Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona, noma wabhekana nomgodi phakathi kwesifuba. Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kuyingxenye encane nje yesifuba, kanti kwabanye, kuyabonakala kakhulu, njengokungathi isifuba singene ngaphakathi. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi `(Pectus Excavatum)`. Ungesabi kakhulu uma uzwa leli gama, lesi yisimo esivamile. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, kalula kakhulu.

Iyini le nkinga yesifuba, noma (i-Pectus Excavatum)?

Kalula nje, `(Pectus Excavatum)` iwukuvela kwethambo phakathi kwesifuba sethu, okungukuthi, i-sternum `(Sternum).` Ukuze kube sobala, leli thambo eliphakathi lesifuba ligobile ngaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungabona ukucwila okucacile, noma ukugoba, kwesifuba. Ngokuvamile, cishe izimbambo ezine noma ezinhlanu ohlangothini ngalunye lwesifuba zixhunywe kulokhu.

Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "isifuba esicwile" noma "isifuba se-funnel." Lesi simo sinciphisa isikhala ngaphakathi kwesifuba. Kwenzekani-ke? Ayikho indawo eyanele yokuba inhliziyo namaphaphu asebenze kahle.

`(I-Pectus Excavatum)` yisimo sokuzalwa. Lokho kusho ukuthi umuntu uzalwa enalesi simo. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, siqala ukubonakala esemncane, cishe eneminyaka eyishumi nantathu noma eyishumi nane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, odokotela bangasilungisa lesi simo ngokuhlinzwa okuncane noma ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo (Pectus Excavatum)?

Lokhu kuyisifo esivame kakhulu sokuzalwa odongeni lwesifuba. Uma sikhuluma nje, sithinta abantu abaphakathi koyedwa nabayisishiyagalombili kwabayinkulungwane. Sivame kakhulu kubafana.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-(Pectus Excavatum)?

Izimpawu zalesi simo zingathinta kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.

Izimpawu zomzimba:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca: Ungase uzizwe sengathi uphelelwa umoya ngisho nalapho ugijima noma udlala.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngokushesha kunabanye ontanga: Uma udlala nabangani, ungase uzizwe ukhathele ngaphambi kokuba bona bakhathale.
• Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba: Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile: Ukuzwa sengathi isigqi senhliziyo yakho siyashintsha.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo: Umuzwa osheshayo wokuzwa umsindo wenhliziyo yakho ishaya, noma umuzwa wayo ishaya ngokushesha.

Izimpawu zengqondo:

Cabanga nje, uma uzizwa unamahloni futhi ungakhululekile lapho uyobhukuda nabangani bakho noma udlala ezemidlalo ngenxa yalolu shintsho esifubeni sakho... ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungafuni ngisho nokukhumula i-T-shirt yakho. Izinto ezinjengalezi zinganciphisa ukuzethemba kwakho.

• Ihlazo elikhulu kanye nokungakhululeki okubangelwa ukubonakala kwesifuba.
• Izinkinga zokuzethemba.
• Kwezinye izimo, lesi simo singaholela ngisho nasekucindezelekeni kwezokwelapha .

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Pectus Excavatum)?

Imbangela eqondile yalesi simo kubantu abaningi ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, singase sihlotshaniswe nezifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo njenge-Marfan syndrome noma i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Ingabe lokhu kuyindaba yofuzo?

Abacwaningi abakakwazi ukuthola isixhumanisi esiqondile sezakhi zofuzo kulesi simo. Kodwa basola ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ithonya lezakhi zofuzo . Kutholakale ukuthi phakathi kuka-40% no-53% wabantu abane-Pectus Excavatum banelungu lomndeni elinalesi simo.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-(Pectus Excavatum)?

Njengoba imbangela eqondile yalesi simo ingakatholakali, kunzima ukukhomba izici eziqondile eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho enalesi simo, noma uma unezinye zezifo ezishiwo ngaphambilini eziye zabonakala zihlobene naso, ungase ube sengozini yokuthola lesi simo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngePectus Excavatum zifaka:

• Ukwehla kwamandla okuzivocavoca.
• I-Mitral valve prolapse (i-valve yenhliziyo engavali kahle).
• Ukucindezelwa kwenhliziyo yakho.

Itholakala kanjani i-Pectus Excavatum?

Udokotela angakwazi ukuxilonga lesi simo ngokuhlolwa okulula ngokomzimba. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela bangase bangakuqapheli uze ube semncane. Bangase benze izivivinyo ezahlukene ukuze babone ukuthi i-Pectus Excavatum ithinte kangakanani ukusebenza kwenhliziyo namaphaphu akho.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga (i-Pectus Excavatum)?

Ukuhlolwa kwalokhu kungafaka:

• Ukuskena kwe-chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT esifubeni.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuvivinya umzimba kwenhliziyo namaphaphu.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG).
• I-Echocardiogram yenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwephaphu (ama-PFT).

Iphathwa kanjani i-Pectus Excavatum?

Udokotela ohlinzayo angalungisa lesi simo (i-Pectus Excavatum) kungaba ngenqubo engangenisi kakhulu (inqubo ye-Nuss) noma ngenqubo evulekile (inqubo ye-Ravitch) . Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzoxoxa nawe ngokuthi iyiphi inqubo engcono kakhulu kuwe. Le nqubo ihilela ukubeka kabusha ithambo lakho lesifuba (i-sternum) ukuze liphakanyiswe kancane. Ngazo zombili lezi zinqubo:

• Kunciphisa ingcindezi enhliziyweni nasemaphashini akho, okuvumela lezo zitho ukuthi zisebenze kangcono.
• Isifuba sakho siyathuthuka.

Uma unezimpawu zomzimba noma ubhekene nokucindezeleka kwengqondo ngenxa ye-Pectus Excavatum, ukuhlinzwa kungaba yindlela enhle kuwe. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuhlinzwa siphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 neyi-14, lapho udonga lwesifuba lusaguquguquka. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuhlinzwa.

Inqubo ye-Nuss

Lena indlela engeyona eyingozi kakhulu. Kulokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo:

• Kufakwa ikhamera esifubeni ukuze iqondise ukuhlinzwa.
• Kwenziwa izimbobo ezimbili ezincane ohlangothini ngalunye lwesifuba.
• Ibhendi noma amabhendi ensimbi aklanywe ngokukhethekile, agobile afakwa ngaphansi kwethambo lesifuba, bese elungiswa ukuze aphakamise ithambo phezulu.
• Leli bhande linamathele ezinhlangothini zodonga lwesifuba futhi lisusa lokho kubukeka okugobile.

Leli bhande lensimbi kufanele lishiywe endaweni yalo iminyaka eminingana. Bese udokotela ohlinzayo elisusa ngenqubo elula yokulaliswa esibhedlela (okusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku).

Inqubo yeRavitch

Lena indlela yendabuko yokuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Kulokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo:

• Kwenziwa ukusika ngaphambili kwesifuba.
• Izicubu ezixhumeneyo ezikhule kakhulu ezisunduza ithambo eliphakathi kwesifuba ngaphakathi ziyasuswa.
• Ithambo lesifuba eliphakathi liyasuswa enhliziyweni nasemaphashini, lidonswe phambili, bese lifakwa endaweni efanele odongeni lwesifuba.
• Bese kuthi, kusetshenziswa ipuleti elincane nezikulufo ezincane , noma ibhande elincane lensimbi, iphakathi kwethambo lesifuba liqiniswe endaweni entsha.

Le bhendi yensimbi isuswa ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-6 kuya kwezi-12 enqubweni emfushane yokulaliswa esibhedlela. Le bhendi incane kunebhendi esetshenziswa enqubweni ethi "Nuss." Amapuleti awasuswa, ngakho-ke akukho ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe okudingekayo.

Izinkinga zokwelashwa

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa iPectus Excavatum kunezingozi ezithile. Kokubili inqubo yeNuss kanye nendlela yeRavitch eguquliwe kuphephile futhi kuyasebenza. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zingavela kancane.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuhlinzwa kwe-`(Pectus Excavatum)`:

• I-Pneumothorax.
• Ukopha.
• Ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni.
• Ukutheleleka.
• Uqala ukuhlanya lapho ibhande elifakiwe lalikhona.
• Ukuphinda kwesimo se-`(Pectus Excavatum)` ngemva kokususwa kwebhande.
• Ukulimala kwezicubu ezizungezile.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kulokhu kwelashwa?

Njengoba kuthuthukiswe ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, isikhathi sokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa manje sesifushane futhi asibuhlungu kangako kunangaphambili.

I-Cryoablation iqandisa okwesikhashana imizwa esodongeni lwesifuba phakathi kwezimbambo ezizwela ubuhlungu. Imithi yokubulala izinzwa yendawo ifakwa kuleyo mizwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kunikezwa nemithi yokubulala izinzwa ngomlomo.

Ukusebenzisa le ndlela ethi "Cryoablation" ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu obuvela ngemva kwenqubo ethi "Nuss" kuye kwanciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela, kanye nesidingo semithi yokudambisa izinhlungu efana nethi "Opioids".

Esikhathini esidlule, ngoba kwakuthatha cishe inyanga ukululama kule nqubo "ye-Nuss", izingane zesikole kwakufanele ziyenze ngesikhathi samaholide amade. Kodwa manje, ngenxa yezindlela ezintsha zokulawula ubuhlungu njenge-"Cryoablation," ukuhlala esibhedlela kufushane futhi ukululama kuyashesha, ngakho-ke kungenziwa ngisho nangesikhathi samaholide amafushane esikole.

Izindlela zokulawula ubuhlungu zendabuko zidinga isonto esibhedlela ngemuva kwenqubo ye-Nuss. Kudingeka ne-epidural, kulandelwe amasonto amaningana emithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ye-opioid engaba umlutha.

Kodwa nge-Cryoablation, abantu abaningi bangaya ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Abanye abantu abadingi i-IV noma i-opioid yomlomo nhlobo ngenkathi besesibhedlela. Ngisho nalabo abadinga i-opioid yomlomo bangayeka ukuyithatha ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. I-Cryoablation ingashiya udonga lwesifuba lungasebenzi kahle izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni.

Ingabe i-Pectus Excavatum ingavinjelwa?

Cha. Kuze kutholakale imbangela ethile ye-`(Pectus Excavatum)`, ayikho indlela yokuyivimbela.

Uma nginayo (i-Pectus Excavatum), yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokuhlinzwa kwePectus Excavatum ukunciphisa ingcindezi enhliziyweni nasemaphashini akho, okukuvumela ukuthi kusebenze kangcono. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekuthuthukisweni kokuphefumula, ubunzima bokuzivocavoca, kanye nobuhlungu besifuba. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke waba nomuzwa wokuthi ukuphefumula kwakho namandla akho kwakujwayelekile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kodwa kungemva kokuhlinzwa kuphela lapho uqaphela khona ukuthi kungcono kangakanani.

Labo abanenkinga enkulu kwakuwukubonakala okungavamile kwamabele abo babone intuthuko enkulu ekuzithembeni kwabo nasekuzethembeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa.Abantu abadala abane-`(Pectus Excavatum)` bangase bangaboni imikhawulo ecacile emisebenzini yabo kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yabo engama-30 noma ngisho neminyaka engama-40.

Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani (i-Pectus Excavatum)?

Uzoba nalesi simo kuze kube yilapho uhlinzwa ukuze usilungise.

Ngingabuyela nini emisebenzini yami evamile?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uphumule isikhashana ngoba uzozizwa ungakhululekile. Uma ukungakhululeki sekuphelile, ungaqala ukuhamba nokugijima futhi. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzonquma ukuthi ungaqala nini ukuphakamisa izinsimbi nokudlala imidlalo yokuncintisana futhi.

Izingane zesikole kufanele zikwazi ukubuyela esikoleni zingakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-`(Pectus Excavatum)`.

Iyini inhloso ye (Pectus Excavatum)?

Zombili izinqubo ze-Nuss neze-Ravitch zinemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ngemva kokululama, abantu ngokuvamile bayaneliseka ngendlela abazizwa ngayo nendlela ababukeka ngayo. Izinga lokuphindeka lingaphansi kuka-1% kuzo zombili izinqubo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Kulabo abangelashwanga `(Pectus Excavatum)`, izimpawu zomzimba nezengqondo ziyingxenye yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Nakuba abanye bangase bathi, "Kuyinkinga nje yobuhle," bangase bangaqapheli ukuthi uzizwa kanjani. Thola udokotela oqonda izimpawu zakho futhi ongakusiza ukuthi uzilawule.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela wakho kuzobasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa nini (noma ukuthi isimo sakho sibi ngokwanele yini ukuthi sidinge ukuhlinzwa). Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngesikhathi esijwayelekile uze ululame ngokugcwele.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho mayelana `(i-Pectus Excavatum)`:

• " Ungangithumela kumeluleki ongangisiza ngokucindezeleka kwengqondo engibhekene nakho ngenxa yalesi simo?"
• " Ingabe likhona iqembu lokusekela abantu abane-`(Pectus Excavatum)`?"
• " Ungangincoma ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yesimo sami?"
• " Ngineminyaka emingaki okufanele ngihlinzwe?"

Ingabe (i-Pectus Excavatum) iba yimbi kakhulu njengoba iminyaka ikhula?

Izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yenqubo evamile yokuguga. Futhi, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuvala imingcele ebekwe enhliziyweni nasemaphashini akho yiPectus Excavatum njengoba ukhula.

Uma ngingahlinzwa, ingabe (i-Pectus Excavatum) izolimaza inhliziyo namaphaphu ami, noma izonciphisa isikhathi sami sokuphila?

Akukho bufakazi bokuthi i-Pectus Excavatum inciphisa isikhathi sokuphila noma ilimaze inhliziyo namaphaphu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu uma ungahlinzwanga.

Abesifazane abane-`(Pectus Excavatum)` bangaba nokukhulelwa okuvamile futhi bazale umntwana.

Uma ngine (iPectus Excavatum) futhi ngidinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, ingabe zombili lezi zinqubo zingenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa?

Yebo. Odokotela abahlinzayo benze ukuhlinzwa kokulungiswa kwePectus Excavatum kanye nokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okube nemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Lokhu kudinga ukubambisana okuhle phakathi kodokotela abahlinzayo abenza zombili lezi zinqubo.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

I-Pectus Excavatum, isimo lapho ithambo lesifuba likhula ngendlela engajwayelekile, singaba yisifo esicindezelayo ngenxa yezimpawu zaso zomzimba nezengqondo. Khuluma ngokwakho futhi uthole usizo oludingayo ngezimpawu zakho. Ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela bakho ngesimo sakho. Bakhona ukukusiza, njengoba nje besize abanye ngaphambi kwakho. Uma ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela efanele kuwe, buza imibuzo ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olukulungele. Khumbula, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalesi simo, futhi ungaphila impilo enempilo nesebenzayo!

Ukukhishwa kwe - Pectus, isifuba esicwile, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba, inqubo yempumulo, inqubo ye-Ravitch, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba, i-sternum, isimo sokuzalwa, isifuba esicwile