Wake wambona umntwana omuhle obukeka ehlukile kancane, ehlala emomotheka? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza, 'Kungani lo mntwana ehlukile kwabanye?' I-Down Syndrome yisimo esithinta abaningi balaba bantwana. Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi lesi akusona isifo. Yisimo sofuzo. Ngakho-ke, ake sisuse imibono eyiphutha ngalokhu futhi sifunde kabanzi ngalaba bantwana abahle kanye nomhlaba wabo.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Down Syndrome?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukukhuluma ngeyunithi encane kunazo zonke emzimbeni wethu. Umzimba wethu wakhiwe izigidi zamaseli. Ngaphakathi kwalawa maseli, kukhona isethi "yemiyalelo" elawula konke emzimbeni wethu, enquma zonke izici zomzimba wethu, njengokuphakama kwethu, umbala wamehlo, nombala wezinwele. Sibiza lawa maqoqo emiyalelo ngokuthi ama-chromosome .
Ngokuvamile, umuntu ophilile unama-chromosome angu-23 alezi zibili kuseli ngalinye, okwenza kube nama-chromosome angu-46. Kodwa-ke, ingane ene-Down syndrome inekhophi eyengeziwe ye-chromosome 21 esikhundleni sezimbili, kodwa ezintathu. Le chromosome eyengeziwe ibangela umehluko othile ekukhuleni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwalezi zingane.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu akulona iphutha likamama noma likababa. Lolu ushintsho oluvela ngokungahleliwe ngokuphelele ku-genetic. Ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokusola noma ubani noma sokudabuka ngalokhu.
Nakuba ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izingane ezizalwa omama abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 zinamathuba amaningi okuba nalesi simo, umama wanoma yimuphi ubudala angaba nengane ene-Down syndrome.
Yiziphi izici ezivamile zalaba bantwana?
Akuzona zonke izingane ezine-Down syndrome ezifanayo. Kodwa kunezici ezithile ezivamile ezingabonakala phakathi kwazo. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe uma ubona lezi, lokhu kuyingxenye yobuntu bazo.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukubukeka kobuso | Ungabona ubuso obuyisicaba kancane, amehlo amise okwe-alimondi abheke phezulu, impumulo encane, nezindlebe ezincane. Ngezinye izikhathi ulimi lungase luphume kancane emlonyeni. |
| Izici zomzimba | Ngokuvamile banomzimba omfushane kanye nentamo emfushane. Abantu abaningi banomugqa owodwa ojulile (i-Simian Crease) ogijima entendeni yesandla. Umzimba ungase ubonakale ubuthakathaka kancane ngenxa yemisipha ephansi. |
| Ukukhula nentuthuko | Kungathatha isikhathi eside ukufinyelela izigaba zokukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kunabanye abantwana. Isibonelo, bangase bephuze kancane ukuhlala phansi, ukuhamba, nokuqala ukukhuluma. |
| Ubuntu | Lokhu kuyinto ekhetheke kakhulu. Izingane eziningi ezine-Down syndrome zingabantu abanothando kakhulu, abanobungane, nabajabulayo. Ukuhleka kwazo kuyathelelana kakhulu. |
Masiqaphele nezinkinga zempilo ezihambisana ne-Down syndrome.
Lezi zingane zisengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola izinkinga ezithile zempilo kunezinye. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu ozothola zonke lezi zimo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, uhlale uxhumana nodokotela wengane yakho, futhi uthole izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezidingekayo kanye nokwelashwa ngesikhathi.
- Ukukhubazeka Kwenhliziyo Okuzalwe Nakho: Cishe ingxenye yabo bonke abantwana abane-Down syndrome bangase babe nohlobo oluthile lokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwe nakho. Iningi lalaba manje lingelashwa ngempumelelo ngokuhlinzwa.
- Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla: Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezinkinga ezithile ohlelweni lwazo lokugaya ukudla.
- Izinkinga zokuzwa nokubona: Kukhona amathuba okuba nokukhubazeka kokubona nokuzwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo.
- Izinkinga ze-thyroid: Kukhona ingozi ye-hypothyroidism, isimo lapho i-metabolism yomzimba ingasebenzi kahle.
- I-Sleep Apnea: Isimo lapho ukuphefumula kuyeka khona okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokulala.
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile: Ngenxa yobuthakathaka obuthile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba, izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nokutheleleka kwezindlebe zingavela njalo.
Ungesabi uma ubona lezi zinto. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinhle kakhulu zazo zonke lezi zinto kwisayensi yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe yanamuhla. Okudingekayo nje ukunakwa kwabazali nabanakekeli kanye nesiqondiso esifanele sezokwelapha.
Singabasekela kanjani laba bantwana?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukusiza ingane ene-Down syndrome ukuba iphile impilo ephumelelayo nejabulisayo.
1. Ukungenelela Kwasekuqaleni
Lokhu kusho ukusiza ingane ikhule isencane. Kuye ngezidingo zengane,
- Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Kuqinisa imisipha futhi kukusize uhambe, ugijime, futhi ugxume.
- Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo: Kukusiza ukuthi ukhulume ngokucacile futhi udlulise imibono.
- Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kukufundisa ukuthi ungenza kanjani imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokudla nokuzigqokisa.
Ngalezi zinto, ungakhulisa amandla engane yakho. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nokufuna usizo lwabelaphi abafanelekayo kulokhu.
2. Imfundo namathuba alinganayo
Kungamanga aphelele ukuthi izingane ezine-Down syndrome azikwazi ukufunda. Zifunda ngejubane lazo. Imfundo ehlanganisa bonke abantu, ebavumela ukuthi bafunde ezikoleni ezivamile nezinye izingane, ibasiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono abo okuxhumana nabantu. Abaningi bangafunda, babhale, futhi basebenze imisebenzi ejwayelekile.
3. Uthando, ukwamukelwa kanye nesikhuthazo
Laba bantwana abadingi uzwelo lwethu. Badinga uthando, isineke, ukwamukelwa, kanye nesikhuthazo. Bagubhe ngisho nokunqoba kwabo okuncane. Uma kubathatha isikhathi ukwenza okuthile, bekezela futhi ubavumele bakwenze. Thina njengomphakathi sidinga ukufunda ukubathanda kanye nokwehluka kwabo, singabahleki.
Ake sithi kukhona ingane ene-Down syndrome endaweni yakini. Ungamhlukanisi, hlanganyela naye ekudlaleni nengane yakho. Yiba umthombo wamandla engqondo kubazali baleyo ngane. Ushintsho lwethu oluncane lungaba amandla amakhulu kulowo mndeni.
Namuhla, ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungcono kwezokwelapha kanye nokusekelwa komphakathi, isilinganiso sobude bokuphila kwabantu abane-Down syndrome sikhuphuke safinyelela eminyakeni engu-55-60. Abaningi babo baphila ngokuzimela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Down Syndrome ayisona isifo. Yisimo sofuzo esenzeka ngokungahleliwe futhi esingabangelwa yiphutha lanoma ubani.
- Nakuba ukukhula ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwalezi zingane kuhamba kancane, zinamandla aphelele okufunda, ukuthuthukisa amakhono azo, nokuphila ngenjabulo.
- Abafuni uzwelo, kodwa bafuna uthando, ukwamukelwa, ukubekezelelana, kanye namathuba alinganayo njengawo wonke umuntu emphakathini.
- Uma ingane yakho ine-Down syndrome, ungalokothi uzizwe unesizungu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo futhi uthole ukwesekwa kwezokwelapha okudingekayo kanye nesiqondiso.
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