Ingabe udokotela wakho uke wakuncoma umuthi wokugomela i-Nivolumab kuwe noma komunye umuntu emndenini wakho ukuze welaphe umdlavuza? Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe kafushane ngokuthi lo muthi uyini, wenzani, nokuthi yini okudingeka uyiqaphele. Lo muthi uyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa uthuthuke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uwuqonde kahle.
Uyini lo muthi wokugomela i-Nivolumab?
Kalula nje, i-Nivolumab (evame ukwaziwa ngegama lomkhiqizo i-Opdivo) iwumuthi wokugomela ongowesigaba esikhethekile semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-monoclonal antibodies . Lokhu kusho ukuthi iyiprotheni ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu, isize ukuthi ibone, ihlasele, futhi ibhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ayifani ne-chemotherapy, kodwa isebenza ngendlela ehlukile.
Lomuthi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelapha izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza. Ezinye zazo yilezi:
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu
- Umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo
- I-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
- I-Melanoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba
Udokotela wakho angase futhi akunike lo muthi wezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingekho kulolu hlu, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa
Ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza udokotela wakho incazelo ephelele yesimo sakho sempilo. Ngoba ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma ngalezi zinto ngokukhethekile:
- Uma unezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba , njengesifo sikaCrohn, i-ulcerative colitis , noma i-lupus.
- Uma uke wafakelwa i-allogeneic stem cell ngaphambili noma uhlela ukuyifakelwa .
- Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe esifubeni sakho ngaphambilini.
- Uma uke wafakelwa isitho somzimba.
- Uma unesifo sesimiso sezinzwa , njenge-myasthenia gravis noma i-Guillain-Barre syndrome.
- Uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ne-Nivolumab noma yimuphi omunye umuthi, ukudla, noma idayi.
- Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa , lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Indlela yokunikeza lo muthi nokuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele
Lomuthi unikezwa ngomthambo (ojovwe emthanjeni). Lokhu akuyona into ongayenza ekhaya, kodwa kwenziwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha .
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, uzonikezwa incwajana ekhethekile (i-MedGuide) equkethe ulwazi ngalo muthi. Kubalulekile ukuwufunda nokuwuqonda ngokucophelela ngaphambi kweseshini ngayinye yokwelashwa.
Cabanga ngalokho obungakwenza uma uphuthelwe umthamo wemithi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kudokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokubonana naye ngezinsuku abakunikeza zona. Uma ngesizathu esithile ungakwazi ukuya, shayela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha ubazise.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, iya e- Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha. Noma shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Udokotela wakho uzoqapha isimo sakho eduze ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Kuzodingeka futhi ukuthi uhlolwe igazi njalo.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile mayelana nokukhulelwa kanye nokuncelisa:
- Kwabesifazane: Gwema ukukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi kanye nezinyanga ezi-5 ngemuva kokuyeka umuthi. Lokhu kungalimaza kakhulu impilo yengane. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa noma usola ukuthi ukhulelwe, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Gwema ukuncelisa ingane yakho ngokuphelele ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi futhi izinyanga ezi-5 ngemuva kokuyeka.
Imiphumela emibi engase ivele ngalo muthi
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-Nivolumab ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu bese utshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izimpawu |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, isifo sohudo, igazi esitulweni, noma indle emnyama, ephuzile. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukukhwehlela okomile okungachazeki, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ukulimala kwesibindi | Ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, indle enombala okhanyayo, umchamo ophuzi noma onsundu omnyama, ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba, ukukhathala okungavamile. |
| Ukulimala kwezinso | Ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, izandla, noma izinyawo. |
| Izinkinga ngezindlala zama-hormone | Ukwanda kwama-hormone e-thyroid (i-Hyperthyroidism): Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukuthuthumela, nokungaphumuli. I-Hypothyroidism: Ukukhathala okungavamile, ukungakwazi ukubekezelela umkhuhlane, ukuqunjelwa, ukulahleka kwezinwele, isikhumba esomile, ukukhuluphala, ukucindezeleka. |
| Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-Hyperglycemia) | Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu, udinga ukuchama njalo, uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile, umbono ofiphele. |
| Ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu | Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushintsha kombono, ubuhlungu bamehlo, ukungazweli noma ubuhlungu ezithweni, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukuqhekeka noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba, okuhlanganisa nomlomo, ukuklwebheka noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu, kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Ukukhathala | Ukukhathala |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Isicanucanu Nokuhlanza |
| Isifiso sokudla | Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Ukuqunjelwa |
| Ubuhlungu emathanjeni | Ubuhlungu bethambo |
Lolu hlu alufaki yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Uma ubona noma yini ehlukile noma engavamile, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Nivolumab iwumuthi wokugomela okhethekile nothuthukisiwe osiza amasosha omzimba ukuthi abhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izimo zakho zezokwelapha kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.
- Qaphela izimpawu zemiphumela emibi kakhulu (ikakhulukazi ubunzima bokuphefumula, uhudo olubi, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba/amehlo, amabhamuza esikhumba). Funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngokushesha uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ngokuphelele ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi kanye nezinyanga ezi-5 ngemuva kokuyeka.
- Ungaphuthelwa izinsuku ezinikezwe udokotela futhi ube khona ekwelashweni. Ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma izinkinga onazo.
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