Unuka kanjani? Ake sifunde nge-Olfactory Nerve!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi singazizwa kanjani iphunga lezimbali ezinhle, ukudla okumnandi okuphekwa ngumama wethu, noma umhlabathi ngemva kwemvula encane? Konke lokhu kungenxa yengxenye encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu. Leyo yi -nerve yokuhogela . Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngale nerve emangalisayo yokuhogela, lo mngane osisiza ngenzwa yethu yokuhogela.

Iyini i-Olfactory Nerve?

Kalula nje, i-nerve yakho yokuhogela yi -nerve yakho yokuqala ye-cranial (Cranial Nerve I noma i-CN I) . Iwuhlelo lokuqala lwezinzwa eziyishumi nambili eziyinhloko ekhanda lethu. Iphinde ibe yingxenye ye -Autonomic Nervous System yethu. Okusho ukuthi, uhlelo olulawula izinqubo eziningi ezenzeka ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walo mzwa ukusinika ikhono lokuhogela . Ngokumangalisayo, uwumzwa omfushane kakhulu wezinzwa emzimbeni wethu. Uqala ebuchosheni bethu, ikakhulukazi phansi kobuchopho, bese uhamba futhi uxhumeke phezulu nangaphakathi kwekhala. Cabanga ukuthi wenza umsebenzi omkhulu kangakanani, yize umncane kangaka!

Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko we-olfactory nerve (CN I)?

Into eyinhloko ukuthi kusisiza ukuthi sibone amaphunga ahlukene, njengephunga lephunga elimnandi, iphunga lokudla, nephunga lezimbali. Lokhu kwenzeka kanjani? Cabanga nje, uma siphunga okuthile, kunezela izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, ezingabonakali (ama-molecule) emoyeni. Uma siphefumula, lezi zinhlayiya zingena ngamakhala ethu. Lapho, uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli engxenyeni engenhla yekhala lethu, olubizwa ngokuthi ama-olfactory receptors , lubamba lezi zinhlayiya. Bese lezi zinhlayiya zithumela umlayezo ebuchosheni nge-olfactory nerve, zithi, "Nansi iphunga elinjengaleli." Yilapho-ke siqonda khona ukuthi, "Ah, leli yiphunga le-rose" noma "Leli yiphunga le-chicken curry elimnandi."

Isebenza kanjani inzwa yethu yokuhogela?

Uhlelo lwethu lokuphunga lusenza sikwazi ukuhogela ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: 1. Ngezimpumulo: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinhlayiya ezincane ezikhishwa ezintweni ezinephunga zingena emakhaleni ethu futhi zivuselele ama-receptor okuphunga. Lawa ma-receptor asebenza ngokuhlanganiswa okuhlukene, okusivumela ukuthi sihlukanise futhi sithole izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaphunga. Cabanga ngakho njengokuxuba kancane umbala ofanayo oyisisekelo ngezindlela ezahlukene ukudala imibala ehlukene. 2. Ngemuva komphimbo: Uma sihlafuna ukudla noma siphuza isiphuzo, izinhlayiya zephunga kulokho kudla nazo ziyakhishwa. Lezi zinhlayiya zihamba emphinjeni wethu futhi zifinyelele kuma-receptor okuphunga ngemuva kwempumulo. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi singanuka ukudla kusesemlonyeni wethu.

I-Olfactory Mucosa kanye Nendima Yayo

I-mucosa yephunga nayo idlala indima enkulu ekuzweleni kwethu iphunga. Itholakala phezulu kwekhala lethu. Lolu lwelwesi luqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli:

• Amaseli e-Olfactory receptor: Lawa amaseli athola iphunga. Lawa maseli anezinqubo ezimbili: Izinqubo ze-Dendritic zisunduza amaseli ziye ezinweleni ezincane ku-mucosa ye-olfactory, zivuselela amaseli e-olfactory. Izinqubo eziphakathi zisunduza amaseli ngakolunye uhlangothi.
• Amaseli asekelayo: Lawa asebenza njengokusekela izicubu ezizungezile.
• Amaseli ayisisekelo: Womabili amaseli e-olfactory receptor kanye namaseli asekelayo akhiwa kula maseli ayisisekelo.

Iyini i-anatomy ye-olfactory nerve?

Inzwa yethu yokuhogela, ngokungafani neminye imizwa ye-cranial, ingenye yemizwa emibili evela ngqo ebuchosheni bethu, ingxenye enkulu engenhla yobuchopho. (Enye inzwa ye-optic, inzwa yesibili ye-cranial esisiza sibone.) Iningi leminye imizwa ye-cranial livela ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zobuchopho, i-brainstem . Imicu yenzwa ye-olfactory ihamba ibanga elifushane ukuze ifinyelele i-bulb ye-olfactory phezulu kwempumulo. Ngaphambi kokufika ku-bulb ye-olfactory, imicu yemizwa idlula ethanjeni elisekhanda lethu elibizwa ngokuthi i-cribriform plate . Leli yithambo elithambile, elilula. Yilokhu okuhlukanisa indawo ezungeze ikhala lethu nobuchopho.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona uma inzwa yokuhogela ingasebenzi kahle?

Izinkinga ezithile ezithinta uhlelo lwethu lokunuka zingabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• I-Anosmia: Lokhu ukulahlekelwa yiphunga ngokuphelele . Isimo lapho ungakwazi ukuhogela lutho.
• I-Dysosmia (ebizwa nangokuthi i-phantosmia): Lokhu kuwukubona iphunga elingathandeki, elingathandeki, noma elingavamile ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kungaba iphunga elivuthayo noma iphunga elibi.
• I-Hyposmia: Lokhu kuwukuncipha komuzwa wokuhogela . Amaphunga ayezwakala kahle ngaphambili manje awasabonakali kahle.
• I-Parosmia: Lokhu kuwumuzwa ophambene wokuhogela . Isibonelo, ungase uzwe ukudla okujwayelekile, ikhemikhali, noma iphunga elibi. Cabanga ukuthi ubungacasuka kanjani uma ukudla okuthandayo bekunuka ngendlela ehlukile.

Yiziphi izimo ezingathinta i-olfactory nerve?

Izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinye izici zingathinta ukusebenza kwemizwa yethu yokuhogela. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Ukutheleleka kwama-sinus kanye nama-polyp ekhaleni .
• UgwayiUkusetshenziswa kukagwayi (ugwayi, ama-beedis, njll.).
• Impilo embi yomlomo kanye namazinyo (Ukungahlanzeki kahle kwamazinyo) .
• Ukuchayeka ebuthi bemvelo kanye namakhemikhali afana nezibulala-zinambuzane .
• Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda, okuhlanganisa nokuxhuzula, yizimo lapho ubuchopho bushaywa khona kakhulu.
• Eminye imithi, isibonelo ama-antibiotic .
• Igciwane elithi ' SARS-CoV-2' elibangela i- coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) liyinto esesiyizwile sonke.
• Umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo .
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) .
• Isifo sika-Alzheimer .
• Isimila sobuchopho .
• Isifo sikaParkinson .
• Isifo sokuwa .

Okubalulekile: Njengoba ubona, ukulahlekelwa noma ukuncipha kwemizwa yokuhogela ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusinakekela uma uhlangabezana nento efana nale.

I-COVID-19 iyithinta kanjani imizwa yethu yokuhogela?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi cishe ingxenye yabantu abathola i-COVID-19 balahlekelwa umuzwa wabo wokuhogela. Abacwaningi basazama ukuthola ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Kodwa okunye okungenzeka ukuthi ukutheleleka ngegciwane njenge-SARS-CoV-2 kungalimaza amaseli ethu okwamukela iphunga. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi baphinde bathole umuzwa wabo wokuhogela. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha izinyanga eziningana. Isihluthulelo ukuba nesineke.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele izinkinga ezihlobene ne-olfactory nerve?

Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, kunzima ukuvimbela imiphumela yezimo ezithile zezinzwa, njengezimila zobuchopho, ekuzwaneni kwethu kokuhogela. Yizinto esingenakuzilawula. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazilawula futhi sizama ukuzivimbela:

• Ukugwema imisebenzi eyingozi engabangela ukulimala kobuchopho.
• Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19 .
• Uma usebenza ngamakhemikhali, gqoka imaski ukuvikela impumulo yakho .
• Uma usebenzisa ugwayi (ugwayi, i-vaping), yeka ukuzisebenzisa .
• Ukuxubha nokuhlikihla amazinyo akho nsuku zonkeUkugcina imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka komlomo njengokuhlikihla amazinyo nge-floss.
• Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isib. isifo sikashukela) ezingathinta uhlelo lwakho lokunuka, kubalulekile ukuthi zelashwe ngendlela efanele .
• Zivikele ekulimaleni okufana nokuquleka kwemisipha ngokusebenzisa izinto zokuzivikela njengezigqoko zokuzivikela uma udlala imidlalo.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela ngenkinga ye-olfactory nerve?

Uma ubona eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela:

• Uma kukhona umehluko endleleni izinto ezinuka ngayo .
• Uma ulahlekelwa umuzwa wakho wokuhogela ngokuzumayo .
• Uma unuka kabi, iphunga elibi ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Kungani kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha?

Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngalezi zimpawu, njengoba zingaba yingozi ethile empilweni nasekuphepheni kwakho. Isibonelo:

• Ungase ulingeke ukuba udle ngokweqile noma udle kancane ngoba awukwazi ukunuka ukudla .
• Kulula ukukhohlwa izimpawu zengozi, njengokuvuza kwegesi, intuthu evela emlilweni, noma ukudla okonakele. Cabanga ngokuvuza kwegesi endlini yakho, kodwa yeka ukuthi kungaba yingozi kangakanani uma ungakuhogela.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, usuyazi manje ukuthi i-Olfactory Nerve iyinzwa yethu yokuqala ye-cranial (CN I), nokuthi le nzwa ibalulekile ohlelweni lwethu lwe-olfactory kanye nomuzwa wokuhogela. Le nzwa ingathinteka yizimo ezahlukahlukene ezifana ne-COVID-19, i-Diabetes Mellitus, kanye nesifo i-Alzheimer's.

Uma kukhona ukungakhululeki noma izinguquko emuzweni wakho wokuhogela, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Angakutshela ukuthi isimo sizobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile noma sizobuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Angakweluleka nokuthi ungahlala kanjani uphephile futhi uphilile ngisho noma ungenawo umuzwa wakho wokuhogela.

Yonke ingxenye yomzimba wethu iyigugu, ngakho-ke kungumthwalo wethu wemfanelo ukuyinakekela yonke.

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