Ake sithi wena noma othile omaziyo kuye kwadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwamathumbu. Noma ukuthi unesifo esibi samathumbu esikushiye ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza noma yini ngomlomo. Uwunikeza kanjani umzimba ukudla okunempilo namandla owadingayo? Yilapho sisebenzisa khona le ndlela ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi 'ukudla okunomsoco nge-intravenous'. Lokhu kuyinto ehluke kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kunesixazululo esivamile se-saline. Ake sibheke imininingwane.
Kuyini ukudla okunempilo kwabazali?
Nakuba leli gama lizwakala lingavamile, incazelo yalo ilula kakhulu. Igama elithi "parenteral" lisho "ngaphandle kohlelo lokugaya ukudla." Okusho ukuthi, i-Parenteral Nutrition yilapho ukudla esikudlayo ngomlomo kungena esiswini, kumuncwa amathumbu, bese kuguqulwa esibindini ngaphambi kokuba kumuncwe emzimbeni. Kubizwa ngokuthi i-Parenteral Nutrition , futhi zonke izakhamzimba umzimba ozidingayo zinikezwa ngqo emthanjeni wegazi.
Kalula nje, lokhu kuwukweqa lonke uhlelo lwethu lwamathumbu, kusukela emlonyeni kuze kuphele endunu, bese kulethwa zonke izakhamzimba ngqo emithanjeni yegazi.
Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukuthatha lokhu izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukuthatha amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho nokuphila kwabo konke.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zale ndlela?
Lokhu kungahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko. Enye isekelwe enanini lokudla okunomsoco okunikezwayo, kanti enye isekelwe emthanjeni ohlinzeka ngokudla okunomsoco.
| Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwenani lokudla okunomsoco okunikeziwe | |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo | Kalula nje... |
| Ukudla Okuphelele Kwabazali (TPN) | Lokhu kunikezwa labo abangakwazi nhlobo ukusebenzisa amathumbu abo. Kuhlinzeka ngamaphesenti ayi-100 omsoco odingwa ngumzimba. |
| Ukudla Okungaphelele Kwabazali (PPN) | Lokhu kunikezwa labo abangadla kancane ngomlomo, kodwa akwanele emzimbeni, nakulabo abangondlekile kahle. Lokhu kunikezwa njengokudla okwengeziwe. |
| Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwendlela yokudla | |
| Ukudla Okunempilo Kwabazali Abaphakathi (CPN) | Lokhu kunikezwa emthanjeni omkhulu entanyeni noma esifubeni oya ngqo enhliziyweni. Lokhu kuvumela amakhalori engeziwe kanye nokudla okunomsoco okugxile kakhulu. Lena yindlela esetshenziswa ukunikeza i-TPN. |
| Ukudla Okunomsoco Kwabazali Abangaphandle (PPN) | Lokhu kunikezwa emthanjeni omncane engalweni, emlenzeni, noma entanyeni. Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okunempilo kwesikhashana, okungaphelele (PPN). Kulula ukukunikeza, kodwa akunikezi inani elikhulu lamakhalori. |
Luquketheni lolu ketshezi olunomsoco?
Lokhu akulona nje ibhodlela likasawoti. Lokhu kufana 'ne-cocktail' yokudla okunempilo eyenzelwe isiguli ngokukhethekile. Lolu ketshezi lwenziwa ngokubala ngqo lokho umzimba wakho okudingayo, kucatshangelwa izici eziningi ezifana neminyaka yakho, isisindo, isimo sempilo, kanye nemibiko yegazi.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi ikakhulukazi:
- Amanzi
- Ama-carbohydrate (amandla)
- Amaprotheni (okukhula komzimba nokulungiswa kwamaseli)
- Amafutha/Amafutha (ukuze uthole amandla engeziwe)
- Amavithamini
- Usawoti wamaminerali (ama-electrolyte)
Lesi sixazululo siphelele kangangokuthi umuntu angaphila ngaso eyedwa impilo yakhe yonke ngaphandle kokudla noma yini ngomlomo.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kunikezwa khona ukudla okunomsoco ngemithambo yegazi?
Lokhu kusetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho isiguli singenakuphiwa ukudla nganoma iyiphi enye indlela.
Izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukudla okunempilo okuphelele (i-TPN)
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu
- Imiphumela emibi kakhulu ye-chemotherapy yomdlavuza
- Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu
- Ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emathunjini (i-intestinal ischemia)
- Izifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo, njengesifo sikaCrohn esibi
- Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi zingenamathumbu aqinile
- Uhudo olunzima, oluhlala isikhathi eside
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingathi sína ezidinga ukuphumula okuphelele kwesistimu yamathumbu
Izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukudla okunomsoco okungaphelele (PPN)
I-PPN ivame ukunikezwa ukuze inikeze amandla engeziwe iziguli ezingondlekile ngenxa yokuhlala isikhathi eside esibhedlela kanye nokudla okunganele ngomlomo.
Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kanye nokwelashwa kwayo
Lokhu akuyona nje i-cannula oyifaka esandleni sakho. Lokhu kudinga ithubhu ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ukuthi ifakwe emthanjeni omkhulu emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kufana nokuhlinzwa okuncane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uzozizwa ungenamizwa (uzizwe ungakhululekile) futhi lokhu kwenziwa. Udokotela uzohlanza isikhumba sakho bese efaka i-catheter ngqo emthanjeni ngosizo lwe-ultrasound noma i-X-ray.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-catheter:
- I-catheter yangaphandle "ethungelene": Lena ipayipi elifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ibanga elifushane bese liphuma endaweni ehlukile.
- I-catheter efakwe ngokuphelele: Lokhu kufihlwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kukhona imbobo encane ngaphansi kwesikhumba lapho umuthi ufakwa khona.
- Umugqa we-PICC: Lona ipayipi elifakwa ngomthambo ongalweni ongaphezulu bese lingena emthanjeni omkhulu esifubeni. Lisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhashana (ngaphansi kwamasonto ayi-6).
Lesi sixazululo sezakhamzimba sithatha cishe amahora ayi-10-12 ukufinyelela emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi basifaka ebusuku ngenkathi belele. Lokhu kwelashwa kungenziwa esibhedlela, noma ekhaya ngokuqeqeshwa okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto zidinga ukuphathwa ngendlela ehlanzekile kakhulu ukuze kugwenywe ukutheleleka .
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga ezingaba khona?
Nakuba le nqubo isindisa impilo, ingaba nezingozi nezinkinga ezithile. Yingakho odokotela beyisebenzisa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu futhi beqhubeka nokuqapha isiguli.
| Inkinga | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka | Amabhaktheriya angangena egazini nge-catheter. Lokhu kungasakazeka futhi kubangele isimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis . Lena ingozi enkulu neyimbi kakhulu . |
| Amahlule egazi | Amahlule egazi angakheka lapho i-catheter ixhuma khona emthanjeni. |
| Izinkinga zesibindi | Ukuthatha i-TPN isikhathi eside kungalimaza isibindi. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi isifo sesibindi esihlobene nokudla okunempilo (i-PNALD). |
| Ukungalingani kweshukela egazini | Amazinga kashukela angakhuphuka ngokuzumayo (i-Hyperglycemia) noma anciphe (i-Hypoglycemia). Lokhu kulawulwa ngokunikeza i-insulin. |
| Ukuncipha kwamathambo | Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinguquko ezintweni ezifana ne-calcium ne-vitamin D zingaholela emathanjeni abuthakathaka (i-Osteoporosis). |
| Izinkinga zenyongo | Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokugaya ukudla alusebenzi kahle, inyongo enyongweni ingaqoqana futhi yakhe amatshe. |
Ujwayela kanjani ukudla ngomlomo futhi?
Uma uhlelo lwamathumbu seluqala ukusebenza futhi, odokotela bazama ukubuyisela isiguli ekudleni ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba amathumbu angaba “avilaphayo” uma engasetshenziswa njalo.
Lokhu kwenziwe kahle kakhulu.
Abaqali ukudla ilayisi ngokushesha. Baqala 'ngokudla okucacile okuwuketshezi'. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana namanzi abilayo, iphalishi elinosawoti, namanzi. Uma umzimba ukwazi ukubekezelela, baqhubekela ekudleni okugcwele okuwuketshezi. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho beqala khona ukudla okuqinile.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ithimba lezokwelapha liqapha ngokucophelela amazinga okudla okunempilo emzimbeni wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukudla okunempilo kwabazali kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelapha esindisa impilo kulabo abangakwazi ukudla ngomlomo.
- Kulokhu, zonke izakhamzimba ezidingwa ngumzimba zilethwa ngqo emithanjeni yegazi.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-TPN (ukondla okuphelele kwe-parenteral) kanye ne-PPN (ukondla okungaphelele kwe-parenteral).
- Ngenxa yokuthi le ndlela inezingozi ezifana nokutheleleka, amahlule egazi, nezinkinga zesibindi, yenziwa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqinile kodokotela.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enikezwe lo muthi, ungesabi. Buza udokotela wakho ngakho futhi ukuqonde kahle. Landela imiyalelo yakhe kahle.
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