Uketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo? Ake sixoxe nge-Pericardial Effusion!

Wake wazizwa ukuqina okungajwayelekile esifubeni sakho, ubunzima bokuphefumula? Noma mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi kukhona into efana noketshezi oluqongelela enhliziyweni yakho. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Lokhu kubizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi `(Pericardial Effusion)`. Ungesabi, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kusho ukuthini lokhu kugcwala koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo? (Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni)?

Kalula nje, `(Pericardial Effusion)` ukuqongelela koketshezi esikhwameni esincane esizungeze inhliziyo yakho, esibizwa ngokuthi `i-pericardium` . Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengento eyigugu enesikhwama esincane esizungezile ukuze siyivikele. Yilapho uketshezi lunganqwabelana khona. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi simo singabangelwa ukutheleleka, ukulimala, noma ezinye izifo.

Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kwakheka koketshezi kuba kukhulu kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa , noma ngokushesha kakhulu , kungabangela inhliziyo ukuba ishaye ngokushesha. Kuleso simo, kungaba yisimo esisongela ukuphila esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo .

Manje bheka, njengoba lolu ketshezi luqoqana kancane kancane, isikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo, i-pericardium, siyakhula kancane kancane futhi senze indawo yoketshezi olwengeziwe. Kodwa uma uketshezi lugcwala konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, isikhwama asinaso isikhathi sokukhula nokukhula. Kwenzekani-ke? Uketshezi lubeka ingcindezi enkulu enhliziyweni. Amakamelo enhliziyo agcwala igazi futhi awanaso isikhathi sokukhula. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani legazi elimpontshelwa yinhliziyo liyancipha. Bese ezinye izitho zomzimba azitholi igazi ezilidingayo.

Ukubeka lokhu ngendlela elula, cabanga ukuthi ufutha ibhaluni ngaphakathi kwebhodlela lepulasitiki. Lapha, inhliziyo yakho iyibhaluni, kanti ibhodlela liyi-pericardium. Uma ibhodlela lingenalutho, kunendawo eyanele yokuba ibhaluni lifutha, akunjalo? Kodwa uma uqala ukugcwalisa ibhodlela ngamanzi, isikhala esitholakalayo sokuba ibhaluni lifutha siyancipha. Uma uqhubeka nokugcwalisa ibhodlela ngamanzi, ekugcineni ibhaluni ngeke likwazi ukufutha nhlobo. Yilokho okwenzeka ku-`(Pericardial Effusion)`.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni empeleni kuyisimo esivamile. Kungenzeka kunoma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala nesizinda, njengoba kunezimbangela eziningi.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Enye yezinkinga eziyingozi kakhulu zokuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni yi -cardiac tamponade . Ngokuvamile, kuba nongqimba oluncane loketshezi phakathi kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-pericardium nenhliziyo. Njengoba nje sibeka i-bubble wrap ezungeze into ebuthakathaka ebhokisini, lolu ngqimba loketshezi lunikeza umphumela wokuthambisa inhliziyo.

Kodwa esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Cardiac Tamponade", lolo ketshezi luqoqana kakhulu, luvimbele inhliziyo ukuthi igcwale igazi futhi isebenze kahle. Uma lokhu kungelashwa ngokushesha, inhliziyo ingayeka futhi ibangele nokufa zingakapheli amahora ambalwa.

Kodwa `(Cardiac Tamponade)` akuyona yodwa inkinga yalokhu. Lapho inani legazi elimpontshelwa yinhliziyo lehla, inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngokushesha ukuze ibuyisele ukulahlekelwa. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokushesha kangaka. Khona-ke isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `Cardiogenic Shock` singavela. Nalokhu kungaba yingozi uma kungelashwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Uma unenani elincane lokwakheka koketshezi, ungase ungaziboni izimpawu. Izimpawu zivame ukwenzeka uma ukwakheka koketshezi kwenzeka ngokushesha, uma inani loketshezi likhulu kakhulu, noma uma uba nesimo esikhulume ngaso ngaphambilini, ``Cardiac Tamponade''. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ngezinye izikhathi bubizwa ngokuthi "i-Dyspnea")
• Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ubuhlungu besifuba (ukushaya kwenhliziyo)
• Ukucasuka noma isiyezi
• Ukuquleka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (`(Syncope)`)
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala)
• Ukungaphumuli, ukudideka, noma izinguquko zokuziphatha (lokhu kubangelwa ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni)
• I-Cyanosis ( ukushintsha kombala wezindebe noma ngaphansi kwezinzipho okubangelwa umoya-mpilo ophansi egazini)

Uma inani lalolu ketshezi liphezulu kakhulu, lingacindezela izicubu noma imizwa ezungezile, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubunzima bokugwinya (`(Dysphagia)`)
• Ama-Hiccups
• Ukukhwehlela noma ukushoshozela

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Emazweni athuthukile, isikhathi esiningi, imbangela eqondile ye-Pericardial Effusion ayitholakali. Kodwa-ke, emazweni asathuthuka, ikakhulukazi ezweni elifana neSri Lanka, i-Tuberculosis iyimbangela enkulu yalokhu.

Kunezimbangela eziningi ze-`(Pericardial Effusion)`. Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka ngokuvuvukala kwenhliziyo, okungukuthi, ngesimo se -`Pericarditis` .

Ezinye izizathu zingabizwa ngokuthi:

• Ukutheleleka: Kungabangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane (isibonelo, i-HIV nesifo sofuba), isikhunta, noma amagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni ngokwako akuthelelani.
• Umdlavuza: Izimila ezakha enhliziyweni noma emaseli omdlavuza asakazeka evela kwenye indawo emzimbeni zingalimaza ulwelwesi lwenhliziyo.
• Izifo zesimiso somzimba noma izimo zokuvuvukala: Isibonelo, izifo ezifana ne-`(Lupus)`, `(Rheumatoid Arthritis)` noma `(Sjögren's syndrome)`.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nama-hormone: Isibonelo `(Hypothyroidism)` (indlala yegilo ayikhiqizi i-hormone yegilo eyanele).
• Ukulimala: Ukulimala esifubeni, ukushaywa kanzima njengasezingozini zezimoto, ukugwazwa, kanye namanxeba okudutshulwa.
• Izifo zenhliziyo noma izinkinga zesistimu yokujikeleza kwegazi: ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo se-valve yenhliziyo, ukuhlukana noma ukudabuka kwezingqimba ze-aorta (i-Aortic Dissection).
• Izimbangela zezokwelapha: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza, noma njengomphumela ongemuhle wemithi ethile.
• Okunye: Lokhu kungenzeka nasezimweni ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, ukwehluleka kwezinso, noma isifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma unezimpawu, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi unayo yini i-Pericardial Effusion ngemuva kokubuyekeza izimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba.

Uma ungenazo izimpawu, zivame ukutholakala ngengozi. Isibonelo, zingatholakala ku-X-ray yesifuba eyenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Uma udokotela esola isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Pericardial Effusion," angenza izivivinyo eziningana, okuhlanganisa:

• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Buka umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:
• I-Echocardiogram: Lesi isivivinyo esiyinhloko nesibaluleke kakhulu sokuthola lesi simo. Kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-CT scan yesifuba.
• I-MRI yenhliziyo.

Uma sekutholakale ukuthi kukhona ukukhishwa kwegazi okuphumayo enhliziyweni, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale imbangela. Isibonelo:

• Inani Eliphelele Legazi (`CBC`).
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Troponin.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-peptide ye-natriuretic yohlobo lwe-B.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-hormone evuselela i-thyroid.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yomzimba (ukubheka izifo noma izimo zokuvuvukala kwesistimu yomzimba).

Ngezinye izikhathi, uketshezi olukhishwe ku-pericardium lungahlolwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela yalesi simo.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa okutholayo kuzoncika ekutheni isimo sakho sibucayi kangakanani nokuthi siyini imbangela.

• Uma izinga loketshezi liphansi, kodwa kungekho zimpawu: Uma izinga loketshezi lincipha noma lihlala linjalo, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqapha izinga loketshezi futhi elaphe kuphela uma kuvela izimpawu noma kunezimpawu zenye inkinga.
• Uma uketshezi lukhula ngokushesha, uma kunezimpawu, noma uma kungenxa yesizathu esibi (ikakhulukazi ukulimala noma umdlavuza), ungadinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Uma i-`(Pericardial Effusion)` inkulu, ingabangela i-`(Cardiac Tamponade)`, okuyisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo . Ezimweni ezinjalo, uketshezi ngeke luphele ngokwalo ngaphandle kokususwa. Lokhu okulandelayo ukwelashwa okungenziwa:

• I-Pericardiocentesis: Ngemva kokufaka izinzwa endaweni ethile yesifuba, ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bokuthwebula izithombe njenge-echocardiography noma i-fluoroscopy, udokotela ufaka inaliti ku-pericardium. Uketshezi oluthe xaxa luyakhishwa. Ipayipi elincane lingashiywa endaweni yalo izinsuku eziningana kuze kube yilapho lonke uketshezi seluphelile.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokususa uketshezi oluningi ku-pericardium. Lokhu kungaba inqubo ephuthumayo, noma kungaba inqubo ehleliwe (lapho ukwakheka koketshezi kuyizimpawu kodwa kukhula kancane kancane futhi kungabi yingozi). Inqubo evamile yalokhu ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba okusizwa ngevidiyo (i-VATS) . Lokhu kuhilela ukudala "ifasitela" ku-pericardium ("ifasitela le-pericardial"), elivumela uketshezi ukuthi lungene emgodini omkhulu ozungeze amaphaphu ("i-pleural cavity") ngaphandle kokugcwalisa isikhala se-pericardial.

Ezimweni lapho ukwelashwa okungenhla kungadingeki futhi kungeyona ingozi, udokotela angakwazi ukukuphatha ngemithi noma okunye ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela eyinhloko. Ezinye izibonelo:

• Ama-antibiotic okwelapha izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba.
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala inciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
• Kunconywa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kulabo abane-pericardial effusion ngenxa yomdlavuza.
• Ama-diuretics kanye neminye imithi yalabo abaye bahlaselwa ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga zokwelashwa?

Imiphumela emibi engase ivele ngokwelashwa kwe-`(Pericardial Effusion)` incike ekwelashweni noma emithini oyitholayo. Udokotela wakho angakuchazela kangcono imiphumela emibi engaba khona yemithi oyiphuzayo.

Enye inkinga engaba khona yi -pericardial decompression syndrome . Lokhu kungenzeka uma uhlinzwa noma inqubo yokwelapha i-pericardial effusion. Nakuba kungavamile, kuyisimo esibi nesisongela ukuphila. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka uma inani elikhulu loketshezi likhishwa ngokushesha kakhulu. Ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu, udokotela wakho angasusa uketshezi kancane kancane.

Ngizolulama ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze ululame futhi ululame sincike kulezi zici:

• Isizathu sokuqongelela koketshezi.
• Ubunzima bokuqongelela koketshezi.
• Ukwelashwa okutholile.
• Impilo yakho iyonke nokuthi unazo yini ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene.

Uma unezimpawu ze-`(Cardiac Tamponade)`, kufanele uqale ukuzizwa ungcono njengoba uketshezi lususwa futhi ingcindezi enhliziyweni yakho yehla. Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho angakunikeza umbono omuhle wokuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama nokuthi kufanele uqale nini ukuzizwa ungcono.

Ingabe i-Pericardial Effusion ingavinjelwa?

Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni kuyisimo esingalindelekile, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukusivimbela. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ingozi yakho ngokugwema izimo ezingase zibangele lokhu. Isibonelo:

• Ukushiya ukutheleleka kungelashwa isikhathi eside kakhulu.
• Ukuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo noma emisebenzini yangaphandle enobungozi obukhulu bokulimala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-Pericardial Effusion?

Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni ngokuvamile kuyisimo esibucayi. Kodwa akusiyo njalo isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Ukuthi kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila noma cha kuncike embangela, inani loketshezi, kanye nesivinini uketshezi olugcwalisa ngaso i-pericardium.

Uma uketshezi luqoqana ngokushesha, kuba noketshezi oluncane olubangela isimo esiyingozi njenge-`(Cardiac Tamponade)`. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-pericardium ayinaso isikhathi sokwenza isikhala soketshezi olwengeziwe. Uma i-`(Pericardial Effusion)` ikhula kancane, kungathatha amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga ukuba yinkinga.

Esinye isici esinquma ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni kuyinto embi kakhulu ukuthi kungani kwenzeke kwasekuqaleni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubangelwa ukulimala, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi (noma esinye isizathu esingabangela uketshezi ukwakheka ngokushesha), kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga eziyingozi njenge-cardiac tamponade.

I-Pericardial Effusion ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ?

Ukuqoqwa okukhulu koketshezi kanye nokuqoqwa koketshezi okwanda ngokushesha kuyizifo ezibucayi ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphuthumayo, akufanele zihlale isikhathi eside kunalokho okufanele zibonwe futhi ziphathwe.

Ukuqongelelana koketshezi okungapheli, ikakhulukazi okuncane, okungenazimpawu, kungahlala amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka. Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ukuze ahlole inani loketshezi nokuthi ngabe luyingozi yini empilweni yakho.

Umbono Wokuphuma Kwegazi Enhliziyweni

Odokotela bavame ukwelapha ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuye ngokuthi kukhulu kangakanani nokuthi yini ekubange, kungaze kwelapheke.

Ngokuvamile, ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni ngenxa yesizathu esingaziwa kunesimo esihle sokubikezela. Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni okubangelwa ukulimala noma umdlavuza kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangele izinkinga futhi ngokuvamile kunzima kakhulu ukukwelapha. Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni okuhlobene nomdlavuza noma i-HIV/AIDS kunesilinganiso esiphansi sokusinda.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-Pericardial Effusion, kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu noma izinguquko empilweni yakho iyonke. Kubalulekile futhi ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuphuza imithi nokulawula isikhathi sakho sokululama.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uma kudingeka, udokotela wakho uzohlela ukuvakasha okulandelayo ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho. Uzokunikeza nemiyalelo yokuthi ungaphatha kanjani izimpawu zakho nokuthi kufanele ushayele nini ihhovisi lakhe.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Lezi zingaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Cardiac Tamponade":

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula ngokushesha.
• Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ukuphaphatheka, ubumpunga, noma ubuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Isiyezi, i-vertigo noma i-vertigo .
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Isilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo esingaphezu kwama-beats ayi-100 ngomzuzu lapho uphumule (i-Tachycardia).

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Iyini imbangela ye-`(Pericardial Effusion)` yami?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Iyini amathuba okuthi i-pericardial effusion iphinde ivele?
• Iyini iphrojekthi yami?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Pericardial Effusion)` kanye ne-`(Pleural Effusion)`?

Ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni kufana nokuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo, kodwa kwenzeka engxenyeni ehlukile yesifuba. Umgodi we-pleural yisikhwama esizungeze amaphaphu akho. Ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo kuwukuqongelela koketshezi kuleso sikhala. Ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni yenhliziyo kungabangela ukuthi amaphaphu akho angakhuli kahle, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, lapho isifuba sakho sibuhlungu, ufuna nje impumuzo. Ungase ungazi nokuthi kungani une-pericardial effusion, isikhwama esigcwele uketshezi esizungeze inhliziyo yakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, kufanele uzizwe ungcono ngemva kokwelashwa. Unganqikazi ukubuza udokotela wakho nganoma yini ongayiqondi kahle.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni kuwukuqongelela koketshezi ngaphakathi kwesikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo yakho esibizwa ngokuthi i-pericardium. Kungaba yinto encane, noma kungaba yisimo esibucayi esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

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Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuquleka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

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Izinketho zokwelapha zincike embangela kanye nobunzima besimo. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele. Ungakhathazeki, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Ukuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni , uketshezi olugcwalisa i-pericardium, amanzi enhliziyweni, i-Cardiac Tamponade, Ubuhlungu besifuba, Ubunzima bokuphefumula, Isifo senhliziyo