Ingabe ingane yakho ibonakala ingenakho ukunakwa? Ake sifunde kabanzi ngemithi ye-ADHD.

Ukuthi ingane ene-ADHD kufanele iyinike imithi noma cha kuyinto abazali abavame ukuyicabanga. Mhlawumbe nawe uke wazibuza okufanayo ngengane yakho. Cishe unemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho, njengokuthi yimiphi imithi enikezwa lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD, isebenza kanjani, nokuthi izoyizuzisa yini ingane noma izoyibangela imiphumela emibi. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke lokho ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini imithi ye-ADHD?

Kalula nje, ngemva kokuba udokotela eqinisekisile ukuthi ingane ine- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) , lo muthi unikezwa ukusiza ingane ukuthi ibhekane nalezo zimpawu futhi yenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi le mithi ayikwazi ukwelapha ngokuphelele i-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, ingasiza kakhulu ingane ukuthi ikhulise ikhono layo lokugxila, isebenze kancane, futhi ithole ukuzithiba.

Ingabe izingane ziyayidinga ngempela imithi ye-ADHD?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Akuzona zonke izingane ezine-ADHD ezidinga imithi. Kodwa-ke, ezinganeni eziningi, lo muthi ubasiza ukuba banake isikhathi eside, balalele abanye kangcono, futhi bangaguquguquki kakhulu.

Cabanga nje, lo muthi usiza ezintweni ezifana nokulalela uthisha ekilasini, ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole ngendlela efanele, njalo njalo.

Futhi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kungaba usizo kakhulu ekusizeni izingane zifunde ukulawula ukuziphatha kwazo, zihlale zihlelekile, futhi zilinde ithuba lazo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa abanye. Imithi ayiyona indlela emfushane yokwenza lokhu. Ingane isadinga ukusebenza kanzima ukuze ifunde lezi zindlela zokuziphatha namakhono. Imithi iyasiza ekugxiliseni ingqondo kangcono ngenkathi ifunda lezi zinto.

Khumbula, imithi iyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yokwelapha i-ADHD. Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali, kanye nokusekelwa esikoleni konke kuyingxenye yayo. Ezinganeni eziningi, inhlanganisela yokwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nemithi iyona ephumelela kakhulu.

Imithi ye-ADHD isebenza kanjani?

Lokhu kuyindaba yesayensi kancane, kodwa ngamazwi alula, kunje: Imithi ye-ADHD isebenza ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali athile obuchopho avame ukuba khona ebuchosheni bethu.

Le mithi ihlose kakhulu amakhemikhali amabili ebuchosheni abizwa ngokuthi i-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine . La makhemikhali amabili athinta ukunaka kwethu kanye nokugxilisa ingqondo. Ngakho-ke, le mithi isiza ukulinganisela la makhemikhali futhi isisize sihlale sigxile.

Uthatha kanjani imithi ye-ADHD?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yezingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha abane-ADHD. Le mithi ivame ukuthathwa kanye noma kabili ngosuku, kuye ngokuthi umuthi usetshenziswa kanjani. Yonke le mithi kumele ithathwe ngomuthi kadokotela.

Iningi lalawa yimithi oyiphuza ngomlomo. Iza ngesimo samaphilisi, amaphilisi ahlafunwayo, kanye namaphilisi ancibilikayo. Noma, iza ngesimo sama-capsule owagwinyayo, noma ungavula i-capsule bese ufaka umuthi ekudleni. Eminye imithi iza ngesimo soketshezi noma ama-patches owafaka esikhumbeni.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi ezikhona?

Singakhuluma kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi:

1. Izinto ezikhuthazayo

Eminye imithi emikhulu kulesi sigaba ifaka phakathi i-methylphenidate – okungenzeka ukuthi uke wayizwa ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo afana neRitalin, Concerta, Focalin, kanye neDaytrana – kanye nama-amphetamine – njenge-Adderall, i-Dexedrine, kanye ne-Vyvanse.

Izikhuthazi ziqala ukusebenza cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuthatha umuthi. Ukuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuthi:

• Imithi esebenza ngokushesha isebenza cishe amahora amathathu kuya kwayisithupha kuphela.
• Imithi esebenza isikhathi eside ihlala emzimbeni cishe amahora ayi-10 kuya kwangu-12. Le mithi esebenza isikhathi eside iwusizo kakhulu ezinganeni ezindala nezingane ezincane ezinezinsuku ezinde zesikole, umsebenzi wesikole kusihlwa, kanye nemisebenzi yangaphandle kwesikole edinga ukunakwa.

2. Izinto ezingezona ezivuselelayo

Eminye imithi kulesi sigaba ihlanganisa i-atomoxetine (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Strattera ), i-clonidine ( igama lomkhiqizo i-Kapvay), i-guanfacine ( igama lomkhiqizo i-Intuniv), kanye ne-viloxazine ( igama lomkhiqizo i-Quelbree).

Lezi zinto ezingezona izikhuthazi zingathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuqala ukusebenza, kodwa uma seziqalile ukusebenza, zihlala cishe amahora angama-24.

Ungawubhala kanjani umuthi?

Ngaphambi kokukunikeza imithi, ithimba lezokunakekelwa kwempilo lizokubuza nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi ingane yakho eyithathayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, izithasiselo ezifana namavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi. Bazofuna nokwazi umlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho , ikakhulukazi uma kukhona noma ubani emndenini wakho oye waba nezimo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo.

Odokotela bavame ukuqala ngomthamo ophansi we-stimulant. Uma ingane yakho iqala ukuthatha umuthi omusha we-ADHD noma umthamo omusha, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ubheke futhi ubone ukuthi uyamsiza yini ingane yakho. Kuye ngokuthi umuthi usiza kangakanani nokuthi ingane yakho inayo yini imiphumela emibi, udokotela uzolungisa umthamo nokuthi unikezwa kangaki nsuku zonke.

Ingane ngayinye isabela ngendlela ehlukile emithini. Uma umuthi wokuqala onikezwe ubonakala ungasebenzi ngisho nangemva komthamo ophezulu, udokotela wakho angase azame umuthi ohlukile. Ezinye izingane kungadingeka ziphuze imithi engaphezu kowodwa ye-ADHD ukuze zithole imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Ungasiza kanjani njengomzali?

Usizo lwakho kule ndaba lubaluleke kakhulu enganeni.

• Qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho ilala ngokwanele futhi idla ukudla okunomsoco . Lezi zinto zizosiza kakhulu ekusizeni ingane yakho ukuthi ilawule i-ADHD.
• Sebenzisana nethimba lakho lokunakekela ukuze wakhe isimiso semithi esisebenzela umndeni wakho. Bazokubuza ukuthi ingane yakho iqhuba kanjani ekhaya nasesikoleni. Khuluma nothisha bengane yakho njalo ukuze uthole okwengeziwe.
• Uma ingane yakho ibhekene nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi evela emithini, tshela udokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha.
• Hamba nengane yakho njalo uma uvakashela udokotela. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizohlola ukuphakama kwengane yakho, isisindo sayo, umfutho wegazi kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo njalo. Lizohlola nemiphumela emibi. Njengoba ingane yakho ikhula, umthamo womuthi ungadinga ukulungiswa. Kungadingeka ubonane nodokotela izikhathi eziningana, ngezinye izikhathi amasonto noma izinyanga, ukuze uthole umuthi ofanele kanye nomthamo wengane yakho. Ngemva kwalokho, kuzodingeka ubonane nengane yakho njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6.

Ukuze usize ingane yakho futhi uvimbele izinkinga, yenza lezi zinto:

• Nikeza kuphela umthamo onconywayo.
• Nikeza yonke imithi ngesikhathi.
• Ungayeki ukuphuza imithi noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
• Gcina yonke imithi endaweni ephephile kude nabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, imithi ye-ADHD ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu othola imiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nobunzima bokulala . Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi ye-ADHD ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukushaqeka , ukucasuka ,Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa, ikhanda elibuhlungu , ubuhlungu besisu , ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo , umfutho wegazi ophakeme , futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukunyakaza komzimba, okuyizinto ezinyakazayo zezingxenye zomzimba, kungenzeka.

Le miphumela emibi ivame ukwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuqala umuthi noma lapho umthamo unyusiwe. Iningi lawo liziphelela ngokwalo zingakapheli izinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa njengoba umzimba ujwayela umuthi.

Uma umphumela ongemuhle uqhubeka, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwehlisa umthamo noma ukuyeka umuthi bese eqala omunye. Umuthi we-ADHD uhlala emzimbeni wakho amahora ambalwa kuphela, ngakho-ke imiphumela emibi izophela njengoba umuthi uphela.

Ithimba lezokwelapha lengane yakho lizokutshela kabanzi ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona yemithi ethile ingane yakho eyithathayo. Uma ubona noma yini ekukhathazayo noma ekukhathazayo ngengane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha.

Abanye abazali bayanqikaza ukunikeza ingane yabo imithi ye-ADHD. Lokho kuyaqondakala. Kodwa-ke, ukunikeza ingane imithi efanele, ngesilinganiso esifanele, kungenza umehluko omkhulu futhi kunikeze impumuzo enkulu ezinganeni eziningi. Khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho mayelana nokwesaba kwakho nokukhathazeka kwakho. Buza imibuzo. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi kuwumqondo omuhle yini ukunikeza ingane yakho imithi noma cha.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

I-ADHD ingaba yinselele enganeni nasemndenini wayo, kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa.

• Imithi ye-ADHD iyindlela yokusiza ingane ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke nokugxila ekufundeni. Akuyona ikhambi eliphelele.
• Imiphumela emihle kakhulu itholakala uma le mithi ihlanganiswa nokwelashwa kokuziphatha, ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali, kanye nokusekelwa esikoleni.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nemithi noma imiphumela emibi, xoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho ungakhetha inketho engcono kakhulu yengane yakho.
• Yiba nesineke futhi uthande ingane yakho. Ukusekela kwakho kungamandla amakhulu engane yakho ukuze idlule kulolu hambo.

Sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sizokusiza ucabange ngekusasa lomntanakho futhi wenze izinqumo ezifanele.

I- ADHD, imithi ye-ADHD, ukuphazamiseka kokungakwazi ukunaka, isikhuthazi, esingavuseleli, isikhuthazi, esingavuseleli, i-methylphenidate, i-amphetamine, i-atomoxetine, impilo yengqondo yezingane, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha