Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-syphilis yamehlo, ethinta namehlo.

Cishe uke wezwa ngezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD). Ezinye zalezi zifo zingathinta ezinye izingxenye zomzimba uma zingelashwa kahle. Ngokufanayo, uma zingelashwa kahle, isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-syphilis singathinta namehlo akho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ocular syphilis, esithinta amehlo. Nakuba lokhu kuyindaba engathi sína, ukuba nolwazi olufanele kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi.

Kalula nje, iyini i-syphilis yamehlo?

Kalula nje, i-Ocular Syphilis iyinkinga ye-syphilis eyenzeka emehlweni uma unesifo futhi ingelashwa kahle. I-Syphilis igciwane elibangelwa amagciwane kanye negciwane elidluliselwa ngocansi (STI). Lokhu kutheleleka kungadluliselwa kusuka kumama okhulelwe kuya enganeni yakhe.

Uma ingelashwa, i-syphilis ingasakazekela ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa, ebuchosheni (Neurosyphilis), ezindlebeni (Otosyphilis), kanye namehlo (Ocular Syphilis). Uma ingelashwa, i-syphilis yamehlo ingabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono ngisho nobumpumputhe. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Emhlabeni jikelele, kubikwa amacala amasha e-syphilis angaba yizigidi ezingu-12 minyaka yonke. Ezweni elifana neMelika, kuthiwa phakathi kuka-1% no-5% walabo abathola i-"Neurosyphilis" bathola i-"Ocular Syphilis". Lesi simo asitholakali eSri Lanka, ngakho-ke kufanele sikhathazeke ngalokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu? Uzibona kanjani?

Odokotela babiza i-syphilis ngokuthi “umkhohlisi omkhulu.” Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi sifo singalingisa izimpawu zezinye izifo eziningi. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuyibona njenge-syphilis.

Izimpawu ze-`(Ocular Syphilis)` zingavela kunoma yisiphi isigaba se-syphilis. Kodwa-ke, zivame ukubonakala ezigabeni zakamuva zesifo. Uma ungatholi ukwelashwa, lesi sifo sizoqhubeka kancane kancane ngezigaba ezahlukene.

Ake sifunde nangezigaba ze-syphilis.

I-Syphilis ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana eziyinhloko:

• Isigaba Esiyinhloko: Lesi sigaba singaqala zingakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwayishumi nambili ngemuva kokuchayeka kumuntu one-syphilis. Yilapho kuvela khona isilonda esingenabuhlungu (`chancre`) endaweni yakho yokuzala. Nakuba lesi silonda siphola sodwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, usengadlulisela lesi sifo komunye umuntu.
• Isigaba Sesibili: Phakathi nenyanga eyodwa kuya kweziyisithupha ngemva kokuba isilonda esishiwo ngenhla sesipholile, uzoba nokuqubuka. Usengathelela abanye phakathi nalesi sigaba.
• Isigaba Esicashile: Uma ungakalashwanga, usene-syphilis kulesi sigaba. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi awunazo izimpawu. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, ingozi yokudlulisela lesi sifo kubalingani bocansi iphansi.
• Isigaba Sesithathu: Lesi yisigaba sokugcina nesinzima kakhulu salesi sifo. Ngokukhethekile, kungalesi sigaba lapho izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo zingavela khona. Izimo ezifana ne-`(Ocular Syphilis)` nazo zingabonakala kaningi phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala emehlweni kuphela?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezithinta ngqo amehlo uma kwenzeka i-`(Ocular Syphilis)`:

• Ukubomvu kwamehlo.
• Ukubona izinto ezincane zintanta phambi kwamehlo (`(Izinto ezintantayo zamehlo)`).
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo.
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya, okusho ubunzima bokubheka ukukhanya (i-Photophobia).
• Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungajwayelekile.
• Umfundi ka-Argyll Robertson: Lesi yisimo lapho inhlamvu yeso ifinyela khona, ikakhulukazi uma ubheka into eduze. Kodwa-ke, ayifinyeli uma ivezwa ekukhanyeni okukhulu.
• Ukubona okufiphele noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele.
• Izilonda, amaqhubu, noma amabala emehlweni noma azungezile.
• Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nesilonda esingenabuhlungu (`(Chancre)`) esikhumbeni sejwabu.

Okubalulekile: Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukuqashelwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungavimbela umonakalo omkhulu.

Lokhu kuthinta ziphi izingxenye zeso?

I-syphilis ingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yeso. Kodwa-ke, ivame ukuthinta i-uvea. I-uvea yingxenye yeso efana nolwelwesi elele ngaphansi komhlophe weso (i-sclera). Iqukethe i-iris, i-choroid, kanye nomzimba we-ciliary.

Lokhu kuvuvukala kanye nokutheleleka kwe-`(Uvea)` kubizwa ngokuthi `(Uveitis)`. Odokotela abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi wonke umuntu one-`(Uveitis)` kufanele ahlolwe i-syphilis. Kungase kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwalokhu okubili.

Yini ebangela lokhu? Kusakazeka kanjani?

Kokubili i-syphilis kanye ne-ocular syphilis kubangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Treponema pallidum.

I-syphilis isakazeka ngokuxhumana eduze kwesikhumba nomuntu onegciwane. Ngokuvamile, i-syphilis idluliselwa ngocansi olungavikelekile ngomlomo, endunu, nangasese sowesifazane.

Uma ukhulelwe, lokhu kutheleleka kungadluliselwa nasenganeni yakho. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa i-syphilis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma une-syphilis, ingalimaza ingane yakho.

Ubani osengozini enkulu?

Abanye abantu bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Ocular Syphilis. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Abantu abenza ucansi olungavikelekile, ikakhulukazi uma benabalingani bocansi abangaphezu koyedwa.
• Amadoda alala namadoda (MSM).
• Abantu abangenwe yi-HIV okwamanje noma okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi banesinye isifo esithathelwana ngocansi.
• Abantu abaye balala nomuntu okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi une-syphilis.

Yiziphi izinkinga eziba khona uma zingelashwa?

Uma i-Ocular Syphilis ingelashwa kahle, izinkinga ezinjengalezi zingavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:

• Ama-cataract.
• Ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emisha esweni (`(Ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo yegazi yeso lakho)`).
• Ukungacaci kwe-corneal.
• I-Glaucoma (i-Glaucoma).
• Ukushwabana kwe-retina yeso (`(Macular pucker)`).
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-macula (i-macular edema).
• Izibazi zezicubu zamehlo.

Ukuzwa lezi zinto kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, kodwa khumbula, konke lokhu kungavinjelwa uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kukuphi ngempela?

Ukuze athole ukuthi une-syphilis yamehlo, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wamehlo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele kanye nezinye izivivinyo eziningana. Bazohlola:

• Ubukhali bakho bokubona.
• Umsebenzi wendandatho emnyama emehlweni akho.
• Ingcindezi emehlweni akho.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho noketshezi lomgogodla (i-CSF) lungahlolwa.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

Lezi ezinye zezivivinyo eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-Ocular Syphilis:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwe-syphilis).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tonometry ukukala ukucindezeleka kwamehlo.
• Ukuhlolwa nge-microscope okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kwesibani esinqunyiwe" (lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ingaphakathi leso ngokuningiliziwe).
• I-Fluorescein angiography (Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka uketshezi olukhethekile esweni nokuthatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi engaphakathi).

Kulashwa kanjani lokhu? Ingabe kungelapheka?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-Ocular Syphilis ingelapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic! I-antibiotic evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-penicillin. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungahluka kuye ngesigaba se-syphilis. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akunike amaconsi amehlo noma eminye imithi yomlomo.

Yimiphi imithi enikezwayo?

Odokotela bavame ukuncoma izindlela zokwelapha ezinjengalezi:

• I-antibiotic ebizwa ngokuthi `(Penicillin G)` inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (`(IV)`) izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, umjovo obizwa ngokuthi i-Benzathine penicillin G, ofakwa emisipheni (esicutshini) amasonto amathathu, nawo unikezwa kanye nomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Probenecid, othathwa ngomlomo.
• Uma une-allergy ku-penicillin, unganikezwa amanye ama-antibiotic afana ne-ceftriaxone noma i-azithromycin.

Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-syphilis yamehlo kanye ne-neurosyphilis yi-penicillin efakwa ngemithambo yegazi. Uma une-allergy ku-penicillin, odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bazozama ukukuqeda ukuzwela ngomuthi ukuze ukwazi ukuwusebenzisa.

Okukhethekile: Ukwelashwa kwe-Syphilitic Keratitis, isimo esibangelwa yi-syphilis

Kukhona umehluko omncane lapha. Uma une-Syphilitic Keratitis, ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea yeso lakho okubangelwa yi-syphilis, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-steroid esikhundleni sama-antibiotic.

Ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-steroid omlomo noma amaconsi amehlo ukuze anciphise ukuvuvukala emehlweni akho. Angase akunike neminye imithi yamehlo, njenge:

• Imithi engeyona i-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (NSAIDS) enciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Amaconsi amehlo anciphisa ukoma (Ama-Lubricants).
• Imithi evula inhlamvu yeso (`(Mydriatics)`).

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa nge-syphilis nakho kungabangela imiphumela emibi noma izingozi. Eminye yayo yile:

• `(Ukusabela kukaJarisch-Herxheimer (JHR))`: Lokhu ukusabela okungenzeka ngemithi efakwa emthanjeni. Kungabangela umkhuhlane nokujuluka, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinga lokushisa lomzimba elikhuphukile, noma ukuvuvukala kwamehlo okwenyuka. Odokotela baqaphile ngalokhu.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono unomphela: Ukusebenzisa ama-steroid kuphela ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic kungabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono okungenakuguqulwa. Uma une-uveitis ngenxa ye-syphilis, kufanele nakanjani uthathe ama-antibiotic.
• Izinkinga Zokusebenzisa Ama-Steroid: Nakuba ama-steroid ewumuthi owusizo kakhulu, angabangela imiphumela emibi uma esetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhuluphala, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, ukuqwasha, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye namazinga kashukela.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa kwe-Ocular Syphilis kuvame ukuthatha cishe amasonto amabili, ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi eside. Ungase uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho.

Kuzokwenzekani esikhathini esizayo? Ingabe kuzolulama ngokuphelele?

I-Syphilis, kanye nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Ocular Syphilis)` , yisifo esingelapheka. Njengazo zonke izifo zamehlo, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo kwe-`(Ocular Syphilis)` kunganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo ekuboneni kwakho. Uma unezinye izimo, njenge-`(HIV)`, noma uma ubungaboni kahle kwasekuqaleni, lokhu kungathinta nemiphumela.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela i-syphilis ukugwema ukuya ocansini nomuntu one-syphilis nokugwema ukuthinta izilonda ze-syphilis.

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi?

Ungenza lezi zinto ukuze unciphise le ngozi:

• Ukuzithiba ocansini.
• Ukuba nobuhlobo bobulili nomlingani oyedwa omethembayo okuqinisekisiwe ukuthi akanazo izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
• Sebenzisa amakhondomu e-latex kanye namadamu amazinyo ngendlela efanele njalo uma wenza ucansi ngomlomo, ngendunu, noma ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane nabanye abantu.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, noma uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho ezikhona zibonakala ziba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Esimweni esinjalo, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ( ETU ) ngokushesha:

• Uma ulahlekelwa ukubona ngokuzumayo.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni akho.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngenxa yokungezwani nokudla imithi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu engidinga ukuzazi nge-Ocular Syphilis?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa ongincomayo?
• Ziyini izingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi okufanele ngiyibike ngokushesha?
• Isebenza kanjani inqubo yokwazisa abalingani bami bocansi ukuthi nabo bangase babe ne-syphilis?

Akekho othanda ukuzwa ukuthi unesifo esithathelwana ngocansi, njenge-syphilis. Ungase ucabange ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesifo luthinta uhlelo lokuzala kuphela. Kodwa akunjalo nge-syphilis. Ingathinta namehlo akho, ibangele ukulahlekelwa umbono kanye nobumpumputhe. Kodwa-ke, uma utholakale kusenesikhathi futhi welashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane, udokotela wakho angayilapha i-Ocular Syphilis. Uma wake waba nokungezwani ne-penicillin, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngakho. I-Penicillin iyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha lokhu.

Umyalezo Wethu Wokuya Ekhaya

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kahle isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Ocular Syphilis)` esikhulume ngaso namuhla. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi lesi yisifo esingelapheki, ikakhulukazi uma siqashelwa kusenesikhathi futhi selashwa kahle. Uma unokungabaza noma izimpawu, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Futhi, ukwenza ucansi oluphephile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ezifweni ezinjalo. Amehlo akho ayimpahla eyigugu, futhi kungumthwalo wakho wemfanelo ukuwavikela.

I- Syphilis yamehlo, i-Syphilis, i-Syphilis emehlweni, Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, Izifo zamehlo, i-Uveitis, Izimpawu ze-Syphilis, Ukwelashwa kwe-Syphilis