Uma uke wabheka umbiko wokuhlolwa kwegazi, cishe uke wabona amagama amaningi. Phakathi kwawo, elikudonse iso kwakuyi-'Monocytes'. Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho usho okuthile ngakho, noma kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza ukuthi kuyini. Ngakho-ke, ayini lawa ma-monocyte? Abaluleke kangakanani emizimbeni yethu? Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngawo ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Ziyini lezi monocytes?
Kalula nje, ama-monocyte awuhlobo lwamaseli amhlophe egazi (i-leukocyte) egazini lethu. Cabanga ukuthi umzimba wakho uyizwe elikhulu. Kukhona ibutho elikwazi ukuvikela leli lizwe ezitheni (okungukuthi amagciwane abangela izifo) ezivela ngaphandle. Lelo butho liyisimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela . Ngakho-ke, la ma-monocyte afana neqembu lamasosha elibaluleke kakhulu, eliqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile kulelo butho.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wala masosha ukuthola nokubhubhisa izitha ezifana namagciwane, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta, kanye nama-protozoa angena emzimbeni. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi asebenza ekutholeni nasekuqedeni amaseli emizimbeni yethu asevele ethelelekile ngamagciwane. Futhi, lapho kunzima ukulwa wedwa, la masosha angama-monocyte athumela imiyalezo kwamanye amasosha ebuthweni (okungukuthi amanye amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi) ethi, "Kukhona isitha lapha, wozani nizosiza."
Ungachaza kancane ngendlela imisebenzi yabo eqhutshwa ngayo?
La masosha angama-monocyte aqala ukuphila kwawo emnkantsheni wethu wamathambo. Kufana nesikole sokuqeqesha ezempi. Kulapho aqeqeshwa khona kahle futhi alungele impi. Uma esevuthiwe kahle, aqala ukuhamba emzimbeni wonke ngemithambo yegazi. Kufana nokuya epaki.
Cabanga ukuthi igciwane lingene emizimbeni yethu. Kufana nesitha esihlasela izwe. Noma umlilo uqubuke edolobheni. Ngalesi sikhathi, kukhishwa isignali yesixwayiso. Lapho nje lesi signali sizwakala, amasosha e-monocyte aseduze athatha isinyathelo ngokushesha. Kodwa lapho eya kule mpi, ashintsha ukubukeka kwawo futhi ahlukane abe izinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli enza imisebenzi emibili ekhethekile.
1. Amaseli e-Dendritic - izithunywa nezinhloli
2. Ama-Macrophage - Abalwi Abangaphambili
Manje ake sibone ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi walaba bantu.
Amaseli e-Dendritic - isikhungo sokuxhumana
Lawa maseli afana nengalo yokuxhumana yebutho, noma isikhungo socingo somnyango womlilo. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuqaphela isitha lapho sifika, ukwazisa amanye amasosha anamandla ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba, nokucela usizo.
Lawa maseli e-dendritic atholakala kakhulu ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu, ezingqimbeni zangaphakathi zekhala lethu, amaphaphu, isisu, namathumbu, ngoba lezi yizindawo lapho amagciwane evame ukungena khona emzimbeni.
Uma igciwane lingena, la maseli ayahamba ayoqoqa i-antigen kulelo gciwane. Kalula nje, i-antigen ifana "nekhadi lokuhlonza" lalelo gciwane. Yilokho okuvumela amasosha ethu omzimba ukuba aqaphele ukuthi "lo akuyena umuntu ongowasemzimbeni wethu." Esebenzisa leli khadi lokuhlonza, amaseli e-dendritic akhipha imiyalezo ekhethekile yamakhemikhali (ama-cytokine) etshela amanye amaseli amhlophe egazi ukuthi, "Nansi isitha esinaleli khadi lokuhlonza, wozani nilwe ngokushesha."
Ama-Macrophage - Abalwi Abangaphambili
Laba bangama-commando angempela aya emigqeni engaphambili futhi alwe. Ngemva kokuthola umyalezo ovela kumaseli e-dendritic, ama-macrophage aya ngqo lapho kukhona khona isitha.
Lokho okwenziwa yila ma-macrophage ukuzungeza igciwane lesitha bese beligwinya lonke. Ngemva kokuligwinya, basebenzisa ama-enzyme anobuthi anamandla ngaphakathi emizimbeni yabo ukuze bancibilikise futhi babhubhise igciwane. Futhi, "ukuhlanza" nokususa amangqamuzana afile nezicubu ezonakele ngemva kokulwa kungomunye umsebenzi obalulekile wala maseli e-macrophage.
Zibukeka kanjani lezi monocytes?
Ama-monocyte uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu lwamaseli amhlophe egazini lethu. Acishe abe kabili ngobukhulu kuneseli elibomvu legazi elivamile. Uma ebhekwa nge-microscope, makhulu futhi kulula ukuwabona.
I-nucleus ephakathi kwala maseli ikhethekile kakhulu. Ithatha izimo ezahlukene. Njengoba iseli lihamba emzimbeni wonke, isimo se-nucleus singashintsha. Ezinye zezimo eziyinhloko ezingabonakala yilezi:
- Isimo sobhontshisi ofana nezinso
- Isimo se-Horseshoe
- Isimo sendilinga ende kancane
Mangaki ama-monocyte okufanele ngibe nawo egazini lami? (Ibanga elijwayelekile)
Kumuntu omdala onempilo, ama-monocyte abhekwa njengajwayelekile uma enza phakathi kuka-2% no-8% wenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi. Ngokwezibalo, lokhu kuphakathi kwama-monocyte angu-200 no-800 nge-microliter ngayinye yegazi.
Kodwa nansi into okufanele uyikhumbule nakanjani. Lolu "hla olujwayelekile" lungahluka kancane kuye ngelebhu lapho uthola khona ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho. Ngakho-ke uma ubheka umbiko wakho wegazi, hhayi nje kuphela inani lakho, kodwa futhi nohla olujwayelekile lwalelo lebhu kukhulunywa ngalo ohlangothini olufanayo. Bheka ukuthi inani lakho lingaphakathi kwalelo banga. Uma inani lakho lama-monocyte liphansi noma liphakeme kunokujwayelekile, udokotela wakho uzothola ukuthi siyini isizathu futhi akunike incazelo engcono kakhulu yaso.
Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingabangela ushintsho ekubalweni kwama-monocyte?
Ngokuvamile, inani lama-monocyte liyancipha noma liyanda lapho umzimba wethu ulwa nokutheleleka noma isifo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lolu shintsho enanini lungase lungabi yisifo, kodwa lube uphawu lwesinye isifo. Ngezinye izikhathi, la manani angase ashintshe njengomphumela ongemuhle womuthi.
Inani elikhulayo lama-monocytes (i-Monocytosis)
Uma inani lama-monocyte egazini liphezulu kunokujwayelekile, ngokwezokwelapha sikubiza ngokuthi i-monocytosis . Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwezimo ezahlukahlukene zezokwelapha. Isibonelo, kungaba yisimo esithelelanayo njenge-mononucleosis noma isifo sokuzivikela komzimba njenge-lupus. Ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko zokwanda kwama-monocyte yilezi:
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo
- Izinkinga zegazi
- Umdlavuza
- Isifo senhliziyo
- Ukucindezeleka okungapheli
- Ukutheleleka kwesikhathi esifushane nesikhathi eside
- Izinkinga zokuvuvukala
- Ukukhulelwa
I-Monocytopenia
Inani eliphansi kunelijwayelekile lama-monocyte egazini libizwa ngokuthi i-monocytopenia . Noma yini enciphisa inani eliphelele lamaseli amhlophe egazi ingabangela nokwehla kwama-monocyte. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:
- I-anemia ye-Aplastic
- Ukutheleleka ngegazi
- Ukulimala kokusha
- Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezihlola amazinga ami e-monocyte?
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kakhulu kusetshenziswa ukuthola inani lama-monocyte akho. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa ezisetshenziswa kulokhu.
| Igama lokuhlolwa | Lokho okuboniswa yilokhu |
|---|---|
| Inani Eliphelele Legazi (i-CBC) | Lokhu kunikeza incazelo eningiliziwe yohlobo ngalunye lweseli egazini lakho: amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. Isigaba 'sokwehlukanisa' sibala izinhlobo ezi-5 zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (kufaka phakathi ama-monocyte) ngokwehlukana futhi sibonisa ukuthi amaphesenti awo ajwayelekile, aphansi, noma aphezulu. |
| Inani Eliphelele Lama-Monocyte | Lokhu kunikeza inani eliqondile lokuthi mangaki amaseli e-monocyte asesampula yegazi lakho, kunokuba kube yiphesenti. |
Ingabe izimpawu ziyenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ekubalweni kwama-monocyte?
Nakhu lapho abantu abaningi bephazama khona. Ngeke ube nezimpawu ngoba nje inani lama-monocyte akho liphansi noma liphezulu. Kunalokho, noma yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo zibangelwa yisimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo esibangele ukushintsha kwenani lama-monocyte akho.
Isibonelo, inani lama-monocyte akho lingase likhuphuke ngenxa yento efana nomkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu bomzimba. Kuleso simo, uzothola umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, hhayi izimpawu zokwanda kwama-monocyte. Ngakho-ke, ushintsho enanini lama-monocyte akusona isifo, kodwa kunalokho luyisibonakaliso sesinye isifo noma isimo.
Ngingawabuyisela kanjani amazinga ami e-monocyte esimweni esijwayelekile?
Izinketho zokwelapha zincike embangela yamazinga akho e-monocyte. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimo esiyisisekelo kumele siqale sitholakale futhi selashwe. Udokotela wakho uzoba umuntu ongcono kakhulu wokukweluleka ngalokhu. Ungalokothi uzame ukuzelapha.
Ngokuvamile, nazi ezinye izinto udokotela angase aziphakamise ukulawula amazinga e-monocyte:
| Ukunciphisa inani lama-monocyte (uma liphakanyisiwe) | Ukwandisa inani lama-monocyte (uma liphansi) |
|---|---|
| Ukugwema ukudla okubangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni (isib. ukudla okunoshukela omningi, okunamafutha amaningi). | Ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha, ukushintsha umthamo noma isikhathi semithi oyithathayo njengamanje. |
| Ukuzivocavoca njalo. | Ukuphathwa okufanele kwezimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo. |
| Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. | Ukwelashwa okufanele kwezifo ezikhona. |
| Ukwelashwa okufanele kwezimo zezempilo eziyisisekelo. | Uma unesifo sokuntuleka kwamavithamini, thatha izithasiselo ezifana ne-vitamin B12, C, kanye ne-D njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. |
Ngingawagcina kanjani amaseli ami e-monocyte ephilile?
Amaseli akho e-monocyte ayingxenye yesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela. Ngakho-ke, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugcina sonke isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela siqinile. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingakusiza ukwenza lokho:
- Zivikele ekulimaleni nasekuthelelekeni ngangokunokwenzeka: Gwema ukuchayeka ngokungadingekile kumagciwane.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca: Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba kubalulekile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba.
- Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka: Izinto ezilula njengokugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho zingenza umehluko omkhulu.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kwenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile kuyingozi ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba.
- Lala ngokwanele: Ukulala kubalulekile ukuze umzimba ululame futhi ulungise amangqamuzana omzimba.
Ekugcineni, ama-monocyte angabaqaphi abathule bomzimba wethu. Ahlala esebenza ukuze asivikele ezifweni. Ngakho-ke ukulandela indlela yokuphila enhle ukuze siwagcine ephilile kungenye yezinto ezinkulu esingazenzela imizimba yethu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-monocyte awuhlobo olubalulekile lwamaseli amhlophe egazini ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela olulwa namagciwane.
- Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kubonisa ama-monocyte aphezulu noma aphansi, kungase kungabi yisifo ngokwaso, kodwa kunalokho kube uphawu lwesinye isimo sezokwelapha noma ukutheleleka.
- Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele okulula (i-CBC) kunganquma amazinga akho e-monocyte.
- Ungalokothi wesabe izindinganiso ezisembikweni wakho wedwa. Xoxa ngakho njalo nodokotela wakho bese uthola iseluleko esifanele.
- Ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukulala ngokwanele, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kungagcina amasosha omzimba wakho ephilile.
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