Wake wazibuza ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buzwa kanjani ukuthi inkomishi yetiye elishisayo iyashisa uma uliphethe esandleni sakho? Noma ukuthi ungayishukumisa kanjani ingalo yakho noma uhambe noma nini lapho ufuna? Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kukhona 'uhlelo lokuxhumanisa' olumangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) .
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinhlelo zezinzwa eziphakathi nendawo kanye nezinhlelo zezinzwa ezingaphandle?
Kulungile, ake sikuqonde lokhu kalula. Lonke uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Isistimu Yezinzwa Ephakathi (CNS): Lena 'iHhovisi Eliyinhloko' lethu. Lakhiwe ubuchopho bethu nomgogodla kuphela. Zonke izinqumo emzimbeni zenziwa futhi konke kulawulwa kusukela lapha.
2. Uhlelo Lwezinzwa Oluzungezile (PNS): Lolu 'ucingo' noma 'uxhumano lwezintambo' olusuka 'ehhovisi elikhulu' kuwo wonke umzimba. Kalula nje, luhlanganisa yonke imizwa emzimbeni wethu ngaphandle kobuchopho nomgogodla. Igama elithi "uxhumano" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ukuthi "kusukela phakathi nendawo kuya ngaphandle."
Cabanga ukuthi ubuchopho bakho buyi-supercomputer enamandla kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa akusizi ngalutho uma kungekho ikhibhodi, ikhamera, noma imakrofoni yokufaka ulwazi kuleyo khompyutha. Ngokufanayo, i-PNS yethu iyithuluzi eliletha ulwazi ebuchosheni mayelana nomhlaba wangaphandle futhi lisebenzise imiyalo yobuchopho.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngale PNS?
Lolu hlelo luhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ezenza imisebenzi yazo.
- Uhlelo Lomzimba: Lena yingxenye yomzimba elawula izinto esizenzayo ngokuqonda nangokuqonda , njengokuvayizisa izingalo zethu, ukuhamba, noma ukuphendula incwadi.
- Uhlelo Lokuzimela: Lena yingxenye emangalisayo kakhulu. Ilawula izinto ezenzeka kithi ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele . Asicabangi ngisho nangazo. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, ukugaya ukudla, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
Ndawonye, lezi zinhlelo ezimbili zenza imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko ye-PNS. Ake sibheke ukuthi iyini.
| Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Izinzwa | Kumayelana nokwazisa ubuchopho ngalokho okwenzekayo ezweni elisizungezile. Konke kusukela ekushiseni, emakhazeni, ebuhlungwini, ekuthinteni, njll. kuya ebuchosheni ngalezi zinzwa. Lona umsebenzi wesistimu yomzimba. |
| Ukunyakaza | Kuwukudluliselwa kwemiyalo kusuka ebuchosheni kuya emisipheni esingayilawula ngezingqondo zethu. Yingakho sishukumisa izitho zethu. Lokhu futhi kungumsebenzi wesistimu yomzimba. |
| Izinqubo ezingazi lutho | Ukulawula izinto ezibalulekile empilweni yethu, kodwa esingazicabangi. Izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu nokuphefumula. Lona umsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa esizimele. |
Izinhlobo zemiyalezo yezinzwa
Imizwa yethu ifana nentambo eyakhiwe ngemicu eminingi. Ngaphakathi kwale ntambo kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemicu, noma amangqamuzana emizwa. Amanye awo athwala ulwazi aye ebuchosheni, kanti amanye awo athwala ulwazi oluvela ebuchosheni.
- Izinzwa ezithinta imizwa: Lezi zithwala ulwazi oluvela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba luye ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni , njengezinhloli.
- Izinzwa zemisipha: Lezi zithwala imiyalo esuka ebuchosheni iye ezindaweni ezifana nemisipha. Njengebutho elenza imiyalo.
- Izinzwa ezizilawulayo: Lezi yizinzwa ezilawula imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo yezitho zethu. Zithola imiyalo ebuchosheni futhi ziphinde zithwale ulwazi mayelana nesimo sezitho ziluyise ebuchosheni.
Yenziwe ngani i-PNS?
Uma siqhathanisa uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa nomuthi obheke phansi, ubuchopho buyimpande yomuthi. Umgogodla uyisiqu. Bese i-PNS yingxenye esakazeka isuka esiqwini somuthi, njengamagatsha namahlumela. Lokho kusho ukuthi isakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba.
Lolu hlelo lwakhiwe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli ezinzwa.
1. Ama-Neuron: Lawa amaseli ayinhloko athumela futhi amukele imiyalezo. Anezingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko.
- Umzimba weseli: Ingxenye eyinhloko yeseli.
- I-Axon: Ingxenye ende, efana nengalo esukela emzimbeni weseli. Yilapho kuthunyelwa khona izimpawu zikagesi.
- Ama-dendrite: Izakhiwo ezincane, ezifana namagatsha ezithola izimpawu zamakhemikhali ezivela kwamanye amaseli.
- I-Myelin:Igobolondo elinamafutha. Lokhu kunikeza isembozo esivikelayo esizungeze i-axon. Kufana negobolondo lepulasitiki elisentanjeni ephethe ugesi . Kusiza izimpawu ukuba zihambe ngokushesha nangokuphephile.
2. Amaseli e-Glial: Lawa uhlobo lweseli olusiza, oluvikela, nolugcina ama-neuron. Afana 'nabasizi' bama-neuron.
Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezivamile ezithinta lolu hlelo?
Ngokuvamile sibiza i-peripheral neuropathy uma imithambo yegazi yonakele. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Ezinye zezizathu ezivame kakhulu esizibonayo eSri Lanka zifaka:
- Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2: Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa yisona esivame kakhulu sokulimala kwe-PNS. Uma amazinga kashukela egazini ephezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, silimaza imizwa emincane. Yingakho abantu abanesifo sikashukela bezwa ukungakhululeki nokuqaqamba ezinyaweni nasezandleni zabo.
- Izimo zokuzivikela komzimba: Izimo lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela khona izinzwa zethu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izimo ezifana ne-lupus kanye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome.
- Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane zingalimaza imizwa. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-HIV, isifo se-Lyme, kanye ne-shingles.
- Imithi kanye nokuhlinzwa: Eminye imithi ye-chemotherapy yomdlavuza, eminye imithi elwa namagciwane, kanye nokuhlinzwa kungabangela ukulimala kwemizwa njengomphumela ongemuhle.
- Ubuthi nobuthi: Izinsimbi ezisindayo njenge-mercury kanye ne-lead, kanye namakhemikhali akhishwa ezimbonini angaba ubuthi ezinzwa.
- Ukulimala: Ingozi ingabangela umonakalo ongapheli emithanjeni ngokuyisika, ukuyichoboza, noma ukuyidonsa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulimala kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokucinana kwemizwa. I-Carpal tunnel syndrome iyisibonelo esihle sokucinana kwemizwa esihlakaleni.
- Izimila: Imizwa ingacindezelwa futhi yonakaliswe yizimila, kungaba umdlavuza noma ingozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu zenkinga nge-PNS?
Izimpawu zincike ekutheni uhlobo luni lwenzwa olulimele.
| Uhlobo lwenzwa elonakele | Izici ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Izinzwa Zezinzwa - ezihlobene nokunyakaza | |
| Kuthinta imisipha |
|
| Izinzwa Zemizwa - ezihlobene nokuzizwa | |
| Kuthinta umbono wokuthinta, ubuhlungu, kanye nokushisa |
|
| Izinzwa Ezizimele - zihilelekile emisebenzini ezenzakalelayo | |
| Kuthinta izitho zangaphakathi |
|
Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga efana nale?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela wakho . Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi, uma kudingeka, akuthumelele lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuthola izinto ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, kanye nezinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuqhuba kwemizwa:Ilinganisa isivinini lapho izimpawu zihamba khona ngemizwa.
- I-Electromyogram (EMG): Ihlola umsebenzi kagesi wemisipha.
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI.
- I-biopsy yemizwa: Ngezinye izikhathi kuthathwa ingxenye encane yemizwa bese ihlolwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lezi?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokulimala kwemizwa. Ezimweni eziningi , ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo kunganciphisa umthelela emithanjeni.
- Imithi: Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokubuyisela ukusebenza kwezinzwa.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekuqiniseni imisipha nokwenza ukunyakaza kube lula.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Kungenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe imizwa ecindezelwe noma kuxhunywe kabusha imizwa enqanyuliwe.
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Ukudla nokuzivocavoca kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo esifana nesifo sikashukela.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungazinaki izimpawu. Ikakhulukazi uma kunezinto ezifana nokungazweli noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa ezithweni zomzimba, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uzozilimaza noma uzishise ungaqapheli.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze silondoloze impilo ye-PNS?
Ezimweni eziningi, kungcono ukuvimbela lezi zinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Thola izakhamzimba ezibalulekile zemizwa, ikakhulukazi i-vitamin B12.
- Hlala umatasa futhi ugcine isisindo somzimba esinempilo: Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela.
- Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela: Vimbela ukulimala kwemizwa okubangelwa izingozi emsebenzini noma ngenkathi udlala imidlalo.
- Uma unesifo esingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela, siphathe kahle: Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela izinzwa zakho.
Uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluseceleni luyinethiwekhi emangalisayo esigcina siphila futhi esivumela ukuthi sizizwele umhlaba. Ngakho-ke, kungumthwalo wethu ukuwunakekela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluseceleni (i-PNS) 'luhlelo lokuxhumanisa' oluthwala imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni kuwo wonke umzimba.
- Ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni zomzimba, ukulahlekelwa umuzwa, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma ubuhlungu obungachazeki kungaba izimpawu zenkinga yalesi simiso.
- Imbangela eyinhloko yezinkinga ze-PNS eSri Lanka isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki. Uma unesifo sikashukela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kahle.
- Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki, kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma imbangela isheshe itholakale, kuba lula kakhulu ukwelapha.
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