Wake waphuka ithambo? Ake sifunde nge-(Comminuted Fracture) ngamazwi alula!

Kunezikhathi ekuphileni kwethu lapho kufanele sibhekane nezingozi nokuwa. Ngezinye izikhathi singaphunyuka ngokuklwebheka okuncane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi singaphuka ingalo noma umlenze. Uma sithi amathambo ayaphuka, amanye awo aphuka endaweni eyodwa, kodwa kukhona amanye amaphuka lapho ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu eziningi, njengokungathi lichotshoziwe. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Comminuted Fracture)` ngenxa yokuphuka kwethambo okukhulu kangaka. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Comminuted Fracture)` ngemininingwane ethe xaxa , ukuze ukwazi ukukuqonda.

Kuyini `(Ukuqhekeka Okuhlanganisiwe)`?

Kalula nje, i-`(Comminuted Fracture)` yilapho elinye lamathambo akho (okungukuthi ithambo) liphuka libe yizicucu ezintathu noma ngaphezulu . Cabanga ngale ndlela: uma uphonsa ipuleti, ngezinye izikhathi liyaphuka libe yizicucu ezimbili, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi liyaphuka libe yinqwaba yezicucu ezincane. Lokhu kuyinto efanayo. Ekuqhekekeni okulula, ithambo lingaphuka libe yizicucu ezimbili. Kodwa ku-`(Comminuted Fracture)`, ithambo liyaphuka libe yizicucu, ngezinye izikhathi libe yimpuphu. Kufanele futhi uqonde ukuthi lokhu kungathi sína kakhulu kunokuqhekeka okuvamile . Ngoba uma liphuka libe yinqwaba yezicucu, kunzima kakhulu ukuzihlanganisa kahle.

Kungani kwenzeka "ukuphuka kwesisu okuqhekekile"? Ziyini izimbangela?

Ukuze ithambo elinjengaleli liphuke libe yinqwaba yezingcezu, kuzodingeka kube ukushaya okukhulu kakhulu, umonakalo omkhulu . Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kwenzeke ngokuwa okuncane. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezingase zikubangele:

• Izingozi ezinkulu zezimoto: Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokushayisana kwezimoto ezifana nezimoto nezithuthuthu noma ngenxa yezinye izingozi ezinkulu.
• Ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu: Uma uwa usuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, njengasesihlahleni noma esakhiweni.
• Ukulimala okukhulu kwezemidlalo: Kungenzeka kweminye imidlalo esheshayo, ethinta inhliziyo (isb. i-rugby).
• Ukulimala okukhulu njengezilonda zokudutshulwa: Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, "Ukuphuka Okuqhekekile" kungenzeka ngoba kusetshenziswa amandla amaningi ethanjeni.

Kodwa, kukhona okunye. Njengoba abantu bekhula, amathambo abo aba buthakathaka, esikubiza nangokuthi `(Osteoporosis)`. Kumuntu onamathambo abuthakathaka kangaka, kunethuba lokuthi ngisho nokuwa okuncane, okungeke kubangele umonakalo omkhulu kumuntu ojwayelekile, kungaholela `(Ukuqhekeka Okuqhekekile)`. Kodwa okuvame ukubonakala yilawo ayenzeka ngenxa yemiphumela emikhulu esikhulume ngayo ngaphambili.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Comminuted Fracture)`? Wazi kanjani?

Ungacabanga ukuthi kubuhlungu kangakanani lapho ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu eziningi. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu: Into eyinhloko ubuhlungu obukhulu. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokubuthinta.
• Ukuvuvukala okusheshayo kanye nokulunywa: Indawo yokulimala izoqala ukuvuvukala ngokushesha, futhi ingase ibonakale iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/nsomi.
• Ukukhubazeka: Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kuyingalo noma umlenze, isimo sawo singashintsha futhi singase sibonakale sinwebekile.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa isitho: Lokhu kuholela ekungakwazini ukusebenzisa noma ukuhambisa ingalo noma umlenze olimele.
• Ngezinye izikhathi ingcezu yethambo eliphukile ingaphuma ngesikhumba: Lokhu kuyingozi kancane. Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi "i-Open Comminuted Fracture". Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kunethuba elikhulu lokutheleleka.
• Ukuzwa noma ukuzwa umsindo "wokuqhekeka" ngesikhathi sengozi: (`(Crepitus)`) Abanye abantu bangase bezwe noma bezwe umsindo wamathambo eshayana.
• Ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile lapho indawo ethintekile ithintwa: (`Ukunyakaza okungajwayelekile`) Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ingalo/umlenze uyagoba endaweni engavamile ukuba yilunga.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani ngokunembile "i-Comminuted Fracture"?

Uma uya esibhedlela unenxeba elinjengaleli, udokotela uzoqala akubuze ukuthi kwenzekeni kuwe, ahlole indawo, bese enza izivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuze anqume ukuthi ukuphuka "kuyi-comminuted fracture" nokuthi kuyingozi kangakanani:

• I-X-ray: Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa oluvame kakhulu. I-X-ray ingabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ithambo liphuke kanjani, ukuthi liphukelwe ezingcezu ezingaki, nokuthi zingaki izingcezu ezihlakazekile.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan - i-CT scan): Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ukwaphuka kuseduze nejoyinti (isib. idolo, indololwane), noma uma ufuna ukubona imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nezingcezu zamathambo, udokotela wakho angase akucele i-CT scan. Lokhu kungaveza isithombe samathambo esinobukhulu obuthathu (`3D`), okungakusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono isimo.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): I-MRI ayisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuphuka okuphukile. Kodwa-ke, i-MRI ingadingeka ukuze kubonwe ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo ezicutshini ezithambile (njengemisipha, imisipha, imizwa, kanye nemithambo yegazi) ezizungeze ukuphuka.

Kungemva kwalezi zivivinyo kuphela lapho udokotela enquma khona ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile ngawe nokuthi hlobo luni lokwelashwa oludingekayo.

Uphatha kanjani i-`(Comminuted Fracture)`? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?

Sesishilo kakade ukuthi "i-Comminuted Fracture" iwukuphuka okuyinkimbinkimbi. Uma ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu eziningi, izicucu zidinga ukuhlanganiswa futhi zilungiswe ngendlela yokuthi zinganyakazi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ithambo ngeke lilingane kahle.

Ngakho-ke, isikhathi esiningi, "Ukuphuka Okuqhekekile" kudinga ukuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukuhambisa izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile zibuyele ezindaweni zazo zokuqala ngangokunokwenzeka bese zihlanganiswa. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwenza lokhu:

• Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile Nokulungiswa Kwangaphakathi (i-ORIF): Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa esetshenziswa kakhulu.
• `Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile` kusho: Udokotela usika isikhumba, aye ethanjeni eliphukile, bese elungisa izingcezu zamathambo ngesandla.
• `Ukulungiswa Kwangaphakathi` kusho: Inqubo yokuhlanganisa izingcezu zamathambo ezilungisiwe ndawonye ngokufaka amapuleti ensimbi akhethekile, izikulufo, izinduku noma izipikili ngaphakathi. Lezi zenziwe ngezinsimbi ezikhethekile ezenzelwe ukulingana nomzimba.
• Ukulungiswa Kwangaphandle: Kwezinye izindawo lapho kuqhekeke khona kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqhekeke khona okuvulekile noma lapho inxeba livuvukele kakhulu, kungase kungenzeki ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-ORIF ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kufakwa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-External Fixator.
• Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka izikhonkwane eziningana zensimbi (`izikhonkwane` noma `izikulufo`) esikhumbeni esingaphezulu nangaphansi kwendawo yokuqhekeka ethanjeni, bese uzinamathisela ohlakeni (`uhlaka`) olungaphandle komzimba. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina izingcezu zamathambo zisendaweni yazo ngaphandle kokuba zinyakaze. Uma inxeba selipholile kancane futhi ukuvuvukala sekuphelile, ukuhlinzwa `(ORIF)` kungenziwa kamuva. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu `(External Fixator)` kungasetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho ithambo selipholile.

Ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa:

Akuvamile kakhulu ukwelapha `(Ukuqhekeka Okuqhekekile)` ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yokuthi izingcezu zamathambo zihlakazeke ezindaweni eziningi, ngeke zilingane kahle ne-`(Plaster Cast)` noma i-`Splint` kuphela. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu , uma izingcezu zamathambo zingaqhelelene kakhulu, udokotela angase azame ukuziphulukisa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa ngokufaka i-plaster cast. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuphumelelanga kangako.

Ukulawula ubuhlungu:

Njengoba lokhu kubuhlungu ngempela, udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu efanele.

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa:

Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze "Ukuphuka Okuqhekekile" kuphulukiswe siyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi kuye ngohlobo lokuphuka. Kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokuphuka okuvamile.

• Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana (ngokuvamile izinyanga ezi-3-6 noma ngaphezulu) ukuthi izingcezu zamathambo zihlangane futhi ziqine.
• Ngisho nangemva kwalokho, uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ingalo/umlenze othintekile futhi, kuzodingeka nakanjani udlule enkambisweni yokwelashwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-physiotherapy . Lokhu kungathatha izinyanga eziningana.

Ngakho-ke, kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka ukululama ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubekezela nokuthola ukwelashwa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-"Comminuted Fracture"?

Njengazo zonke izingozi, "i-Comminuted Fracture" ingaba nezinkinga ezithile. Kuhle ukuqaphela nalezi:

• Ukutheleleka:Ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka "i-Open Fracture" (lapho isikhumba sibhobozwa futhi ithambo livezwa) noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa, amagciwane angangena enxebeni futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
• Ukulimala kwemizwa noma kwemithambo yegazi: Lapho ithambo liphuka, izingcezu zamathambo ezibukhali zingalimaza imizwa noma imithambo yegazi eseduze.
• I-Compartment Syndrome: Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha ezungeze ukulimala kungabangela ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwezingxenye, kunqande ukugeleza kwegazi. Lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokungazweli ezingalweni/emilenzeni.
• I-Malunion noma i-Nonunion: Ngezinye izikhathi izingcezu zamathambo zingahlangana ngendlela engafanele (njenge-splint). Noma zingahlala ndawonye isikhathi eside. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungadingeka ukuthi uphinde uhlinzwe.
• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuhlungu bamalunga (i-Arthritis): Ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ukuphuka okubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lelo lunga lingase libe nesifo samathambo, okungukuthi, ubuhlungu bamalunga.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli: Abanye abantu bangase baqhubeke nobuhlungu ngisho nangemva kokuba inxeba selipholile.
• Ukuqina nokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle engalweni/emlenzeni: Ingalo/umlenze olimele ungase uqine futhi ungakwazi ukugoba noma ukuqondisa njengakuqala. Yilapho i-physiotherapy iba khona kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izinto ezinjengalezi azenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi zingenzeka futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela.

Yini okufanele uyenze ukuze ululame ngokushesha ngemva kokwaphuka kwesikhumba okubangelwa yi-`(Comminuted Fracture)`?

Uma une-"Comminuted Fracture" futhi uphathwa, nakekela lezi zinto ukuze zikusize ululame ngokushesha:

• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo: Yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu. Yenza konke ngendlela efanele, njengokuthi uthatha kanjani imithi yakho, ukuthi unakekela kanjani inxeba lakho, ukuthi udinga ukuphumula okungakanani, nokuthi kufanele uqale nini ukuhamba futhi.
• Thatha imithi yakho oyinikezwe ngudokotela ngesikhathi: Thatha imithi yakho oyinikezwe ngudokotela, njengemithi yokuqeda ubuhlungu kanye nama-antibiotic (ukuvimbela ukutheleleka), njengoba kuyalelwe.
• Ukuphumula kubalulekile: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumula ingalo/umlenze othintekile kuze kube yilapho ithambo liphola. Ungaphakamisi izinto ezisindayo, ugijime noma ugxume kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala.
• Phakamisa indawo ethintekile ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala: Uma kuyingalo/umlenze, ukuyigcina iphakeme ngomcamelo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala.
• Qiniseka ukuthi wenza i-physiotherapy: Uma udokotela wakho ekuncoma, yiba khona njalo emihlanganweni ye-physiotherapy. Yenza izivivinyo ekhaya. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uphinde uthole amandla nokuguquguquka kwengalo/umlenze wakho.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunempilo:Yidla ukudla okwengeziwe okucebile nge-calcium kanye ne-vitamin D (njengobisi, iyogathi, ushizi, imifino eluhlaza, kanye nenhlanzi), okusiza ekwelapheni amathambo. Ukudla okucebile ngamaprotheni nakho kubalulekile.
• Uma ubhema, yeka: Ukubhema kubambezela kakhulu ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo. Ngakho-ke uma ubhema, ukuyeka manje kuwusizo olukhulu kuwe.
• Ungayeki ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha: Yiya kudokotela ngezinsuku akutshela ukuthi ubuye uzohlola isimo sakho.

Ingabe "Ukuphuka Okuqhekekile" kungavinjelwa?

Izingozi yizinto ezenzeka ngesikhathi esingazilindele. Kodwa-ke, ukulandela izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha kunganciphisa ingozi yokulimala okukhulu.

• Ukulandela izinqubo zokuphepha:
• Gqoka amabhande esihlalo njalo uma uhamba ngezimoto.
• Gqoka isigqoko esisezingeni elifanele uma ugibela isithuthuthu noma ibhayisikili.
• Landela imishini nezinqubo zokuphepha endaweni yokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziyingozi njengokwakha.
• Uma udlala imidlalo, sebenzisa imishini yokuphepha (isib., ama-guard, ama-padding) afanele lo mdlalo.
• Ukuvimbela ukuwa (ikakhulukazi kwasebekhulile):
• Qaphela izingozi ezingase zishelele futhi ziwe ekhaya lakho (isib. izindlu zangasese, izitebhisi). Uma kudingeka, faka izinto zokubambelela kanye nama-mata angasheleli.
• Qiniseka ukuthi kunokukhanya okuhle ebusuku.
• Uma unenkinga yokuhamba, sebenzisa induku yokuhamba noma i-walker njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Ukugcina amathambo eqinile:
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okucebile nge-calcium kanye ne-vitamin D.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo (ukuzivocavoca okuthwala isisindo kuqinisa amathambo).
• Uma unesifo esifana ne-osteoporosis, thola ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele.

Ukucabanga ngalezi zinto kuzosisiza ngezinga elithile ukuthi sizivikele ekulimaleni okukhulu njengokuthi `(Comminuted Fracture)`.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu nge-`(Comminuted Fracture)` namuhla. Nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• "Ukuphuka Okuqhekekile" kuyisimo esibi lapho ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu eziningi.
• Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukushaya okunamandla kakhulu (njengengozi enkulu, ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme).
• Uma ulimele kanje , kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ngokuvamile, lesi simo sidinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe kahle izingcezu zamathambo.
• Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa, futhi i-physiotherapy iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenqubo yokuphulukiswa.
• Uma ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo futhi ubekezele ngokwelashwa, ungalulama kahle.

Ungesabi, kodwa hlala unakekela ukuphepha kwakho. Ngoba, njengoba isisho sithi, "Ukuqapha kungcono kunokwelapha." Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza!

Ukuphuka Okuphukile , ithambo eliphukile, ithambo elichotshoziwe, ukuhlinzwa, ukuphulukiswa kwamathambo, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, izingozi, ukwelashwa kwamathambo