Wake waphawula ibala elinsomi noma inqwaba yamabala amancane avela ngokuzumayo esikhumbeni sakho, ikakhulukazi ezingalweni noma emilenzeni yakho, ngaphandle kokuthi uwathinte? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubukeka njengemivimbo, kodwa empeleni kungaba yinto ehlukile. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-purpura. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa kungaba uphawu lwesinye isimo esingaphansi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula.
Iyini ngempela i-Purpura?
Kalula nje, i-purpura yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi emincane ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu ivuza khona igazi, okubangela amabala ebusweni besikhumba. Lokhu kungavela esikhumbeni sakho noma emaqakaleni anjengomlomo wakho nomphimbo.
Ukubonakala kwalezi zindawo kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isikhumba sakho sinjani.
- Kumuntu onesikhumba esikhanyayo: Lokhu kubonakala njengombala obomvu onsomi.
- Kumuntu onesikhumba esikhanyayo: Lokhu kungaba nsundu noma kube mnyama ngombala.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-purpura ayisona isifo, kodwa uphawu lwesinye isimo. Lesi simo singabangelwa imithi ethile, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, noma ngisho nezinye izimo zokuzalwa. Ngakho-ke, uma kuvela amabala anjalo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, kungcono ukwazisa udokotela ngakho.
Ingabe kukhona umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zamabala?
Yebo, la mabala abangelwa ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba abizwa ngamagama amathathu kuye ngobukhulu bawo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwazi lokhu.
| Igama lendawo | Usayizi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|---|
| I-Petechiae | Ngaphansi kuka-4 mm | Lezi, uma ziqondile, ziyizindawo ezincane kakhulu, njengechashazi elenziwe ngesihloko sepeni. Ngokuvamile, lezi zihlanganiswa ndawonye, ngakho abanye abantu bazibheka njenge-rash. |
| I-Purpura | Phakathi kwamamilimitha angu-4 kuya kwangu-10 (ngaphansi kwesentimitha elilodwa) | Lolu uhlobo oluyinhloko lwe-mole esikhuluma ngalo. Lezi zinkulu kancane kune-petechiae. |
| Ama-Ecchymoses | Ngaphezu kwesentimitha elilodwa | Lezi yizinto esivame ukuzibiza ngokuthi "imigwaqo ye-thale ." Lezi zinkulu ngobukhulu. |
Okukhethekile ngalezi zindawo ukuthi uma uzicindezela ngomunwe wakho, azishintshi umbala (azishisi umbala). Ukuqubuka okuvamile kuyashintsha uma kucindezelwa bese kuba bomvu futhi uma kuthintwa.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-purpura?
Imbangela ye-purpura incike ohlotsheni lwayo. Ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili. Eyokuqala isekelwe enanini lama -platelet egazini lethu. Ama-platelet angamaseli amancane asiza ekumiseni ukopha futhi akhe amahlule egazi lapho siphuma igazi.
1. I-Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inani lama-platelet egazini lehla.
2. I-Non-thrombocytopenic Purpura: Lapha, nakuba inani lama-platelet livamile, igazi liyavuza emithanjeni yegazi ngesinye isizathu.
Ake sibone ngokucacile ukuthi ziyini lezi zizathu kuthebula elingezansi.
| Izimbangela ze-Purpura | |
|---|---|
| 1. Ngenxa yamazinga aphansi e-platelet (i-Thrombocytopenic Purpura) | |
| |
| 2. Izimbangela zamazinga ajwayelekile e-platelet (i-Non-thrombocytopenic Purpura) | |
|
Okubalulekile: I-Purpura ingavela futhi njengokusabela okukhulu emithini yokunciphisa igazi efana ne-heparin ne-warfarin, noma ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kodwa ezingavamile, njenge-DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation). Lezi yizimo ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma uya kudokotela one-mole efana nale, into yokuqala azokwenza ukuhlola isikhumba sakho ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.
Ukuze athole imbangela eqondile ye-purpura, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe.
- Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kuhlola inani lama-platelet egazini lakho. Ukwazi ukuthi ama-platelet akho aphansi noma cha kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela.
- I-Skin Biopsy: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma inani lama-platelet livamile, kungathathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yesikhumba bese ihlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-vasculitis.
Lezi zivivinyo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola isimo esiyisisekelo esibangela i-purpura.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Khumbula, ukwelashwa akusikho okwezindawo ezibomvu, kodwa kwesimo esiyisisekelo esizibangele. Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, lezi zindawo ziyanyamalala ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
Uma imbangela isitholakele, udokotela angenza okulandelayo:
- Uma uphuza umuthi obangela i-purpura, shintsha noma uyeke.
- Ukwelashwa kwesimo sezokwelapha esicashile (isib. ukutheleleka, isifo sokuzivikela komzimba).
- Uma inani lama-platelet liphansi kakhulu, nikeza ukwelashwa ukuze likhuphuke.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa ukwandisa inani lama-platelet yilezi:
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Imithi evimba ukubhujiswa kwama-platelet.
- Ukwelashwa nge-IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin): Lokhu kwelashwa, okunikezwa ngemithambo yegazi, kwandisa amazinga e-platelet ngokushesha.
- Ama-immunosuppressants: Isibonelo, izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Rituximab.
- Ukufakelwa Igazi: Ukunikeza ama-platelet emzimbeni kusuka ngaphandle, uma kudingeka.
- I-Splenectomy: Kwezinye izimo, i-spleen, enegalelo elikhulu ekubhujisweni kwama-platelet, isuswa ngokuhlinzwa.
Uma ubona lezi zinhlobo zamabala, amabala, noma imivimbo esikhumbeni sakho ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, ungazinaki. Ngokuqinisekile bonana nodokotela wakho. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akuyona into embi kangako, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esisongela ukuphila. Ngakho-ke, into efanele okufanele uyenze ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Purpura ibala elinsomi, elibomvu, noma elinsundu elibangelwa igazi eliphuma emithanjeni yegazi emincane ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
- Lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa uphawu lwesinye isimo esiyisisekelo.
- Lezi zihlukaniswa ngobukhulu njenge-petechiae (encane kakhulu), i-purpura (ephakathi nendawo), kanye ne-ecchymosis (imivimbo/enkulu kunazo zonke).
- Izimbangela zifaka phakathi inani eliphansi lama-platelet, imithi, izifo, kanye nobuthakathaka bemithambo yegazi.
- Uma ubona lezi zinhlobo zamabala ngaphandle kokulimaza, ungawanaki. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha nakanjani.
- Ukwelashwa akudingi ukubheka amabala, kodwa isimo esiyisisekelo esiwabangele.
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