Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakhishwa igazi ukuze uhlolwe njalo. Noma mhlawumbe kungenxa yokuthi ubuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma ngoba ubunobuhlungu emzimbeni. Noma kunjalo, lapho udokotela ethi kulowo mbiko wegazi ukuthi "izinga lakho le-calcium liphezulu kancane," kungenzeka ukuthi udidekile kancane. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazibuza ukuthi amazinga aphezulu e-calcium ayinkinga yini. Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokuthi kukhona okwenzekayo emizimbeni yethu. Leso ngesinye sezimo esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini le adenoma ye-parathyroid?
Ungakhathazeki, yize igama lide kancane, empeleni lilula impela. I-adenoma ayiyona umdlavuza. Okusho ukuthi, akuyona into eyingozi esakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Yisimila esincane esingenangozi esakheka endlaleni.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi zindlala ze-parathyroid . Kunezindlala ezine ezincane, ezifana namathambo entanyeni yethu, ezizungeze indlala ye-thyroid (indlala abantu abaningi abayazi ngokuthi "imbuzi"). Lezi yizindlala ze-parathyroid. Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukukhiqiza i-hormone, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) , elawula izinga le-calcium emzimbeni wethu.
Cabanga ngakho 'njengokushintsha' okulawula amazinga e-calcium emizimbeni yethu. Lapho amazinga e-calcium ehla, ama-hormone akhishwa kulezi zindlala, ezidonsa i-calcium emathanjeni, ezinso nasemathunjini ziye egazini ukuze zibuyisele amazinga ezingeni elifanele.
Kodwa-ke, uma enye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlala ze-parathyroid iba ne-adenoma, indlala iba matasa kakhulu. Bese iqala ukukhiqiza i-hormone ye-parathyroid eningi kunaleyo umzimba oyidingayo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-primary hyperparathyroidism . Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinga le-calcium egazini likhuphuke ngokungadingekile.
Kalula nje: Isimila esincane, esingesona umdlavuza (i-adenoma) esikhula endlaleni ye-parathyroid sibangela ukuthi indlala ikhiqize ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izinga le-calcium egazini likhuphuke. Yilapho inkinga iqala khona.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabangelwa yilesi simo?
Ngokuvamile, uma amazinga e-calcium egazini ekhuphuka kancane, kungase kungabi nazimpawu. Yingakho abantu abaningi bekuthola ngengozi ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, lapho amazinga e-calcium ekhuphuka kakhulu, kuvela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuthola izimpawu ezivamile ezingavela ngenxa yalokhu.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Izinto ezingazwakala |
|---|---|
| Izici zomzimba ezijwayelekile | - Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ubuthakathaka njalo. - Ubuhlungu bomzimba obuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu. - Ukudinga ukuchama njalo. |
| Izimpawu zesistimu yengqondo neyezinzwa | - Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. - Ukucindezeleka, ukucasuka njalo. |
| Imiphumela ezinso | - Ukwakheka kwamatshe ezinso. |
| Imiphumela emathanjeni nasemalungeni | - Ubuhlungu emathanjeni nasemalungeni. - Ukuncipha kwamathambo (i-Osteoporosis), ukuphuka kwamathambo kalula. |
| Imiphumela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla | - Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala kwesifuba, isicanucanu nokuhlanza. - Ukuqunjelwa. |
| Eminye imiphumela | - Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme). |
Kungani lolu hlobo lwe-adenoma lukhula? Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Eqinisweni, ezimweni eziningi, akukho sizathu esithile esitholiwe sokuthuthukiswa kwalezi zinhlayiya ze-adenoma, kodwa kunezici ezithile eziyingozi.
- Izimbangela zofuzo: Iphesenti elincane kakhulu (cishe u-10%) wabantu lingazuza lesi simo ngezakhi zofuzo ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
- Ukuchayeka emisebeni: Uma uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe entanyeni nasekhanda useyingane noma usemusha, ingozi ingase ikhuphuke kancane.
- Ubudala nobulili: Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane.Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuba nalesi sifo. Futhi, sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-70.
Yiziphi izinto ezimbi ezingase zenzeke uma lokhu kunganakwa?
Ungacabangi ukuthi, "Uma kungewona umdlavuza, kungani wesaba?". Amazinga aphezulu e-calcium egazini angalawulwa isikhathi eside angalimaza izitho eziningi zomzimba wethu. Ikakhulukazi, uma amazinga e-calcium eba phezulu kakhulu, kungavela izimo eziphuthumayo.
- I-Cardiac Arrhythmia: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kungabi ngendlela evamile.
- Inkinga ye-Parathyroid: Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Singabangela ukudideka kwengqondo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso sezinzwa, i-coma, ngisho nokufa.
Ngakho-ke, yize lesi simila esingenacala, imiphumela yaso akufanele ithathwe kancane. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele bese ucela ukwelashwa.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Inqubo yokuthola lokhu icacile kakhulu.
1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Into yokuqala ongayenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Lokhu kuzohlola ukuthi amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho aphakeme yini.
2. Ukuhlola amazinga ama-hormone: Uma izinga lakho le-calcium liqinisekisiwe ukuthi liphezulu, kuzokwenziwa olunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izinga lakho le-parathyroid hormone (PTH) . Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lakho le-calcium egazini landa, izinga lakho le-PTH kufanele lehle. Kodwa kulesi sifo, izinga lakho le-calcium kanye nezinga lakho le-PTH liphezulu. Leso yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko.
3. Ezinye izivivinyo: Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo eziningana.
- Ukuskena: Ukuskena nge-ultrasound noma uhlobo olukhethekile lokuskena (`Tc-sestamibi` scan) kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ikuphi ngempela indlala noma ama-gland asebenza ngokweqile.
- I-CT scan: I -CT scan ingenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini amatshe noma i-calcium deposits ezinso.
- I-Bone Densitometry: Ilinganisa ukuthi amathambo akho abuthakathaka kangakanani.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwamahora angama-24: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi ingakanani i-calcium ekhishwa emchameni.
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwalokhu?
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokuhlala njalo kwalesi simo ukuhlinzwa.Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa i-parathyroid gland noma ama-glands asebenza ngokweqile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa sikubiza ngokuthi i-parathyroidectomy . Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuphumelele ngaphezu kwama-95% futhi kungasiqeda ngokuphelele lesi sifo.
Ingabe kufanele ngisahlinzwe ngisho noma ngingenazo izimpawu?
Yebo, odokotela abaningi batusa ukuhlinzwa noma ngabe azikho izimpawu. Ngoba, noma ngabe azikho izimpawu, amazinga aphezulu e-calcium egazini angabangela buthule izinto ezifana nokuncipha kwamathambo kanye nokulimala kwezinso. Ukuhlinzwa kungavimbela lowo monakalo wesikhathi eside.
Azikho yini ezinye izindlela zomuntu ongakwazi ukuya kohlinzwa?
Uma ungakwazi ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yeminyaka yakho noma ezinye izimo zempilo , udokotela wakho angase akuncomele imithi. Kodwa le mithi ayinciphisi amazinga ama-hormone. Kunalokho, ivimbela i-calcium ekukhishweni emathanjeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uthathe le mithi impilo yakho yonke.
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo kanye nezingozi
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kusetshenziswa amaskeni ukuthola indlala okukhulunywa ngayo. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.
- Udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane ngaphambili kwentamo bese ehlola zonke izindlala ezine ze-parathyroid.
- Indlala noma izindlala ezikhule ngendlela engavamile noma ezisebenza ngokweqile ziyasuswa.
- Uma zonke izindlala ezine zingajwayelekile, ngokuvamile u-3 1/2 wezindlala uyasuswa, kusale ingxenye encane, ngoba ezinye izicubu ze-parathyroid kumele zisale ukuze kulawulwe amazinga e-calcium emzimbeni.
- Amazinga e-hormone ye-PTH alinganiswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Uma indlala isusiwe, amazinga e-hormone azokwehla cishe ngo-50% ngokushesha.
Njengakuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Ingozi enkulu ukwehla kwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo kwamazinga e-calcium egazini (i-hypocalcemia) ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungabangela ukungakhululeki eminweni nasemaphethelweni omlomo, kanye nokunyakazisa imisipha. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, kufanele uphuze amaphilisi e-calcium ne-vitamin D amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho.
Cishe ngemva kwenyanga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, izimpawu zakho zizobe seziphelile. Ubuningi bamathambo akho buzokhula, ingozi yakho yokuba namatshe ezinso izoncipha, futhi izinga lakho lokuphila lizothuthuka kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-parathyroid adenoma ayiyona umdlavuza. Iyisimila esingenabungozi esikhula endlaleni.
- Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amazinga e-hormone ye-parathyroid akhuphuke, okubangela ukuthi amazinga e-calcium egazini akhuphuke ngokungadingekile.
- Izimpawu zalokhu zingafaka ukukhathala, ubuhlungu bomzimba, amatshe ezinso, kanye namathambo anciphile. Kodwa-ke, kungaba futhi kungabi nazimpawu.
- Lesi simo sivame ukutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okungahleliwe.
- Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokuhlala njalo kwalokhu ukususwa kwendlala ngokuhlinzwa, okuphumelele ngaphezu kuka-95%.
- Uma amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho ephezulu, ungesabi, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze akunike iseluleko.
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