Kuyini i-Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS)? Ake sifunde ngokuhlolwa kwakho kwe-blood smear ngendlela elula!

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesifo somkhuhlane noma esinye isifo, udokotela wakho uvame ukukucela ukuthi uhlole igazi, akunjalo? Ngokuvamile senza ukubala igazi okuphelele (i-FBC). Lokhu kunikeza umbono omuhle wenani lamaseli egazini lakho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase afune ukubheka amaseli akho egazi eduze, njengomseshi ngaphansi kwe-microscope, ukuze abone kahle ukuthi isimo, usayizi, nombala walawo maseli unjani. Yingakho sibiza ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwalokho ngokuthi i-Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) noma "ukuhlolwa kwefilimu yegazi."

Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwefilimu yegazi (i-PBS)?

I-Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) ukuhlolwa okuhilela ukuthatha ithonsi legazi lakho, ukulisakaza njengefilimu encane ku-slide yengilazi, ukulidaya usebenzisa amadayi akhethekile, bese ulibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Into ekhethekile ngalokhu ukuthi esikhundleni somshini onikeza umbiko njengokuhlolwa kwegazi okuthile, lo uhlolwa yi-Medical Laboratory Technologist eqeqeshiwe (i-MLT) noma i-Pathologist. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke imininingwane emincane yamaseli akho egazi ihlolwa ngeso lomuntu . Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kanye nezimo ezingavamile zamaseli umshini ongakwazi ukuzibona zingabonakala kalula ngeso elinolwazi.

Kungani udokotela angakutshela ukuthi wenze lolu vivinyo lwe-PBS?

Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ungase ufune ukwenza lolu vivinyo.

Cabanga ukuthi umbiko wakho wokubala igazi okuphelele (i-FBC) ukhombisa ukuthi inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, noma ama-platelet liphansi kakhulu noma liphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukwazi ukuthi, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?"

Futhi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa ngezizathu eziningana:

• Izimpawu ezingachazeki: Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo, umkhuhlane ovamile, kanye nemivimbo engachazeki, lolu vivinyo lungakusiza ukuthola imbangela.
• Hlola impumelelo yokwelashwa: Uma welashwa isifo esihlobene negazi, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele yini nokuthi amaseli akho egazi abuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
• Ngaphambi kokufakelwa umnkantsha:Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukufunda kabanzi ngesimo samaseli akho egazi kanye nomnkantsha ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe into efana nokufakelwa iseli le-stem.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasitshelani ngegazi lethu?

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS kubhekani, ake siqale ngokuzikhumbuza abalingiswa abathathu abayinhloko egazini lethu.

Ekuhlolweni kwe-PBS, i-microscope ihlola zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli ngokuningiliziwe. Zigxila kakhulu ku:

• Izinguquko ngobukhulu kanye nokuma kwamaseli: Isibonelo, ukuma kwamaseli abomvu egazi kungashintshwa, njengokuthi ngabe amise okwesikela noma amise okwethagethi. Lezi zinguquko zinganikeza izinkomba mayelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene zegazi.
• Izinguquko ekubalweni kwamaseli: Njengoba kunjalo nge-FBC, lokhu kubheka nenani lamaseli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubheka ukuthi amaseli abukeka "ephilile" noma "engajwayelekile".
• Umehluko ezinhlotsheni zamaseli amhlophe egazi: Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zamaseli amhlophe egazi. Usayizi wohlobo ngalunye uhlolwa ngokuqondile, ukuthi kukhona yini ukuphazamiseka ekubukekeni kwawo, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini amaseli angavuthiwe (ukuqhuma).
• Izimuncagazi egazini:Ngezinye izikhathi, izimuncagazi ezibangela izifo ezifana nomalaleveva zingabonakala ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuxilonga umalaleveva.

Yiziphi izifo ezingasiza ekutholeni ukuhlolwa kwe-PBS?

Lolu vivinyo luyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu elisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo eziningi ezihlobene negazi.

I-Leukemia - Umdlavuza wegazi

Umnkantsha wethu 'uyifektri yethu yokwenza igazi'. Lapho inani elikhulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi angajwayelekile eqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi kwale fektri, acindezela amaseli anempilo. Lawa maseli omdlavuza angajwayelekile, angavuthiwe (ukuqhuma) angabonakala ngokucacile esivivinyweni se-PBS.

I-anemia

I-anemia yilapho umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo eyanele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningi. Ezimweni ezifana nokuntuleka kwensimbi, ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12, noma i-thalassemia, ukuma nobukhulu bamangqamuzana abomvu egazi kuyashintsha. Lezi zinguquko zingabonakala kalula nge-PBS futhi zinganikeza isiqondiso ekutholeni imbangela ye-anemia.

Isifo se-Myelodysplastic

Lokhu futhi kungumdlavuza womongo wamathambo. Kulesi simo, umongo awukwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi aphilile, avuthiwe (abomvu, amhlophe, noma ama-platelet). Lawa maseli anomumo ongavamile, angakhekile kahle abonakala ku-PBS.

I-Lymphoma - umdlavuza wama-lymph node

Lona umdlavuza okhula ohlelweni lwethu lwe-lymphatic. Ngezinye izikhathi lawa maseli omdlavuza angangena egazini. Uma lokho kwenzeka, lawo maseli e-lymphoma angajwayelekile angabonakala ngokuhlolwa kwe-PBS.

Ukutheleleka kanye nezifo ezizenzakalelayo

Uma kukhona okuthile emzimbeni okufana nokutheleleka ngamagciwane, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi (ama-neutrophils) elilwa nalo luyanda, futhi ungabona izinguquko ekubukekeni kwalo (izinguquko ezinobuthi). Ngokufanayo, ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-dengue, ungabona izinguquko kwezinye izinhlobo zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ama-lymphocyte). Ezifweni ezibangelwa amasosha omzimba (izifo lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luhlasela khona imizimba yethu), ungabona nokwehla kwenani lamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi noma ezinye izinguquko.

Umalaleveva

Umalaleveva ubangelwa yi-parasite engena egazini lethu isuka kumiyane. Le parasite ihlala ngaphakathi kwamaseli ethu abomvu egazi. Uma ibhekwa nge-microscope ekuhlolweni kwe-PBS, lawa ma-parasite angabonakala ngokucacile ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuwukuhlolwa okubalulekile ekuxilongweni komalaleveva.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa kanjani? Ingabe kubuhlungu?

Akukho okufanele ukwesabe ngalokhu. Kulula kakhulu.

1. Njengokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, isampula yegazi elincane lithathwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.

2. Bese kuba neconsi legazi elibekwa kuslayidi yengilazi, bese kusetshenziswa elinye islayidi ukulisakaza njengefilimu encane.

3. Ngemva kokuba yomile, ifakwa imibala ekhethekile bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Uzozwa ukugwazwa okuncane nje enalitini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, akukho okunye ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu obuhambisana nalokhu kuhlolwa.

Yini okufanele siyiqonde ngolwazi olusembikweni?

Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma uthola umbiko wakho we-PBS, ungakhathazeki ngamagama akuwo. Umbiko we-Peripheral Blood Smear awuyona into yokugcina oyixilongayo.

Umbiko we-PBS usiza udokotela ukuthi acabange kabanzi, aqinisekise izinsolo zakhe, noma anqume ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele azenze ngokulandelayo.

Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukubheka amagama asembikweni ku-Google bese ubona ukuthi kuvela ini . Igama elifanayo lingaba nezincazelo ezahlukene ezifweni eziningi. Udokotela okwelaphayo kuphela owaziyo ukuthi lifanelana kanjani nesimo sakho. Ngakho-ke thatha umbiko, uhlangane nodokotela wakho nixoxe ngawo. Uzokuchazela konke ngokucacile nangokulula.