Uke wezwa ngesitho esincane kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu esisebenza buthule ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu ukugaya ukudla okudlayo nokulawula amazinga kashukela egazini? Leso yi-pancreas, noma njengoba sikubiza ngesiNgisi, i-pancreas. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yezifo ezithile ezenzeka kulesi sitho esibalulekile, ingxenye noma yonke yaso kufanele isuswe ngokuhlinzwa. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-pancreatectomy. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa ngokuhlinzwa okunjalo. Yingakho, namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kungani udinga ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatectomy?
Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kanje kuphela ngemva kokucabangisisa kahle futhi kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela. Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu.
1. Izimila: Ezinye izimila ezakha i-pancreas zingaba nomdlavuza. Lezi zinobungozi obukhulu bokusabalala (ukusabalala kwezicubu) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ngakho-ke indlela engcono kakhulu yokunciphisa leyo ngozi ukususa ingxenye ye-pancreas equkethe isimila.
2. I-Pancreatitis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-pancreas ivuvukala. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nezinye izinkinga. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho isimo siba sibi kakhulu ukuba singalawuleki, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlinzwa kusetshenziswa njengesixazululo sezimo ezifana nama-cyst e-pancreatic kanye nezimila ezithile ezikhiqiza ama-hormone (izimila ze-pancreatic neuroendocrine).
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatectomy?
I-pancreas yethu ibunjwe kancane njengenhlanzi. Inekhanda elibanzi, "umzimba" ophakathi nendawo kanye "nomsila" omncane. Ngakho-ke, kuye ngokuthi isifo sikuphi, ingxenye esuswayo iyahlukahluka. Ngokufanelekile, kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Distal Pancreatectomy | Kulokhu, kususwa ingxenye "yomsila" yepancreas, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye "yomzimba". Njengoba le ngxenye iseduze kakhulu ne-spleen, ivame ukususwa kanye ne-spleen . |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Pancreat Okuphakathi | Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi kancane futhi engavamile. Kuhilela ukususa " ikhanda " kanye "nomsila" kuphela bese kushiya "umzimba" ophakathi ungathintekile . Lokhu kuvumela ukulondolozwa okukhulu komsebenzi we-pancreatic. |
| Inqubo ye-Pancreatoduodenectomy (inqubo ye-Whipple) | Yilokhu abantu abaningi abakwaziyo ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-"Whipple". Kulokhu, " ikhanda " le-pancreas liyasuswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo , ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane (i-duodenum), i-gallbladder, kanye ne-bile duct evamile exhunywe kuyo nayo iyasuswa . Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-pancreas asele, i-bile duct, kanye nesisu kuxhunyaniswa kabusha namathumbu amancane. |
| Ukususwa kwe-Pancreat okuphelele | Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kuhilela ukususa wonke ama-pancreas . Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa lapho lesi sifo sesisakazeke kulo lonke isitho noma lapho kungekho zicubu ezinempilo ezingasindiswa. Kanye nama-pancreas, kuhilela nokususa i-spleen, i-gallbladder, ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane, kanye nengxenye yesisu. |
Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-pancreas?
Yebo, ungakwenza nakanjani. Kodwa ngezinguquko ezithile. Ngenxa yokuthi ulahlekelwa ama-enzyme nama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-pancreas, kufanele uwakhiphe ngaphandle impilo yakho yonke.
Kalula nje, kufanele uthathe ama-enzyme asiza ekugayweni kokudla (i-Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy - PERT) ngendlela yamaphilisi, kanye ne-insulin hormone elawula ushukela egazini (i-insulin) ngendlela yemijovo.
Ingabe ngizoba nesifo sikashukela?
Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Uma kususwa ingxenye kuphela yepancreas, ingxenye esele ingase ikhiqize noma ingakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele yomzimba. Kuya ngengxenye esusiwe. Kodwa-ke, uma ipancreas yonke isusiwe (i-Total Pancreatectomy), ngokuqinisekile uzoba nesifo sikashukela . Ngoba amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin aphelile ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzodingeka uqale ukwelashwa nge-insulin.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa...
Udinga ukulungiselela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlolwa:Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo eziningana ukuze uhlole impilo yakho, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi, i-X-ray yesifuba, kanye ne-EKG.
- Ukuyeka imikhuba emibi: Uma ungumuntu ophuza utshwala, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngakho. Utshwala bungabangela izinkinga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi uyeke ngokuphephile.
- Imithi: Ngezinye izikhathi uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa...
Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa, udokotela wezinzwa uzokulalisa ngokuphelele ngentambo ye-IV engalweni yakho. Ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ukuhlinzwa kungathatha amahora ama-4 kuya kwayi-6. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukuhlinzwa ngokusika esiswini sakho (ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile) noma ngokusika okuncane ngosizo lwekhamera (ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic noma kwerobhothi).
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa...
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa ewadini futhi isimo sakho sizoqashwa ngokucophelela. Uzohlala esibhedlela cishe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
- Okokuqala, banikezwa ukudla okumanzi bese kancane kancane befakwa ekudleni okuvamile.
- Ama-painkiller anikezwa njengoba kudingeka.
- Kusukela ngosuku olulandela ukuhlinzwa, uzosizwa uphume embhedeni futhi uhambe kancane ngosizo lwabahlengikazi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Ithimba lezokwelapha lihlala lihlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kanye nenqubo yokugaya ukudla.
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile, kodwa odokotela benza lokhu kuhlinzwa ngoba izinzuzo zidlula izingozi.
| Uhlobo lwenkinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi yesikhashana (ngemva nje kokuhlinzwa) | |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo | Kuvamile ukwehlisa cishe amakhilogremu angu-5-7 ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko ekudleni kanye nekhono lomzimba lokululama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isisindo sizozinza. |
| Ukukhathala | Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wakho usebenzisa amandla amaningi ukuze welapheke kusukela ngaphakathi kuya ngaphandle, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kuvamile ukuzizwa kahle ngolunye usuku bese uzizwa ukhathele ngolunye usuku. Phumula ngokwanele. |
| Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla | Ngezinye izikhathi, amathumbu angase angasebenzi kahle (i-Paralytic ileus). Futhi, ukudla kungase kubambezeleke ekuphumeni esiswini (Ukuphuza kwesisu okulibazisekile). Lokhu kungokwesikhashana. |
| Izinkinga zesikhathi eside | |
| Isifo sikashukela | Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, ukususa wonke ama-pancreas kuzoholela ekutheni umuntu abe nesifo sikashukela. |
| Ukuntuleka Kwe-Exocrine Pancreatic | Umzimba awukhiqizi ama-enzyme anele okugaya ukudla. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo. Lokhu kudinga ukuthatha amaphilisi e-enzyme (PERT) . |
| Ukwehla kokuzivikela komzimba | Uma udengezi lususwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ikhono lokulwa nezifo ezithile liyancishiswa. Ngakho-ke, udokotela angase ancome ukuthola imijovo ethile. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama? Futhi kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela emavikini amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kuye ngempilo yakho yomzimba kanye nohlobo lokuhlinzwa.
Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
- Uma inxeba lokuhlinzwa livuvukile, libomvu, noma likhipha uketshezi olufana nobovu.
- Uma umkhuhlane ungaphezu kwama-degrees F angu-100 (37.7 C).
- Uma unesifo sohudo esingapheli noma ukuqunjelwa.
- Uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka buba bubi kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatectomy kuyindlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa esusa ingxenye egulayo noma wonke ama-pancreas. Kwenzelwa izimo ezisongela ukuphila njengomdlavuza.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kungenzeka ukuthi uphile ngaphandle kwe-pancreas, kodwa ukwelashwa impilo yonke okufana namaphilisi e-enzyme okugaya ukudla kanye ne-insulin yokulawula isifo sikashukela kungadingeka.
- Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kancane, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokusekelwa okudingayo.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, sicela uxoxe ngakho nodokotela wakho ngaphandle kokungabaza.
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