Ingabe kukhona iqhubu elisha esikhumbeni sakho? Masiqaphele le Merkel Cell Carcinoma eyingozi!

Wake waphawula iqhubu elincane noma iqhubu esikhumbeni sakho? Kungenzeka ukuthi ubucabanga ukuthi liyiqhubu nje noma inxeba elincane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nezinto ezincane ezifana nalezi zingaba zimbi kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olungavamile kodwa oluyingozi kakhulu. Lokho yi-Merkel Cell Carcinoma, noma i-"Merkel Cell Carcinoma".

Kuyini i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

Kalula nje, i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olungavamile, olusakazeka ngokushesha, futhi olungase lube yingozi empilweni. Luvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-Merkel, atholakala engxenyeni engaphandle yesikhumba sethu, i-epidermis.

Cabanga ngakho, isikhumba sethu asisona nje isimbozo. Sinezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli. Lawa maseli e-Merkel nawo angamaseli enza umsebenzi okhethekile kangaka. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet eyingozi evela elangeni (i-Ultraviolet - ukukhanya kwe-UV) kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi, lawa maseli e-Merkel aba amaseli omdlavuza futhi aqale ukukhula ngokungalawuleki. Into eyingozi kakhulu ngalo mdlavuza ukuthi ungasakazeka ngokushesha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi uphinde uvele ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.

Ayini amaseli e-Merkel?

Manje ungase uzibuze, "Ayini amaseli e-Merkel?" Lawa maseli atholakala ekujuleni kwe-epidermis, ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba sethu. Aluhlobo lweseli olutholakala eduze kweziphetho zemizwa futhi lusisiza sizwe ukuthinta. Okukhethekile ukuthi aluhlobo lweseli olubizwa ngokuthi iseli le-neuroendocrine, elihilelekile kokubili ohlelweni lwezinzwa kanye nohlelo lwe-endocrine . Okusho ukuthi, lawa maseli aqukethe nezinto ezisebenza njengama-hormone.

Lawa maseli aqala ukutholwa futhi achazwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1800 ngudokotela waseJalimane ogama lakhe linguFriedrich Merkel. Yingakho ebizwa ngokuthi “amaseli kaMerkel.”

Uvame kangakanani lo mdlavuza?

Eqinisweni, i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Isibonelo, e-United States, cishe amacala amasha angu-3,000 kuphela alesi sifo ayenzeka minyaka yonke.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona okubalulekile lapha. Muva nje, inani labantu abathola i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma liye landa. Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu ukuthuthuka kokuhlolwa kokuxilonga. Futhi, lesi simo sithinta kakhulu abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70. Njengoba abantu bephila isikhathi eside, amathuba okuthola lesi sifo nawo anganda.

Amanye amagama e-Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Ungase uzwe amagama anjengalawa uma ukhuluma ngalo mdlavuza:

• I-MCC
• Umdlavuza weseli leMerkel
• I-neuroendocrine carcinoma yesikhumba
• Umdlavuza we-trabecular

Yini ebangela i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

Njengezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza wesikhumba, i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma ibangelwa ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) evela elangeni. Le ngozi ikhona futhi emithonjeni yokukhanya yokwenziwa njengemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba. Le misebe ye-UV ingalimaza izakhi zofuzo, noma i-DNA, yamaseli ethu esikhumba.

Elinye iqiniso elimangalisayo ukuthi cishe abantu abayisishiyagalombili kwabayishumi abanalo mdlavuza batheleleke ngegciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCP). Kodwa-ke, ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Ngoba, akuwona wonke umuntu onegciwane le-'MCP' othola lo mdlavuza. Eqinisweni, leli yigciwane elivame ukutheleleka ebuntwaneni futhi ngokuvamile alibonisi zimpawu. Akukho ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ukuthola ukuthi leli gciwane likhona yini. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha basabheka ukuthi kungani leli gciwane libangela umdlavuza wesikhumba kwabanye abantu kuphela.

Ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi umuntu onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka angase angakwazi ukulawula igciwane . Leli gciwane libe selibangela amangqamuzana esikhumba ukuthi akhiqize iphrotheni ekhethekile. Le phrotheni ivala izakhi zofuzo ezivame ukuvimba ukukhula komdlavuza.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel Cell Carcinoma ingavela kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala, ubulili, noma umbala wesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, ingozi iphezulu kakhulu kwabesilisa abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 abanesikhumba esikhanyayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izici eziningana eziyingozi:

• Uma uke waba nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba ngaphambilini, njenge-basal cell carcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, noma i-melanoma.
• Uma uke wasebenzisa imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba noma ushiswe kakhulu yilanga.
• Uma uthatha i-phototherapy yesifo sesikhumba esifana ne-psoriasis.
• Uma amasosha omzimba ebuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, i-HIV, kanye ne-AIDS, noma ezinye izimbangela.
• Uma uthatha imithi yokufakelwa izitho noma imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ngemva kokufakelwa izitho.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel cell carcinoma ivame ukuvela ezindaweni zesikhumba ezivezwe elangeni. Ungase uqaphele iqhubu elikhazimulayo, elibukeka njengeparele elivele endaweni evezwe elangeni.

Lezi ziqhumane zivame ukubonakalaEbusweni bakho, entanyeni, ezingalweni, noma ezinkopheni. Kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama, ngezinye izikhathi kungavela emilenzeni. Kubantu abasebasha, lawa maqhubu angavela ezindaweni ezifana nesifuba nesisu (isisu). Ngezinye izikhathi, la maqhubu angaqhuma abukeke njengezilonda.

Lesi simila singase sibonise izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ezethu zingangengxenye yohlamvu lwemali (cishe amasentimitha amabili) futhi zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Kuvele isakhiwo esifana nedome.
• Kuzwakala kuqinile.
• Ukuklwebha.
• Kungase kubukeke njenge-acne noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane.
• Kungaba nombala ofanayo nesikhumba, noma obomvu, onsomi, noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-obomvu.
• Kubuhlungu noma kuzwakala kubuhlungu uma kuthintwa.

Okubalulekile: Uma ubona ushintsho lwesikhumba olunje, ikakhulukazi uma lukhula ngokushesha, qiniseka ukuthi ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel Cell Carcinoma uhlobo lomdlavuza olunolaka kakhulu olusakazeka ngokushesha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Uma umdlavuza usakazeka kusukela lapho waqala khona ukuya kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza osakazeka kalula. Umdlavuza osakazeke ngale ndlela kunzima kakhulu ukuwuphatha.

I-Merkel cell carcinoma iqala isakazekele ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic, okuyi-lymph nodes. Ukusuka lapho, ingasakazekela emathanjeni, emaphashini, ebuchosheni, noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Lo mdlavuza ungabulala.

Itholakala kanjani i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

Izimo zesikhumba ezifana ne-Merkel cell carcinoma zixilongwa futhi zelashwe udokotela wesikhumba. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ogxile kumdlavuza wesikhumba. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinye izimila ezingezona umdlavuza (ama-cyst angenabungozi), ama-follicle ezinwele athelelekile (i-folliculitis), kanye namaqhubu ejwabu (ama-styes) nazo zingabukeka njenge-Merkel cell carcinoma.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ahlole umzimba wakho wonke. Uzophinde azwe noma yimaphi ama-lymph node avuvukele, okungaba uphawu lokutheleleka noma ukusabalala komdlavuza. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazothatha ucezu oluncane lwesigaxa esisolisayo bese benza i-biopsy yesikhumba ukuze bahlole amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ziyini izigaba zomdlavuza?

Odokotela basebenzisa ukuhlolwa komdlavuza ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani. Lesi sigaba sinqunywa ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa. Uma inani lesigaba liphezulu, kulapho umdlavuza ususakazeke khona kakhulu.

• Isigaba 0: I-Merkel cell carcinoma itholakala kuphela engxenyeni ephezulu yesikhumba.
• Isigaba IV (4): Umdlavuza ususakazekele ezithweni ezikude.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswayo ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza?

Ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale isigaba se-Merkel Cell Carcinoma:

• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• Ukuskena kwe-Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
• I-Sentinel node biopsy noma i-needle biopsy

Iphathwa kanjani i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-Merkel cell carcinoma kuncike esigabeni somdlavuza. Umdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala (izigaba 0 kuya ku-II [2]) usabela kangcono ekwelashweni kunomdlavuza wesigaba sokugcina (izigaba III kanye ne-IV [3 kanye ne-4]).

Odokotela basusa izimila ze-Merkel cell carcinoma ngokuhlinzwa. Kunezinketho eziningana zokuhlinzwa:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ngokucophelela kuphela izingqimba eziqukethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kuyilapho kushiya isikhumba esinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Ukususwa kwendawo ebanzi: Kulokhu, isimila somdlavuza siyasuswa kanye nezinye izicubu ezinempilo ezisizungezile.
• Ukusikwa kwama-lymph node: Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwama-lymph node lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza esakazeke khona.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa kabusha noma ukufakelwa isikhumba ukuze welaphe futhi ubuyisele indawo elashwe kuyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa komdlavuza okunjengalokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asele emzimbeni:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ingabe i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma ingavinjelwa?

Yebo, ungazivikela ekulimaleni kwelanga futhi unciphise ingozi yakho yokuthola i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma ngokwenza okulandelayo:

• Faka isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-spectrum ebanzi ene-SPF okungenani engu-60 nsuku zonke, noma ngabe ungaphakathi endlini. Phinda ufake njalo emahoreni amabili uma uphuma ngaphandle.
• Nciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho emisebeni yelanga, eba sezingeni eliphezulu phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. Uma kufanele uphume ngaphandle, thola umthunzi.
• Ungasebenzisi imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba noma izibani zelanga.
• Uma uphuma ngaphandle, gqoka izingubo ezilukiwe kahle, imikhono emide, isigqoko esinompheme obanzi, kanye nezibuko zelanga ezinkulu.
• Funda ukuthi ungahlola kanjani isikhumba sakho wena. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezintsha esikhumbeni sakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Uyini umbono womuntu one-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel cell carcinoma inethuba elikhulu lokubuyela emuva ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezine futhi uhlolwe, njengezikrini zezithombe, ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ingabe i-repeat iyabuya yini.

Izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho iyonke, ubudala, kanye nesigaba somdlavuza, kuthinta ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kulo mdlavuza. Ochwepheshe bathi abantu abathathu kwabane abane-Merkel cell carcinoma yendawo bazosinda eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (umdlavuza osakazekile), lelo nani lehla liye koyedwa kwabane. Kodwa ungalilahli ithemba. Izivivinyo eziningi zemitholampilo ziyaqhubeka okwamanje ukuthola izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha i-Merkel cell carcinoma.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiluphi lwalezi zinguquko ezingachazeki esikhumbeni sakho, thintana nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Ukuvela kwebala elisha, ushintsho endaweni ekhona, noma ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni ethile.
• Izilonda ezinamaxolo noma eziqinile esikhumbeni.
• Amanxeba angapholi.
• Amaqhubu angachazeki, ikakhulukazi uma eluma, ebuhlungu, noma ekhula ngobukhulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Kungani ngithole i-Merkel Cell Carcinoma?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezimpawu zezinkinga?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ushaqekile futhi udabuke uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza wesikhumba, njenge-Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Ngenxa yokuthi lo mdlavuza ungasakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile esikhumbeni sakho. Udokotela wakho uzosusa isimila ngokuhlinzwa futhi angakunikeza nezinye izindlela zokwelapha kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza. Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, kufanele uhlolwe njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza ubuyile noma usakazeke.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi manje usunokuqonda okungcono nge-Merkel Cell Carcinoma, esikhulume ngayo namuhla. Nakuba lokhu kungumdlavuza ongavamile, kodwa ongaba yingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela isikhumba sakho nokusivikela elangeni. Uma ubona noma yini entsha noma engavamile esikhumbeni sakho, ungakushayi indiva njengento encane, kodwa uyibonise udokotela ngokushesha. Uma itholakala kusenesikhathi, amathuba okwelashwa ayanda. Hlala uphilile!

I- Merkel cell carcinoma, umdlavuza wesikhumba, imisebe ye-UV, amaseli e-Merkel, iqhubu lesikhumba, izimpawu zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, umdlavuza wesikhumba, imisebe ye-UV, amaseli e-Merkel, iqhubu lesikhumba, izimpawu zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza