Uma uya kudokotela, noma esibhedlela, cishe uke wabona udokotela noma umhlengikazi ethatha ithoshi elincane alikhanyise emehlweni akho, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane nje ukubona ukuthi amehlo akho ayabona yini. Kodwa empeleni, lokhu kuhlolwa okulula kungaveza ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yamehlo ethu, kanye nempilo yomzimba wethu wonke, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho. Ake sixoxe ngalolu vivinyo namuhla.
Iyini ngempela i-PERRLA?
Kalula nje, i-PERRLA isifinyezo esisetshenziswa odokotela nochwepheshe bezempilo. Kufana nokufinyeza amagama ethu. Kuyindlela yabo yokuhlola kalula ukuthi abafundi bakho basebenza kahle yini. Ibala elincane elimnyama phakathi kwendandatho emnyama yeso lakho yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi umfundi. Uhlamvu ngalunye egameni elithi PERRLA lumelela okuthile. Ake sibone ukuthi basho ukuthini.
| Incwadi | Incazelo kanye nencazelo |
|---|---|
| Abafundi | Lokhu kumayelana nezimpumputhe zakho. Lezi kufanele zibe phakathi nendawo enombala yeso lakho (iris). |
| Futhi yimuphi? | Amehlo amabili omuntu ophilile kufanele abe nobukhulu obufanayo (obulinganayo) . Uma elinye likhulu kanti elinye lincane, kungaba yinkinga. |
| Isiyingi | Ama-cornea aphilile kufanele abe yindilinga ngokuphelele . Uma engaphilile, lokho nakho kuyindaba yokukhathazeka. |
| Isabela ku- | Lokhu kusho ukuphendula. Uphendula kukuphi? Incwadi elandelayo iyakusho lokho. |
| Ukukhanya | Impendulo ekukhanyeni. Uma udokotela ekhanyisa ithoshi, i-cornea enempilo kufanele inciphe ukuze ilawule inani lokukhanya okungena. Ebumnyameni, kufanele ivuleke ukuze kungene ukukhanya okwengeziwe. |
| Indawo yokuhlala | Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kalula nje, uma ubheka into eseduze nento ekude, ubukhulu babafundi bakho kufanele bushintshe. Uma ubheka into eseduze (isb. umunwe), abafundi baba bancane, futhi uma ubheka into ekude (isb. iwashi odongeni), abafundi baba bakhulu. Lokhu kuhlola ikhono lamehlo akho lokugxila. |
Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-PERRLA?
Lolu luvivinyo olulula kakhulu, olungenabuhlungu. Kungenzeka ukuthi nawe uke wabhekana nalokhu.
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzokuhambisa ekamelweni elimnyama kancane bese ekucela ukuthi uhlale esihlalweni. Bese, bazokwenza izinto ezimbalwa ezifana nalezi:
- Okokuqala, bazomane babheke amehlo akho bese behlola ukuthi usayizi nesimo se-cornea kuyafana yini.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, uzocelwa ukuthi ubheke phambili, bese kusetshenziselwa ithoshi elincane (i-penlight) ukukhanyisa ukukhanya kwelinye iso imizuzwana embalwa, bese kungena kwelinye iso. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlolwa kokukhanya." Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umfundi uyavuleka yini ekukhanyeni.
- Ngesinye isikhathi, ithoshi lishintshwa ngokushesha lisuka kwelinye iso liye kwelinye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kokukhanya okujikayo." Lokhu kunganikeza nolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kwezinzwa.
- Ekugcineni, uzocelwa ukuthi ubheke omunye weminwe yabo noma ipeni. Bese beyisondeza ebusweni bakho, kude, nasemaceleni. Lokhu kuzohlola ukuthi amehlo akho asebenza kahle yini emabangeni aseduze nakude (indawo yokuhlala).
Lonke lolu vivinyo luthatha cishe umzuzu, kodwa ulwazi olunikezayo alunakuqhathaniswa.
Kungani imiphumela yalolu vivinyo ibaluleke kangaka?
Uma imiphumela 'ijwayelekile', kusho ukuthi ama-cornea akho asebenza kahle. Kodwa uma imiphumela 'ingavamile', ingakunikeza izinkomba ngezinto ezahlukahlukene. Kungaba yinto elula njengokudinga izibuko, noma kungaba uphawu lwesixwayiso sesimo esibucayi kakhulu esingaphansi.
Izinkinga ezingase zihlobane namehlo ngokwawo
- I-Anisocoria: Lesi yisimo lapho ubukhulu bamehlo amabili buhlukile. Kwabanye abantu, lesi kungaba yisimo esivamile esikhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, kufanele kuhlolwe.
- Ukulimala kwamehlo: Uma into ishaya iso, ingalimaza imisipha noma imizwa engaphakathi.
- I-Glaucoma: Isifo lapho i-optic nerve yonakala khona ngenxa yokwanda komfutho wamehlo.
- I-optic neuritis: Ukuvuvukala kwenzwa exhumanisa iso nobuchopho.
Izinkinga ezingase zihilele ubuchopho kanye nesimiso sezinzwa
Kukhona ukuxhumana okunamandla kakhulu phakathi kwamehlo ethu nobuchopho bethu, ngakho-ke izinguquko endleleni amehlo ethu asebenza ngayo ngezinye izikhathi zingaba uphawu lwenkinga ebuchosheni.
- Isifo sohlangothi: Ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni.
- Isimila sobuchopho: Ukukhula okungavamile kwamaseli ebuchosheni.
- I-Aneurysm: Umthambo wegazi obuthakathaka ebuchosheni ovuvukala njengebhaluni.
- Ukushaywa yikhanda: Ukulimala ebuchosheni okubangelwa ukushaywa ekhanda .
- Ukuquleka: Ushintsho oluzumayo emsebenzini kagesi wobuchopho.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, umphumela ongavamile ovela ekuhlolweni kwe-PERRLA ungaba yinkomba yokuqala yokuthi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale lesi sifo . Yingakho odokotela beqala ngokubheka amehlo ngethoshi, ngisho nangemva kwengozi.
Isikhathi sokunakekela amehlo akho
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa udokotela, kodwa uma ubona noma yini engavamile emehlweni akho, kufanele ukhathazeke.
- Uma uzibuka esibukweni bese ubona ukuthi amehlo akho amabili awafani.
- Uma umbono wakho ufiphala ngokuzumayo, noma uma ubona izinto ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.
- Uma unekhanda elibuhlungu elingabekezeleleki elihambisana noshintsho embonweni wakho.
- Uma ubona ushintsho embonweni kanye nokuhlanza kanye nesiyezi ngemva kokushayisa ikhanda endaweni ethile.
Kunoma yisiphi isimo esinjalo , bona udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, njengengozi, ungalibali ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-PERRLA iyindlela elula, engenabuhlungu esetshenziswa odokotela ukuhlola impilo yamehlo akho.
- Lolu vivinyo olulula lunganikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile hhayi nje kuphela ngempilo yamehlo, kodwa futhi nangezifo ezingathi sína ezihlobene nobuchopho kanye nesimiso sezinzwa.
- Uma ubona ushintsho oluzumayo embonweni wakho, ushintsho ngobukhulu be-cornea yakho, noma ukulimala ekhanda , bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Njengoba ingozi yokuthola izifo zamehlo ikhula njengoba umuntu ekhula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo , noma ngabe azikho izimpawu.
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