Wake waphawula ukuthi awuchami njalo, noma ukuthi umthamo womchamo wakho ubonakala uphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakwenqaba, kodwa bewazi ukuthi lokhu kungaba yinkomba ebalulekile umzimba wakho okunikeza yona mayelana nokukhathazeka kwezempilo okuyisisekelo? Namuhla ku -Nirogi Lanka , ake sixoxe ngalokhu kwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, okwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Oliguria .
Kuyini i-Oliguria?
Kalula nje, i-Oliguria yigama lezokwelapha elisho lapho inani lomchamo elikhiqizwa ngumzimba wakho liphansi kakhulu kunokuvamile. Nakuba leli gama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi, limane libhekisela esimweni "sokukhishwa komchamo okuphansi."
Ngokuvamile, umuntu omdala ojwayelekile kufanele akhiqize phakathi kwamamililitha angu-400 kuya kwangu-500 omchamo—cishe izinkomishi ezimbili —njalo emahoreni angu-24. Uma umkhiqizo wakho uwela ngaphansi kwalokhu njalo, ubizwa ngokuthi yi-Oliguria ngokwezokwelapha. Lezi zilinganiso ziyahlukahluka ezinsaneni nasezinganeni futhi zinqunywa ngokusekelwe esisindweni somzimba wazo.
- Kwezinsana: Ngaphansi kwe-1 milliliter yomchamo ngekhilogramu yesisindo somzimba ngehora.
- Ezinganeni: Ngaphansi kwamamililitha angu-0.5 omchamo ngekhilogramu yesisindo somzimba ngehora.
Akuvamile ukuthi kube nokwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, futhi akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesifo esibucayi. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngokuthi imbangela iyini, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yingakho ukuhlala unolwazi kubalulekile enhlalakahleni yakho.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Oliguria?
Yebo, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bahlukanisa i-Oliguria ngokusekelwe ekutheni ikhula ngokushesha kangakanani:
1. I-Acute Oliguria: Lesi simo senzeka ngokuzumayo futhi sidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.
2. I-Oliguria Engapheli: Lokhu kwenzeka kancane kancane esikhathini eside. Kuvame ukubonakala ezigulini ezinesifo sezinso sesikhathi eside, okuhlanganisa nalabo abathola dialysis .
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Oliguria?
Uphawu oluyinhloko ukwehla okubonakalayo kokukhishwa komchamo wakho noma ukungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama. Kuye ngokuthi yini ebangela lesi simo, ungase ubhekane nalokhu:
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo
- Ubuhlungu endaweni ehlangothini (ezinhlangothini zomhlane wakho lapho kukhona khona izinso)
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
(tachycardia) - Ukwanda kwe-asidi egazini
(metabolic acidosis) - Amazinga aphezulu e-potassium
(hyperkalemia) - Ukuqongelela kwemikhiqizo engcolile egazini
(uremia) - Umfutho wegazi ophansi
(hypotension) - Ukuvuvukala emzimbeni
(edema)
Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu—ikakhulukazi uma zihambisana nokuncipha kokuchama—kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
Yini ebangela i-Oliguria?
Izimbangela ze-Oliguria ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu. Cabanga ngohlelo lomchamo lomzimba wakho njengenqubo yokuhlunga amanzi: izinkinga zingavela ngaphambi kwezinso, ngaphakathi kwezinso, noma ngemva kwezinso.
1. Izimbangela zangaphambi kwezinso:
Lokhu kubhekisela ezinkingeni ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuba inqubo yokuhlunga iqale, ngokuvamile ngoba izinso azitholi ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukungaphuzi uketshezi olwanele. Lena imbangela evame kakhulu, evame ukubangelwa ukuhlanza, uhudo, noma ukujuluka ngokweqile.
- Ukulahlekelwa igazi eliningi: Ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu.
- Ukusha: Ukulimala okukhulu kokusha kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu koketshezi.
- I-Sepsis: Ukusabela okusongela ukuphila ekuthelelekeni okukhulu.
- Ukwehluleka kwesibindi.
- Izimo ezithile zenhliziyo namaphaphu.
- Isifo semithambo yegazi yezinso.
- Ukuhlinzwa.
Isibonelo, uma ubusebenza kanzima ekushiseni usuku lonke ungaphuzi amanzi anele, ungase uphawule ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo wakho. Lona umfanekiso olula we-Oliguria ebangelwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
2. Izimbangela zezinso:
Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kunenkinga eyisisekelo ngqo ngaphakathi kwezinso ngokwazo.
- Ukulimala kwezinso okubangelwa imithi noma ubuthi: Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi yobuhlungu enesilinganiso esiphezulu noma ukuchayeka ebuthi obuthile kungalimaza ukusebenza kwezinso.
- Izinkinga zezinso: Izimo ezifana
(Glomerulonephritis)(ukuvuvukala kwamayunithi okuhlunga izinso) noma(Acute Tubular Necrosis)(ukulimala okungazelelwe kwama-tubule ezinso).
3. Izimbangela zangemva kwezinso:
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umchamo ukhiqizwa yizinso kodwa uvinjelwa ukuphuma emzimbeni.
- Ukuvaleka kokuphuma kwesinye: Isibonelo, i-prostate ekhulisiwe
(BPH)emadodeni ingavimba ukugeleza komchamo. - Amatshe e-Ureteral: Amatshe ezinso ahlala kuma-ureter.
- Izinkinga ze-catheter: I-catheter egobile noma evalekile
(urinary catheter)ingavimbela ukuphuma komchamo.
Ingabe i-Oliguria iyafana nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni?
Akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kuyimbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu ye-Oliguria. Uma ungaphuzi amanzi emzimbeni ngendlela efanele, umzimba wakho ungase wehlise ukuphuma komchamo ukuze wonge uketshezi. Lokho kusho ukuthi, njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, izinkinga zesakhiwo noma zokusebenza kwezinso zakho noma umgudu womchamo nazo zingaholela kulesi simo.
Ubani osengozini?
Noma ubani angaba ne-Oliguria, kodwa abantu abalandelayo basengozini enkulu:
- Labo abanesifo sezinso esikhona: Ngokukhethekile, abantu abavame ukuba naso
(Acute Kidney Injury – AKI). - Iziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela njengamanje.
- Iziguli ezithola ukwelashwa
(Dialysis). - Abantu abaneminyaka engu-50 nangaphezulu.
Uma unenkinga ngezimpawu zakho, sicela uxhumane nomhlinzeki wezempilo wendawo noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokungakwazi ngokuphelele ukuchama. Kulethwe kuwe yiNirogi Lanka .
Kwenzekani uma ungachami ngokwanele? Ukuqonda izinkinga (eNirogi Lanka)
Ukwehla okukhulu kokukhishwa komchamo, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ngokuzumayo (i-Acute Oliguria), kuyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso sokuthi izinso zakho zingase zibe nobunzima bokuhlunga imfucuza egazini lakho . Uma kungalungiswa, lokhu kungaholela ku- Acute Kidney Failure , isimo esibucayi sezokwelapha. Izinkinga ezingaba yingozi empilweni zifaka:
- Ukungalingani Kwe-Electrolyte: Ukushintshashintsha okuyingozi, njengamazinga aphezulu e-potassium egazini (i-hyperkalemia) noma i-metabolic acidosis, okungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho.
- Izinkinga Zezinzwa: Izimpawu ezisukela ekusebenzeni ngokweqile kwemisipha (hyperreflexia) kuya ekuqulekeni noma ngisho nasekufeni.
- Izinkinga Zesisu: Kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokopha kwamathumbu noma i-gastritis.
- Izinkinga Zenhliziyo Nemithambo: I-Arrhythmia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile), ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngendlela eyingozi.
- Izinkinga Zokuphefumula: Izindlela zokuphefumula ezingavamile, njengokuphefumula kukaKussmaul (ukuphefumula okujulile, okusheshayo, nokunzima).
Sicela ukhumbule: Ungakushayi indiva ukwehla okuqhubekayo kokuchama. Ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso esiphuthumayo esivela emzimbeni wakho esidinga ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha.
Odokotela bayithola kanjani imbangela yokuncipha kokuchama?
Uma uthintana nodokotela mayelana nokukhishwa komchamo okuphansi, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele, okuhlanganisa umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nemithi yamanje, kulandelwe ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kungafaka:
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso, amazinga e-electrolyte, nokuhlola izimpawu zokutheleleka kwesistimu.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Ukulinganisa ukuphuma nokuhlaziya ukwakheka komchamo wakho (ukufuna igazi, amaprotheni, noma ukutheleleka).
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: I-CT scan noma i-ultrasound yezinso kanye nesinye ukuze kuhlolwe ukuvinjelwa ngokomzimba, amatshe, noma ukukhula.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ngokuphelele embangela eyinhloko :
- Izithiyo: Uma kutholakala ukuthi kukhona ukuvaleka, udokotela wakho angenza inqubo yokukususa noma ukunciphisa ingcindezi.
- Ukutheleleka: Uzonikezwa imithi elwa namagciwane noma imithi elwa namagciwane eqondiwe.
- Okubangelwa yimithi: Uma umuthi ulimaza izinso zakho, udokotela wakho uzowuyeka noma awushintshe ngokuphephile.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Uma ukulahlekelwa uketshezi (ngenxa yokuhlanza noma uhudo) kuyimbangela, uzothola ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa ama-electrolyte omlomo noma uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (IV).
- Ukwehluleka Kwezinso: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-dialysis ingadingeka ukuze kusulwe ubuthi egazini lakho.
- Ukusekelwa Kokudla Okunempilo: Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukudla okuthile okucebile ngamaprotheni nama-calories anele ukusekela ukululama kwakho.
Ingabe kufanele uphuze amanzi uma ungachami?
Lokhu kuncike embangela. Uma ukwehla komthamo wakho woketshezi kungenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukwandisa umthamo wakho woketshezi kubalulekile.
Uketshezi olunconyiwe luhlanganisa:
- Amanzi ahlanzekile
- Izixazululo zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni ngomlomo (ama-electrolyte)
- Imihluzi ecacile
- Amajusi ezithelo axutshwe
- Iziphuzo zezemidlalo
Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sezinso noma senhliziyo esivele sikhona, kufanele ulandele ngokuqinile imikhawulo yoketshezi kadokotela wakho, njengoba ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kungaba yingozi. Uma ungabaza, xhumana nodokotela wakho njalo.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma sezinso esingamahlalakhona, sicela ulandele uhlelo lwakho lokunakekelwa olukhona ngokunembile. Uma ubona ukwehla okuqhubekayo kokukhishwa komchamo noma umchamo uphenduka ube mnyama, uphuzi oqinile, phuza amanzi ukuze ubone ukuthi kuyaxazululeka yini. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, funa usizo lwezokwelapha.
Lungiselela ukubuza udokotela wakho:
- Kungani ukuphuma komchamo wami kwehla?
- Ingabe lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo?
- Ingabe izimpawu zami zamanje zisongela ukuphila?
- Uncoma yiphi indlela yokwelapha?
- Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zezinkinga?
- Ingabe kukhona izinguquko zokudla okufanele ngizenze?
- Ingabe kufanele ngibonane nodokotela wezokudla?
Funa izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma ukuphuma komchamo okuphansi kuhambisana nalokhu:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
- Ukudideka noma isimo sengqondo esishintshile
- Ukukhathala okukhulu noma ubuthakathaka
- Imfiva
Ungakuvimbela kanjani i-oliguria?
- Uma unesifo sohudo noma uhlanza, yandisa umthamo wakho woketshezi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kubalulekile empilweni yakho.
- Hlala uqaphile; uma ubona ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo wakho, lungisa lokho ngokushesha. Ukuqaphela kusenesikhathi kuyisihluthulelo sokuphathwa okuphumelelayo.
- Uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula ezikhona, isifo sezinso, noma izinkinga zenhliziyo, landela ngokuqinile iseluleko sikadokotela wakho sezokwelapha. Yazi ngokugcwele ngokuphuza kwakho amanzi okunconywayo nsuku zonke kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhawulo yokudla edingekayo.
Inothi elivela eNirogi Lanka: Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
Uma ukuphuma komchamo wakho kwehla, umzimba wakho uzama ukukutshela okuthile okubalulekile . Kungaba yinkinga encane, noma kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibalulekile esiyisisekelo. Uma kungelashwa, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zezokwelapha.
Kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa unamahloni noma ungakhululekile ukuxoxa ngemikhuba yokuchama. Kodwa-ke, ukulandelela ukuvama kanye nomthamo wokuchama kwakho kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuqapha impilo yakho.
Uma uhlanza noma unesifo sohudo, hlala unamanzi ukuze uvimbele ukulahleka koketshezi. Uma ukuphuma komchamo wakho kuhlala kuphansi naphezu kokuphuza uketshezi okwanele, sekuyisikhathi sokubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ukuze athole imbangela bese eqala ukwelashwa. Odokotela babhekana nalezi zinkinga nsuku zonke, futhi bakhona ukukusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngenkathi uxoxa ngezimpawu zakho. Ungummeli wakho wezempilo ongcono kakhulu. Sicela ukhulume ngokukhululekile nangokwethembeka nodokotela wakho, futhi uma ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, funa usizo ngokushesha emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze nawe noma ushayele u-911.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
💬 Kuyini i-oliguria?
I-Oliguria ibhekisela esimweni lapho ukuphuma komchamo kuphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile (ngokuvamile kungaphansi kwamamililitha angu-400 ngosuku).
💬 Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zokukhishwa komchamo ophansi?
Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso, noma ukuvaleka komchamo njengetshe lezinso.
💬 Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ukuphuma komchamo wami kwehla?
Okokuqala, gxila ekulondolozeni umswakama ngokuphuza uketshezi olwanele. Uma lokhu kungabuyiseli ukukhishwa komchamo okuvamile, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha, ngoba kungaba uphawu lwezinkinga ezihlobene nezinso.
Amagama angukhiye: I-Oliguria, ukuphuma komchamo okuphansi, isifo sezinso, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, uhlelo lomchamo, izimpawu, ukwelashwa
