Uma uya endlini yangasese bese ubona ukuthi indle yakho inombala omnyama ohlukile, ongajwayelekile kunojwayelekile, wonke umuntu uyasaba kancane, akunjalo? Kufika izinto eziningi engqondweni. "Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi? Kungani lokhu kwenzeka kimi?" Kuvamile ukucabanga. Empeleni lokhu kuyimpawu okungafanele inganakwa, futhi ingaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngale ndle emnyama, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi iMelena ngokwezokwelapha.
Uyini uMelena?
Kalula nje, i-melena imnyama, indle ehlala isikhathi eside ebangelwa ukopha engxenyeni engenhla yesistimu yakho yokugaya ukudla, okungukuthi , esiswini noma engxenyeni engenhla yamathumbu amancane .
Cabanga nje, noma igazi libomvu, njengoba lihamba lisuka esiswini liya emathunjini, lisabela namakhemikhali okugaya ukudla emzimbeni wethu. Njengoba nje ingxenye yensimbi igqwala lapho ivezwa elangeni, njengoba leli gazi lihamba endleleni yokugaya ukudla isikhathi eside, umbala walo uyashintsha futhi liba mnyama, linamathele, futhi lihlale isikhathi eside. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-melena.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-melena nendle emnyama evamile?
Into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi akuzona zonke izikhathi lapho indle yakho iba mnyama, kungenxa yokopha. Ukudla okuthile kanye nemithi nakho kungabangela indle yakho ukuba ibe mnyama. Kuphela lapho udokotela ehlola indle yakho futhi eqinisekisa ukuthi kunegazi kuyo lapho ibizwa ngokuthi i-melena.
Ake siwuhlukanise kahle lo mehluko.
| Isici | UMelena - Ngenxa yegazi | Indle emnyama evamile (ngenxa yokudla noma imithi) |
|---|---|---|
| Umbala | Umnyama omnyama kakhulu (umnyama ojiyile). | Kungaba mnyama, kodwa kungaba nsundu noma kube luhlaza okotshani. |
| Ukungaguquguquki | Iyanamathela futhi inamathela njengethayela. | Inokuqina okufanayo nezihlalo ezivamile, ngaphandle kokunamathela. |
| Iphunga | Kukhona iphunga elinamandla kakhulu nelingathandeki . Lokho kungenxa yokugaya igazi. | Iphunga elijwayelekile, alikho iphunga elibi elithile. |
Kuthiwani uma kukhona igazi eliphuma engxenyeni engezansi?
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kungebona bonke abantu abamnyama. Isizathu ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela kuphi. Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela endaweni engezansi emgudwini wokugaya ukudla, njengamathumbu amakhulu, akuthathi isikhathi eside ukuthi igazi liphume. Yingakho liphuma esitulweni njengombala obomvu okhanyayo .
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zeMelena?
Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona zokopha kwamathumbu okuphezulu, ezinye zazo eziyingozi kakhulu.
- Isifo sesilonda se-Peptic: Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu. Lezi zilonda zingavela uma isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-gastritis siba sibi kakhulu.
- Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwesisu noma umphimbo (i-gastritis noma i-esophagitis): Udonga lwesisu noma umphimbo (ipayipi lokudla) luyavuvukala futhi luvuvuke.
- I-acute hemorrhagic erosive gastropathy: Eminye imithi, njengemithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu, noma ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungabangela ukuthi udonga lwesisu luguge futhi luphume igazi.
- Ukubhoboza kwamathumbu: Ukubhoboza kwendlela yokugaya ukudla ngenxa yengozi noma esinye isizathu.
- Imithambo ye-Varicose emhubheni noma esiswini: Imithambo ye-Varicose emhubheni nasesiswini, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sesibindi, ingavuvukala futhi iqhume, okubangela ukopha okukhulu.
- Ukudabuka komphimbo ngenxa yokuhlanza ngokweqile: Uma uhlanza njalo nangamandla amakhulu, umphimbo ungadabuka futhi wophe igazi.
- Izimo zomdlavuza: Izimo zomdlavuza esiswini, emhubheni, noma kuma-pancreas nazo zingabangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Imfiva ebangelwa amagciwane njenge-Ebola: Nakuba lokhu kungavamile eSri Lanka, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezinzima nazo zingabangela ukopha kwangaphakathi.
Ezinye izizathu ezenza indle ibe mnyama ngaphandle kokuphuma kwegazi
Ngaphambi kokuba wethuke, cabanga ukuthi lezi zinto nazo zibangela ukuthi indle yakho ibe mnyama.
- Amaphilisi ensimbi: Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi indle ibe mnyama uma uthatha amaphilisi ensimbi ngenxa ye-anemia. Lokhu kuyinto evamile futhi akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
- Imithi ethile: Imithi ethile equkethe i-bismuth subsalicylate, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinkinga zesisu, ingabangela nendle emnyama.
- Amalahle asebenzayo:Lo muthi, onikezwayo uma kugwinywa ubuthi, ubangela nokuthi indle ibe mnyama.
- Ukudla okunombala omnyama: Ukudla ukudla okuningi okunombala omnyama, njengesoseji yegazi, ama-blueberry, namagilebhisi ansomi, nakho kungashintsha umbala wendle yakho.
Kungani kufanele ubonane nodokotela futhi yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?
Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi uneMelena, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela, kunokuqagela nje ekhaya. Udokotela uzokubuza imibuzo, enze izivivinyo ezidingekayo, bese ethola imbangela.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela eqondile yokopha. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokwenza izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Lomlingo Wendle: Lokhu kungabona ukuthi kukhona igazi elincane yini esitulweni elingabonakali emehlweni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi umzimba wakho ulahlekelwe yigazi elingakanani nokuthi yini ebangela ukopha.
- Ukuskena: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan noma i-CT angiogram kungasiza ekutholeni indawo yokopha.
- I-endoscopy ephezulu (ukuhlolwa kwe-EGD): Lolu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokwenziwa kakhulu. Ipayipi elincane, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera enamathiselwe lifakwa ngomlomo bese lihlola umphimbo, isisu, kanye nokuqala kwamathumbu amancane. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni ngqo ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kukuphi, ngezinye izikhathi kwelashwe ngokushesha, bese kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu ukuze ihlolwe (i-'biopsy').
Izimpawu zengozi ezidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha
Uma unalezi zimpawu kanye nendle emnyama, hamba uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha, ngoba lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokopha okukhulu.
- Ukuhlanza igazi (okubomvu okusha noma okunsundu njengekhofi).
- Ukuzungeza okukhulu, ukuzizwa ukhathele, kanye nokuquleka.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Indle emnyama izinsuku eziningana zilandelana.
Khumbula, ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kuhlale kuyisimo esibucayi. Ngesikhathi ubona indle emnyama, kungenzeka ukuthi sekudlule izinsuku eziningana kusukela ukopha kuqalile. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokulibala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Indle emnyama, ephuzi (i-melena) iyisibonakaliso esikhulu sokuphuma kwegazi, ngokuvamile engxenyeni engenhla yomgudu wokugaya ukudla (njengesisu).
- Indle emnyama ingase ingabangelwa ukopha njalo. Izithasiselo zensimbi, imithi ethile, kanye nokudla nakho kungabangela lokhu.
- I-Melena ibonakala ngephunga elinamandla kakhulu nelingathandeki esitulweni. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esihle sokusihlukanisa nesisi esimnyama esivamile.
- Uma indle emnyama ihambisana nezinye izimpawu, njengobuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, noma isiyezi esikhulu, ungakushayi indiva lokho.
- Uma usola ukuthi une-melena, ungalibali bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela eqondile.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinzima njengokuhlanza igazi, isiyezi esinzima, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
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