Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi indlela ocabanga futhi oqonda ngayo izinto ihlukile kancane kweyabanye? Noma uke waphawula ukuthi ingane yakho ifunda, iziphathe kahle, futhi ixhumana nabantu ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izingane? Namuhla sikhuluma ngalezi zinhlobo zokushintsha kobuchopho. Kukhona igama elikhethekile lalokhu: 'Neurodivergent'. Lesi akusona isifo, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Kuyini ngempela i-neurodivergent?
Kalula nje, elithi "Neurodivergent" lisho ukuthi ngenxa yokungafani kwendlela ubuchopho bomuntu obusebenza ngayo, bafunda, baqonde, futhi babone umhlaba ngendlela ehlukile kunabanye abantu abaningi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi laba bantu bangase babe namandla nezinselele ezikhethekile abanye abangenazo.
Leli akulona igama lezokwelapha. Liyigama elisetshenziswa ukukhuluma ngokuhlukahluka kobuchopho bomuntu, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amagama athi "okuvamile" kanye "nokungasebenzi kahle." Ngoba akekho onganikeza incazelo eyodwa yokuthi ubuchopho bomuntu kufanele busebenze kanjani "ngokuvamile."
Bese kuthi labo abangebona abantu abahlukanisa izinzwa babizwa ngokuthi “abane-Neurotypical.” Okusho ukuthi, labo abangenawo umehluko okhethekile othinta ukusebenza kobuchopho babo, futhi abavame ukucabanga njengeningi labantu emphakathini.
Leli gama lavela kanjani?
Igama elithi "neurodivergent" livela egameni elithi "neurodiversity." Leli gama laqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-1998 yisazi sezenhlalo sase-Australia uJudy Singer. Wayesho ukuthi ubuchopho bomuntu wonke buyathuthuka futhi busebenze ngendlela yabo ehlukile.
Cabanga ngakho njengeminwe yethu. Ngisho namawele afanayo anobuchopho obuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukusho ngqo ukuthi "ubuchopho obujwayelekile" buyini.
Umqondo wokuhlukahluka kwemizwa usho ukuthi umehluko ekusebenzeni kobuchopho akuyona isifo noma isici, kodwa kunalokho ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo okuyingxenye yesintu.
Ingabe lokhu ukukhubazeka?
Into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi ukuba yi-neurodivergent akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba ukhubazekile. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu aba-neurodivergent bangase babhekane nobunzima obuhlukahlukene ngenxa yezinhlelo emphakathini wethu, esikoleni, nasemsebenzini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezo zinhlelo zenzelwe ukuhambisana neningi labantu "abane-Neurotypical".
Cabanga ngalezi zibonelo ezimbili.
1. Ingxoxo yomsebenzi:Abanye abantu abasebenzisa i-Neurodivergent banenkinga yokuzihlanganisa nabantu. Ngakho-ke bangase bangenzi kahle engxoxweni yomsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, uma inkampani ibinokuhlolwa okulinganisa amakhono abo esikhundleni se-interview, lowo muntu ubengawuthola kalula umsebenzi. Uma sebewutholile umsebenzi, bangase babe ngumgcini zimali ongcono kakhulu enkampanini ngenxa yokunaka kwabo okumangalisayo imininingwane kanye nekhono lokukhumbula imininingwane.
2. Indawo enomsindo: Abanye abantu abakwazi ukumelana nomsindo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke ihhovisi eligcwele abantu libahlupha kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma unika lowo muntu ama-headphone amahle okucisha umsindo, angagxila ngokuphelele emsebenzini wakhe futhi abe yisisebenzi esingcono kakhulu eqenjini.
Kuzo zombili lezi zibonelo, ukwesekwa kanye nendawo yokuhlala eyanikezwayo kwabasiza banqoba izinselele zabo. Lokhu kufana nokwakha irempu esikhundleni sezitebhisi zomuntu osebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile. Kusho ukuvuma ukungezwani kwabo nokubanika amathuluzi abawadingayo ukuze baphumelele.
Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezibonakala kubantu abanezinzwa ezihlukene?
Abantu abazibiza ngokuthi bahlukanisa izinzwa ngokuvamile banesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo: Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi lokhu akuyona indlela yezokwelapha, ngakho abantu abanezimo ezingangeni kulolu hlu, noma hhayi wonke umuntu onalezi zimo, bangazibiza ngokuthi bahlukanisa izinzwa.
| Isimo | Isingeniso esifushane |
|---|---|
| Isifo Sokuphazamiseka Kwe-Autism (ASD) | Izinguquko ebudlelwaneni bomphakathi, ekuxhumaneni nasekuziphatheni. |
| Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukunaka (ADHD) | Ubunzima bokugcina ukunaka, ukusebenza ngokweqile, kanye nokungacabangi kahle. |
| I-Dyslexia | Ubunzima bokufunda nokubona izinhlamvu. |
| I-Dyscalculia | Ubunzima ngemisebenzi yezibalo kanye nezinombolo. |
| I-Dyspraxia | Ubunzima bokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza komzimba. |
| I-Tourette Syndrome | Imisindo noma ukunyakaza okungalawuleki (ukudlikiza). |
| Izimo zempilo yengqondo ezifana ne-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), i-Bipolar Disorder | Izimo ezahlukahlukene ezithinta imicabango, imizwa, kanye nokuziphatha. |
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi mina/ingane yami ine-Neurodivergent?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibhekene nanoma yiluphi lwalezi zinguquko, into yokuqala nengcono kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukukhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho (udokotela). Angakudlulisela kuchwepheshe uma kudingeka. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini isimo sezokwelapha esibangela ukuthi ukusebenza kobuchopho bakho kushintshe.
Khumbula, ukuhlukahluka kwemizwa akunakuvinjelwa, kwelashwe, noma kwelashwe. Kungukuhlukahluka kwemvelo endleleni ubuchopho bomuntu wonke obukhula ngayo. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona isimo esibangela lokhu (njenge-ADHD), singalawulwa. Kunezindlela zokwelapha zokuziphatha, imithi, kanye nezinhlelo ezingakusiza ukuthi usebenzise amandla akho ngokugcwele futhi uphumelele empilweni.
Singamsiza kanjani umuntu onesifo sokungezwani kwezinzwa?
Uma unomuntu ohlukunyezwa yizinzwa emndenini wakho, kubangani, noma emsebenzini, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze umsekele.
- Lalela: Laba bantu bavame ukuzizwa sengathi akekho obaqondayo. Ngakho-ke balalele. Benze bazizwe sengathi uyayihlonipha imibono yabo kanye nokukhetha kwabo.
- Khuluma ngendlela elula kubo: Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuxhumana ngemiyalezo noma ama-imeyili kunokuba baxoxe ubuso nobuso. Banike isikhathi nethuba lokwenza kanjalo.
- Ungazilebuli: Gwema amalebula anjengokuthi "ukusebenza kahle kakhulu" noma "ukusebenza kancane." La magama avame ukukala kuphela ukuthi uziphatha kangakanani njengomuntu onesifo sezinzwa.
- Akuwona wonke umuntu ofanayo:Ngisho nabantu ababili abanesimo esifanayo (isib. i-autism) bangahluka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke ungacabangi ukuthi wonke umuntu uyafana ngokusekelwe kumuntu oyedwa.
- Ungacabangi ukuthi awunalo ikhono noma uhlakaniphe: Abantu abahlukene ngemizwa bangase babonakale behlukile kwabanye ngenxa yokungafani kwabo. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi abanamakhono noma abahlakaniphe kangako. Phatha wonke umuntu ngenhlonipho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Neurodivergent akuyona isifo noma isici. Kuwukuhlukahluka kwemvelo endleleni ubuchopho bethu obusebenza ngayo.
- Laba bantu banamandla ahlukile abanye abangenawo, kanye nezinselele ababhekana nazo ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke.
- Amazwi angashintsha impilo yomunye umuntu. Ukwamukela umuntu “njengohlukile” kunomthelela omkhulu ekuzethembeni kwakhe nasenjabulweni kunokumbiza ngokuthi “uyagula” noma “unesici.”
- Abantu abasebenzisa izindlela zokushintshashintsha izinzwa bangaphumelela kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umkhakha uma benikezwa ukuqonda okufanele, ukwesekwa, kanye nezinsiza ezidingekayo.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninokungabaza ngalokhu, ningalokothi nenze izinqumo ninodwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisana nodokotela wakho (udokotela) ukuze nithole iseluleko .
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