Wake waphawula iqhubu elincane phambi kwendlebe yakho, esihlathini sakho? Ngezinye izikhathi lingase lingabi buhlungu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lingase libe buhlungu uma udla. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma ubona into efana nale. Imbangela yaleli qhubu ingaba yithumba noma itshe kwelinye lama-gland amakhulu amathe emlonyeni wethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okukhethekile okwenziwa esimweni esinjalo. Ungakhathazeki, ake sichaze konke ngamagama alula.
Kuyini i-Parotidectomy?
Kalula nje, i-Parotidectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa ingxenye noma zonke izindlala zamathe phambi kwezindlebe zakho ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Parotid Gland. Lezi yizindlala ezinkulu zamathe emzimbeni wethu. Uma sidla, lezi zindlala zisiza ekukhiqizeni amathe ukuze kube lula ukugwinya.
Pho kungani udinga ukususa le ndlala? Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Izimila: Uma kuvela isimila kule ndlala, singaba umdlavuza noma sibe yingozi.
2. Amatshe Angamathe: Ngezinye izikhathi, "amatshe" angakheka kule ndlala, avale imigudu ethwala amathe. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amathe aqoqeke futhi kubangele ukuthi indlala ivuvuke futhi ibe buhlungu.
Kusezimweni ezinjengalezi lapho odokotela benquma ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Yebo, indlela lokhu kuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo incike endaweni lapho kukhona khona isimila noma inkinga. Inzwa ebaluleke kakhulu elawula ukubonakala kobuso bethu, njengalapho simomotheka futhi sivala amehlo ethu, idlula endlaleni yakho ye-parotid. Siyibiza ngokuthi inzwa yobuso . Kunezingxenye ezimbili zendlala ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwale nzwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzwa kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili.
1. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Parotidectomy Okungaphezulu: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa isimila endlaleni engaphezulu kwenzwa yobuso. Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa luvame ukwenziwa.
2. Ukususwa kwe-Parotidectomy ephelele: Kulokhu, uma kukhona isimila engxenyeni ejulile ngaphansi kwenzwa yobuso, noma uma isimila sesisabalale kuzo zombili izingxenye, yonke indlala iyasuswa.
Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi, uma kudingeka, akwenze ama-scan ukuze anqume ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okudingeka ukwenze.
Ulungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Njengoba lokhu kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa, kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo (udokotela we-otolaryngologist - udokotela wezindlebe, impumulo nomphimbo) uzokunikeza imiyalelo ethile ngalokhu.
Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuba nelungu lomndeni noma umngane wakho uma uya kudokotela. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma ukhohlwa okuthile, lowo muntu angakukhumbula futhi akusize.
Lezi yizinto okufanele uzenze ngokuvamile:
- Uma ubhema, kufanele uyeke ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ukubhema kubambezela ukuphola kwenxeba.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi (isib. yesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi) noma amavithamini owasebenzisayo. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha eminye imithi (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Thola ukuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Buza ukuthi kuzodingeka yini uhlale esibhedlela ngemva kokuhlinzwa, noma ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku.
- Hlela ukuthi othile akuphelezele uye ekhaya kanye nomuntu ozokunakekela emahoreni okuqala angu-24 noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokubuya kwakho ekhaya.
Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Uma kukhona isimila, udokotela angenza izivivinyo eziningana ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:
- Ukufuthwa kwenaliti encane (i-FNA): Kuthathwa ingcezu encane kakhulu yezicubu esigaxeni kusetshenziswa inaliti encane bese kuhlolwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- I-CT scan noma i-MRI scan: Uma isimila siseduze kakhulu ne-facial nerve ebalulekile, lezi skeni zingasiza udokotela ohlinzayo, njengemephu, ukuba aqaphele ukuthi angalimazi lelo nerve ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngeke uzizwe lutho ngalokhu, ngoba ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile futhi uzobe ulele kahle.
Udokotela ohlinzayo ulandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: I-incision yenziwa kuqala phambi kwendlebe yakho, idlule ngaphansi kwe-earlobe, bese kulandela ukugoba kwemvelo phezulu entanyeni yakho. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze i-incision ingabonakali kalula kamuva.
2. Ukuveza indlala: Isikhumba siyadonswa emuva ukuze kuvezwe indlala ye-parotid. Ngalesi sikhathi, idivayisi yokuqapha imizwa yobuso ingasetshenziswa ukuqapha umonakalo emthanjeni wobuso.
3. Ukususwa kwe-gland: Ingxenye edingekayo ye-gland noma yonke i-gland isuswa ngokucophelela. Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi inomdlavuza futhi kutholakale ukuthi isakazekele kuma-lymph node aseduze, lawo ma-lymph node nawo ayasuswa ngesikhathi esifanayo.
4. Ukuthunga imbobo: Bese imbobo ithungwa kahle.
5. Ukufaka ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi: Kufakwa ipayipi elincane (ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi ngokuhlinzwa) ukuze kuvinjwe igazi noma olunye uketshezi ukuthi lungaqongelelani ngaphakathi kwenxeba bese lukhishwa. Lokhu kususwa ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa konke kuvame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamane.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, lokhu kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi.
Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi ingalapha lesi sifo esise-parotid gland. Uma kuyithumba elivamile, lizophulukiswa ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma kuyithumba elinomdlavuza, lingasuswa ngaphambi kokuba lisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi lingasindisa izimpilo. Futhi kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yobuhlungu obukhulu kanye nezifo ezibangelwa amatshe amathe.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa eyinkimbinkimbi, kunezingozi ezithile kanye nemiphumela emibi engenzeka. Iningi lalokhu lingokwesikhashana.
| Umphumela/inkinga | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuthuntu ebusweni, endlebeni, noma emhlathini | Isikhumba esiseceleni kokuhlinzwa singase sizizwe singasasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kuzonyamalala kancane kancane ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya onyakeni. |
| Ubuthakathaka bobuso | Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, inzwa yobuso ingase ivuvuke kancane, okubangela umuzwa wokudonsa ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso, kanye nokungakhululeki okuncane lapho umamatheka noma uvala amehlo. Lokhu nakho kuyalulama ngokugcwele emavikini noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Umonakalo ohlala njalo awuvamile. |
| Isifo sikaFrey | Lesi yisimo esingajwayelekile kancane. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uma udla, uqala ukujuluka ohlangothini lwesihlathi sakho lapho uhlinzwe khona. Kukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu. |
| Isifo sokulunywa kokuqala | Ubuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini lwesokudla lomhlathi lapho ulunywa okokuqala. Lokhu kuvame ukuphela ngemva kwesikhashana. |
| Ukuqoqwa kwegazi (iHematoma) | Igazi lingaqoqana ngaphakathi kwesilonda futhi libangele ukuvuvukala. Umsele wokukhipha amanzi ubekwa ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu. |
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Uma uvuka ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzobe usegumbini lokululama. Abasebenzi abahlengikazi bazohlola njalo ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nomfutho wegazi. Bazokunikeza imithi yobuhlungu. Bangase bakucele ukuthi umomotheke futhi uvale amehlo akho ngokuqinile ukuze bahlole ukuthi izinzwa zakho zobuso zisebenza kahle.
Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, uzofundiswa ukuthi ungalinakekela kanjani inxeba lakho, ukuthi ungalinakekela kanjani ipayipi lokuhambisa amanzi (uma likhona), nokuthi kuzodingeka ubuye nini ukuze kukhishwe izithungo kanye nepayipi lokuhambisa amanzi.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngokuvamile ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kodwa-ke, ukuba ndikindiki kanye nobuthakathaka bobuso okukhulunywe ngabo ngenhla kungathatha izinyanga eziningana noma ngisho nonyaka ukuze ululame ngokugcwele. Kubalulekile ukubekezela.
Uma isimila somdlavuza sisusiwe, kuzodingeka ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo isikhathi eside (mhlawumbe kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20) ukuze ubone ukuthi siyabuya yini.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela wakho?
Uma uya ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi.
- Uma uzizwa sengathi ukungezwani kobuso bakho noma ubuthakathaka bakho buyakhula.
- Uma inxeba likhipha ubomvu, uketshezi, noma igazi.
- Uma indawo ezungeze inxeba ibomvu, izwakala ishisa uma uyithinta, noma ibuhlungu uma uyithinta.
- Uma kukhona iphunga elibi elivela esilondeni.
Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe izimpawu zokutheleleka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Parotidectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokususa izimila noma amatshe akheka endlaleni yamathe (indlala ye-parotid) phambi kwendlebe.
- Njengoba lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa eduze komthambo wobuso obaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lukadokotela ohlinzayo onguchwepheshe.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (yeka ukubhema, funda ngemithi).
- Kujwayelekile ukuzwa ukungabi namandla kobuso noma ubuthakathaka obuncane ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Iningi lalokhu lizophela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka esilondeni (ubomvu, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, ukubomvu, umkhuhlane), ungalibali futhi wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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