Wake waphawula into efana ne-blister encane noma inxeba elincane esikhumbeni sakho elikhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi? Lingase libe mhlophe noma libe namaqhubu. Yilokhu esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla, i-basal cell carcinoma, noma
i-Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) . Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivame ukwelashwa. Ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe.
Ayini Amaseli Ayisisekelo?
Kalula nje, amangqamuzana ayisisekelo angamaseli amancane atholakala ongqimbeni oluphezulu lwesikhumba sethu, ingxenye yesikhumba esingayibona futhi siyithinte, ngokwezokwelapha ebizwa ngokuthi
i-epidermis . Lawa maseli asiza ekwakheni amangqamuzana amasha esikhumba. Ahlukana futhi enze amangqamuzana amaningi afana nawo. Njengoba kwakhiwa amangqamuzana amasha, amangqamuzana amadala ayasunduzwa phezulu, afe, futhi akhishwe emizimbeni yethu. Lena inqubo evamile.
Ngakho-ke iyini i-Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)?
I-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba esikhulume ngalo ngaphambili.
Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngokuvamile luqala njengesiqephu esincane sesikhumba, ngezinye izikhathi esicwebezelayo, esinamaqhubu noma esinamaqhubu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, siya siba sikhulu kakhulu.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:
- Uhlobo lwe-nodular: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-BCC . Lubukeka njenge-pimple eyindilinga. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nemithambo yegazi emincane ebonakala kahle nxazonke. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi ``i-Telangiectasias``.
- Uhlobo lokusabalala okungaphandle: Kulolu hlobo, kuvela amabala ebusweni besikhumba. Anombala okhanyayo kancane kunombala wesikhumba ojwayelekile futhi awajulile. Angavela ikakhulukazi esiqwini, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni.
- Uhlobo lwe-Sclerosing (noma i-Morpheaform): Lawa mabala anomdlavuza abukeka njengezibazi. Kodwa-ke, lawa mabala ayakhula abe makhudlwana. Lolu hlobo luvame ukubonakala ebusweni. Ngezinye izikhathi lungaqala njengebala elincane elibomvu esikhumbeni.
- Uhlobo olunombala: Lolu uhlobo olungavamile . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho indawo ethile yesikhumba iba mnyama kunesikhumba esizungezile, okubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperpigmentation .
Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola i-basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
I-basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
ingakhula kunoma ubani . Kodwa-ke, ivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50. Ivame kakhulu
nakubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo namehlo akhanyayo.Ingozi yokuthola lesi simo iphezulu. Umuntu oke waba ne-BCC naye usengozini enkulu yokuthola olunye uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba (umdlavuza wesikhumba ongeyona i-melanoma) esikhathini esizayo.
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?
I-basal cell carcinoma
uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu, futhi uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluvame kakhulu . Ezweni elifana neMelika, kuthiwa inani lamacala amasha abikiwe minyaka yonke lingaphezu kwezigidi ezine. Lesi simo singabonakala kakhulu ezweni lethu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-basal cell carcinoma?
Hlola ukuthi isikhumba sakho sinazo yini lezi zinguquko:
- Amaqhubu esikhumba, amaqhubu , amaqhubu , izilonda eziqhekekayo, noma amabala .
- Leli qhubu lingase likhanye kancane . Kungase futhi kube umbala ofana nombala wesikhumba sakho ojwayelekile, noma kungaba mhlophe, opinki, onsundu, omnyama, noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Iqhubu lingase likhanye kancane kunesikhumba esizungezile, futhi imithambo yegazi emincane ingase ibonakale .
- Leli qhubu lingase likhule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi .
- Ungase uzizwe ukulunywa noma ubuhlungu endaweni lapho kuqhume khona.
- Iqhubu lingaba isilonda, liphume uketshezi olucacile noma liphume igazi uma lithintekile .
Zikuphi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu?
I-basal cell carcinomas ivame ukuvela
ezindaweni zomzimba ezivezwe yilanga . Izindawo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ubuso
- Ukhakhayi (lwalabo abangenazinwele emakhanda abo)
- Impumulo
- Amaconsi eso
- Imilenze
- Izindlebe
- Izandla
Yini ebangela i-basal cell carcinoma?
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi
i-DNA emaselini ethu iyashintsha . Lolu shintsho luvame ukwenzeka lapho isikhumba sethu sichayeka
emisebeni eminingi ye-UV evela elangeni noma emisebeni ye-UV yokwenziwa evela emibhedeni yokushiswa kwesikhumba . Cabanga ngakho njengezakhi zofuzo zethu zifana nencwadi yemiyalelo ye-DNA yomzimba wethu. Le miyalelo yiyo eyenza amangqamuzana amasha akhule. Njengoba nje uma ungena ekamelweni, uvula ukukhanya, futhi amangqamuzana ayisisekelo enza amangqamuzana amasha uma kudingeka. Uma uphuma ekamelweni, ucima ukukhanya, futhi uma ungasawadingi, ayayeka ukwenza amangqamuzana amasha. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona ushintsho ezizakhini zofuzo,
kunjengokungathi inkinobho yokukhanya ayikwazi ukuvalwa . Khona-ke amangqamuzana ayisisekelo aqhubeka nokwenza amangqamuzana amasha ngokungadingekile. Yile ndlela
amathumba noma izilonda ezakheka ngayo esikhumbeni . Akuvamile kakhulu,
I-Basal cell nevus syndrome, noma i-Gorlin syndrome, yisimo esizuzwa njengefa esingabangela i-BCC ebuntwaneni. Ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Kuye ngokubonakala kwe-mole yakho, udokotela angase asole ngokushesha ukuthi yi-basal cell carcinoma. Kodwa-ke, ukuze aqiniseke, udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi akubuze imibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zakho:- Ulibone nini leli qhubu/ibala esikhumbeni sakho?
- Ingabe usayizi walokhu ushintshile?
- Ingabe manje ibukeka ihlukile kunangesikhathi uyibuka okokuqala?
- Ingabe lokhu kuyabuhlungu noma kuyaluma?
- Wake waba nomdlavuza wesikhumba ngaphambili?
Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa oluqinisekisa lokhu?
Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela angenza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuqinisekisa okwengeziwe:- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba: Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yesikhumba endaweni esolisayo bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza .
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi i-basal cell carcinoma isabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela esola ukuthi ikhona, angayala i -MRI scan noma i-CT scan ukuze abone ukuthi ingabe isabalale yini kuma-lymph node noma ezithweni zangaphakathi.
Udokotela uzosebenzisa imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ukuze anqume isigaba sesifo sakho. Lokhu kuzofaka:- Ubukhulu be-mole/isimila nokuthi sisakazeke kangakanani ezicutshini ezingaphansi kwesikhumba.
- Ingabe kukhona izimpawu zomdlavuza kuma-lymph node.
- Ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini (ususabalale) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
- Usayizi, ukuma, indawo ye-mole, kanye nesivinini sokukhula kwayo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
I-basal cell carcinoma yelashwa ngokususwa komdlavuza emzimbeni . Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ngayo:- Ukususwa kwe-electrode kanye ne-curettage: Lokhu kuhilela ukukhuhla iqhubu elinomdlavuza ngethuluzi elikhethekile (i-curette) bese ushisa indawo ngedivayisi kagesi.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ukususwa kwesigaxa noma ibala elinomdlavuza nge-scalpel. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezibizwa ngokuthi i-excision noma i-Mohs surgery .
- Ukwelashwa ngokushisa noma ukuhlinzwa ngokushisa: Ukususwa kwesimila esinomdlavuza ngokusiqandisa.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi enamandla yokubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza emzimbeni. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa esikhumbeni njengokhilimu.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Photodynamic (PDT):Indlela ebhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokusebenzisa uketshezi olukhethekile oluzwela ukukhanya esikhumbeni bese uqondisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuso.
- Ukwelashwa nge-laser: Ukusebenzisa imisebe ye-laser (imisebe enamandla aphezulu) esikhundleni se-scalpel ukususa umdlavuza.
Udokotela wakho uzokhetha ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nempilo yakho iyonke, ubudala, indawo yomdlavuza, kanye nosayizi we-BCC. Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?
Uma ungayilaphi i-basal cell carcinoma, umdlavuza wesikhumba ungakhula futhi usakazekele ezicutshini ezijulile ngaphansi kwesikhumba, njengemisipha, amathambo, kanye ne-cartilage . I-BCC ingaba buhlungu, yophe igazi, futhi itheleleke. Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, i-basal cell carcinoma ingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi ibangele imiphumela emibi esongela ukuphila. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuyibona nokuyiphatha kusenesikhathi.
Yimiphi imithi yalokhu?
Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza ususwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngenye indlela. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, uma i-basal cell carcinoma yakho isithuthukile endaweni noma isisakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-metastasized), kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi evunyelwe yi-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA):- I-Vismodegib: Yokusatshalaliswa kwendawo noma okukude (i-BCC).
- I-Sonidegib: Ye-BCC esabalalisiwe.
Le mithi inikezwa abantu abangafanele ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Le mithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi njengokudikiza kwemisipha, ukushintsha kokunambitha, kanye nokuncipha kwezinwele. Kufanele ugweme ukukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha le mithi kanye nezinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokwelashwa. Ingabe kukhona imiphumela emibi evela ekuhlinzweni?
Noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa kushiya isilonda . Ingozi yokopha noma ukutheleleka iphansi, kodwa ikhona. Liyini ithemba ngalesi simo?
Isibikezelo kubantu abatholakale benesifo i-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) sihle kakhulu . Akuvamile ukuthi i-BCC isabalale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi ibangele umonakalo. Kodwa-ke, kunethuba elincane lokuthi i-BCC izobuya ngemva kokuba isusiwe. Uma ubona indawo entsha eduze kwesibazi eselashwe ngaphambilini, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Usinda kanjani kulokhu?
Nakuba i-basal cell carcinoma ingenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, ungenza okulandelayo ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:- Nciphisa ukuchayeka elangeni phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. Yilapho imisebe yelanga inamandla kakhulu khona.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba ngokuphelele.
- Uma ungaphandle noma uhlanganyela emisebenzini efana nokubhukuda, gqoka isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu nsuku zonke. Bese uphinda usifake njalo emahoreni amabili.
- Gqoka izingubo ezenzelwe ukuvikela elangeni (ezine-UPF), izigqoko ezinkulu, kanye nezibuko zelanga.
- Hlola isikhumba sakho okungenani kanye ngenyanga.Hlola amaqhubu noma amabala amasha.
- Bona udokotela wesikhumba kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlole isikhumba sakho.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinkinga noma izinguquko esikhumbeni sakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukuthatha ama-milligram angu-500 e-nicotinamide, uhlobo lwe-vitamin B3, kabili ngosuku, kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba omusha obizwa ngokuthi i-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) kanye ne-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela uma unenkinga yesikhumba engapholi ngokwayo. Uma ubona indawo entsha noma iqhubu esikhumbeni sakho, uma i-mole ekhona ibonakala ikhula, noma uma unesifo sesikhumba esihambisana nobuhlungu noma ukulunywa, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?
Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:- Isifo sami sikusiphi isigaba?
- Ingabe umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?
- Ingabe ngidinga ukubona udokotela wesikhumba?
- Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa okuncomayo?
Lokhu kuhluke kanjani kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba?
I-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) uhlobo oluvamile lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba:- I-Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): Lolu uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba ngemva kwe-basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Lubangelwa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamaseli e-squamous esikhumbeni, okwakha amaqhubu anomdlavuza. Ngokuvamile luvela ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga ekhanda nasentanyeni, esiqwini, nasezinyaweni.
- I-Melanoma: I-Melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluqala emaseli anika isikhumba umbala waso, abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocytes . Nakuba lungavamile njenge-BCC noma i-SCC, luwumdlavuza oyingozi ongasakazeka ngokushesha emzimbeni wonke uma ungaqashelwa futhi welashwe kusenesikhathi.
Kuyini umdlavuza wangaphambi komdlavuza?
I-Actinic keratosis (AK) akuyona umdlavuza wesikhumba. I-AK ukukhula kwamaseli engxenyeni ephezulu yesikhumba (i-epidermis) okubangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside. Lesi simo asisona umdlavuza (okungukuthi , asibi nabungozi ), kodwa ekugcineni singaba umdlavuza wesikhumba (ikakhulukazi i-squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) . I-Actinic keratosis ivame ukubonakala ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga ekhanda nasentanyeni, ngaphezu kwezindlebe, ezindebeni, nasezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uthola iqhubu lomdlavuza esikhumbeni sakho. Kodwa khumbula, i-basal cell carcinoma (BCC) iyisimo esivamile futhi singelashwa ngempumelelo . Ungabuyela empilweni yakho evamile maduze.Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzivikela elangeni futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba. Uma ubona iqhubu elisha, i-blister, noma ibala esikhumbeni sakho , bona udokotela ngokushesha ukuze akuhlole futhi, uma kudingeka, ukwelashwa . Ngemuva kwalokho ungalulama ngokuphelele kulesi simo.
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