilo