Ingabe inhliziyo yakho nayo ishaya ngokushesha? Ingabe lokhu kungaba yi-Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)?

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya sengathi iyahlanya? Noma uzizwa into engavamile, njengobunzima esifubeni sakho? Ungesabi, ungasheshi ukucabanga ukuthi konke lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yento ethile engathi sína. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT) , esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)?

Kalula nje, i-multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT) yisimo lapho izimpawu zikagesi ezivela emakamelweni amabili aphezulu enhliziyo yakho, okuthiwa i-atria, zenziwa ngendlela engahlelekile, zivela ezindaweni ezahlukene. Cabanga ngakho njengokungathi "izikhungo eziningi ezincane zemiyalezo kagesi" kulezi zindawo eziphezulu zenhliziyo yakho ziqala ukusebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kubangela inhliziyo yakho ukuba ishaye ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngokungajwayelekile . Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingaphezu kwama-beats ayi-100 ngomzuzu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ku-MAT lingafinyelela kuma-beats ayi-150 ngomzuzu. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Chaotic Atrial Tachycardia , okusho ukuthi "chaotic atrial tachycardia."

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-MAT ne-Atrial Fibrillation?

Zombili lezi zimo ziyizigqi zenhliziyo ezingavamile ezenzeka emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo, i-atria. Eqinisweni, ngezinye izikhathi umuntu one-MAT angatholakala ngephutha ukuthi une -atrial fibrillation . Kodwa-ke, udokotela angabona umehluko phakathi kwalezi zibili ngokubheka imiphumela yakho ye-Electrocardiogram (EKG) . Ngokuyinhloko babheka 'amagagasi e-P' ku-EKG, aqoshwa lapho i-atria yenhliziyo incipha. Lezi zibili zihlukaniswa ngephethini yazo.

Okubalulekile, cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-MAT bangase babe ne -atrial fibrillation noma i-atrial flutter kamuva.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

I-MAT ivame ukubonakala kakhulu kubantu abadala, ngokuvamile abaneminyaka engaba ngu-70 ubudala . Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ingenzeka nasezinganeni ezincane. Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-MAT yilabo abagula kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-MAT ingenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kwesinye isimo sezokwelapha kunokuba umuntu ophilile abe ne-MAT ngokuzumayo.

Lokhu kuyisifo esingavamile kakhulu se-heart rhythm . I-MAT ibonakala ngaphansi kwe-1% yazo zonke izifo ze-heart rhythm (arrhythmias).

Kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kusukela ku-MAT?

Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengephampu yamanzi. Iphampa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Yenza umsebenzi wayo kahle kuphela uma ishaya ngesivinini nesigqi esifanele.

Kodwa-ke, esimweni esifana ne-MAT, inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu., amakamelo amane enhliziyo awatholi isikhathi esanele sokugcwala igazi. Igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lihamba enhliziyweni liye emaphashini, lithathe umoya-mpilo, bese libuyela enhliziyweni ukuze liphampelwe kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi esiphakathi kwalokhu kushaya kwenhliziyo sifushane kakhulu, inani legazi eligcwalisa amakamelo enhliziyo ngesikhathi esisodwa lingaphansi kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile. Lokho kusho ukuthi inani legazi eliya emangqamuzaneni omzimba wakho ngokushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye nalo lincane . Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umzimba wakho ungawutholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ozidingayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-MAT?

Iningi labantu alibi nazo izimpawu ezithile ngenxa ye-MAT. Kodwa-ke, ungase ube nezimpawu zezinye izimo zezokwelapha okungenzeka ukuthi zibangele i-MAT.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi i-MAT ingabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo (ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha)
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukuquleka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-MAT?

Iningi labantu abane-MAT (phakathi kuka-60% no-85%) banezimo ezihlobene namaphaphu . Kulezi , i-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) iyimbangela eyinhloko. Cabanga nje, abanye abantu banokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphefumula, nezinto ezinjalo.

Ezinye izizathu zingabizwa ngokuthi:

• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu
• Isifo semithambo ye-coronary
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Amazinga aphansi e-potassium, i-magnesium noma i-sodium emzimbeni
• Umdlavuza
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus)
• Kuhlinzwa kakhulu
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso
• I-pulmonary embolism (lokhu kuyinto engavamile)
• Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo (lokhu nakho akuvamile)

Kalula nje, noma yikuphi ukugula okungathi sína okubeka ingcindezi enkulu nokucindezeleka emzimbeni kungabangela i-MAT.

Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi ngine-MAT?

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga i-MAT ngokuhlolwa kwe- Electrocardiogram (EKG) . Cishe uke wazibona lezo zitikha ezincane esifubeni nasezingalweni zakho ezilinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Yileyo ndlela ezixilongwa ngayo. Iphethini ku-EKG iqondene ngqo ne-MAT.

Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale i-MAT?

Ukuze kutholakale i-MAT ngokunembile, ukuhlolwa kwe-EKG kwanele .

Kodwa-ke, uma usutholakale une-MAT, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola isimo sezokwelapha esibangela lokhu. Lokhu kungafaka:

• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi - Isibonelo, ukuhlola amazinga kasawoti emzimbeni nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukutheleleka.
• Akuvamile kakhulu, i-ultrasound yenhliziyo, okungukuthi, i- echocardiogram .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-MAT?

Esikhathini esiningi, abantu abane-MAT badinga ukwelashwa ngesimo esiyisisekelo esibangele i-MAT . Isibonelo, uma unesifo esibi samaphaphu futhi uba ne-MAT, odokotela bazoqala bazame ukwelapha leso sifo. Uma isimo esiyisisekelo seselashwe, i-MAT ivame ukuzixazulula yodwa.

Uma une-MAT, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele ulaliswe esibhedlela ngenxa yesimo esibucayi, njengokucindezeleka kokuphefumula. Odokotela bazobe sebekunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo kwaleso simo.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kungadingeka ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ama-Beta-blocker, njenge-metoprolol (Lopressor® noma i-Toprol®XL), asebenza ngokulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ukunikeza usawoti we-magnesium kanye ne-potassium uma untula emzimbeni.
• Ama-calcium channel blocker , njenge-verapamil (i-Verelan® noma i-Calan®) noma i-diltiazem (i-Diltzac® noma i-Cardizem®), nawo ayasiza ekulawuleni izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Akuvamile kakhulu, okungukuthi, uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingenakukulawula, izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nokususwa kwama-node e-AV (ukuvimbela ingxenye yendlela kagesi yesignali yenhliziyo) kanye ne-pacemaker (idivayisi efakwe ukuze igcine ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile) zingasetshenziswa.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Eminye imithi enikezwa i-MAT ingabangela imiphumela emibi efana nalokhu:

• Isiyezi
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isisu esibuhlungu, njengesicanucanu (Isisu esibuhlungu)
• Uhudo
• Ukuqunjelwa

Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, tshela udokotela wakho. Angase akwazi ukushintsha umthamo noma akunikeze omunye umuthi.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola i-MAT?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-MAT ukwanda kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi isifo samaphaphu noma isifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, uma ungakwazi ukulawula kahle isifo sakho samaphaphu esikhona (njenge-COPD, i-asthma) noma isifo senhliziyo , okungukuthi, uma uphuza imithi yakho njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi futhi uthola ukuhlolwa njalo, unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-MAT.

Kwenzekani kumuntu one-MAT? Liyini ikusasa?

Uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya usuka esibhedlela ngemuva kokuba isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele i-MAT seselashwe ngempumelelo. Lesi simo ngokwaso, i-MAT, sivame ukuxazululeka lapho imbangela eyisisekelo yelashwa.

Kodwa-ke, ukubikezela komuntu one-MAT kunqunywa ubucayi besimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo kunokuba kunqunywe yi-MAT uqobo.Ngenxa yokuthi izimo eziyisisekelo ezibangela i-MAT (njengokwehluleka kwamaphaphu, ukutheleleka okukhulu) ngezinye izikhathi zingaba yingozi empilweni, phakathi kuka-30% no-60% wabantu abane-MAT bayafa ngesikhathi behlala esibhedlela. Khumbula, lokhu kufa ngokuvamile akubangelwa yi-MAT uqobo, kodwa kunalokho kubangelwa ukugula okuyisisekelo, okubi okubangele lokho.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-MAT futhi isimo esiyisisekelo seselashwe, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uqhubeke nokuthatha ama-beta-blockers noma ama-calcium channel blockers isikhashana. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela kubantu abangaba ngu-25% abane-MAT.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe bese uthatha imithi yakho ngendlela efanele.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze?

Kuzodingeka ube nezikhathi zokulandelela isimo esikubangele ukuthi ube ne-MAT. Uma kuyisimo sesikhathi eside (isibonelo, i-COPD), kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi silawulwa kahle.

Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Dokotela, ngidinga ukuthatha lo muthi engiwunikezwe isikhathi esingakanani?"
• "Ungangichazela kancane ngalokho ikusasa elingiphathele kona, uma ubheka isimo sami?"
• "Ngingayithola yini le nkinga ye-MAT futhi?"

Abantu abaningi abane-MAT abanazo izimpawu, ngakho-ke kungamangaza ukwazi ukuthi banalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho elaphe isimo esiyisisekelo (ngokuvamile isifo samaphaphu) esibangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ubuza imibuzo uma kukhona ongakuqondi. Njengoba isimo sakho esiyisisekelo sithuthuka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho okungajwayelekile nakho kuzothuthuka.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, nansi indlela elula yokukhumbula lokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-MAT yisimo lapho inhliziyo ishaya khona ngokushesha nangokungajwayelekile ngenxa yezimpawu zikagesi eziguquguqukayo ezivela ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zenhliziyo.
• Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abanezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingathi sína, ikakhulukazi izifo zamaphaphu (njenge-COPD).
• Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu ezithile ze-MAT, kodwa bangase babe nezimpawu zesifo esiyisisekelo.
• I-MAT ihlolwa ngokunembile nge-EKG.
• Ukwelashwa kuhlose kakhulu isifo esiyisisekelo esibangele i-MAT. Khona-ke i-MAT nayo izothuthuka kakhulu.
• Ngezinye izikhathi imithi (ama-Beta-blockers, ama-Calcium channel blockers) inganikezwa ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ubunzima be-MAT bunqunywa yisifo esibangele lokho.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngqo bese uya kohlolwa okuhleliwe.

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enenkinga efana nale, ungesabi ukubona udokotela bese uthola iseluleko. Uma isheshe yatholakala futhi yelashwa, kungcono.

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo , isifo senhliziyo, i-tachycardia, i-MAT, isifo samaphaphu, i-EKG, ubunzima bokuphefumula