Wake wabamba inja yakho oyithandayo, ikati, noma inyoni isikhathi esithile wabe usuqala ukuklwebha, amehlo abomvu, nokuthimula? Ingabe ikhala lakho liyavaleka futhi uzizwa kunzima ukuphefumula? Uma kunjalo, ungase ube nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Pet Allergy." Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivamile esithinta abantu abaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Ake sixoxe ngaso ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Kuyini ukungezwani komzimba nesilwane esifuywayo?
Kalula nje, ukungezwani komzimba nezilwane ezifuywayo kuwukusabela ngokweqile kwesimiso somzimba wakho sokuzivikela ezifweni ezithile ezivame ukuba yingozi emzimbeni wesilwane sakho. Lawa maprotheni abizwa ngokuthi ama-allergen .
Cabanga ngale ndlela, isimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela sinjengebutho elivikela izwe. Lapho izinto ezimbi (abahlaseli) ezifana namagciwane namabhaktheriya avela ngaphandle zingena emzimbeni, leli butho liyalwa futhi liwabhubhise, lisisindise ezifweni. Kodwa isimiso somzimba somuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba sibucayi kakhulu. "Ibutho" lomzimba wabo libona ngephutha ngisho nezinto ezingenabungozi njenge-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo namathe "njengezihlaseli" ezinkulu. Bese kuqala impi enkulu ngokumelene nayo. Ngenxa yaleyo mpi, siba nezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungezwani komzimba kubangelwa uboya besilwane. Kodwa akulona iqiniso lelo. Imbangela enkulu yizinhlayiya ezincane, eziwumpuphu eziwela esikhumbeni sesilwane . Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-pet dander . Lezi zincane kakhulu ukuba amehlo ethu angaziboni, ngakho zingantanta emoyeni futhi zihlale endlini yonke.
Yiziphi izinto eziyinhloko ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba?
Akuzona izinwele kuphela, kodwa nezinye izinto eziningana ezingabangela lokhu. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Umthombo we-Allergen | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| I-Pet Dander | Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko. Amangqamuzana esikhumba afile akheka esikhumbeni sesilwane, akha izinhlayiya ezincane, eziwumpuphu ezincane kakhulu ukuba zingabonwa ngamehlo enyama. |
| Amathe | Uma isilwane sikhotha umzimba waso, izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ematheni aso zisala eboyeni. Uma lobu boya bomile, izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba zikhishwa emoyeni. |
| Umchamo | Uma amaprotheni asemchameni wezilwane ezincane, ikakhulukazi amagundane nama-hamster, ewoma, angaqongelela emoyeni futhi abangele ukungezwani komzimba. |
| Uboya noma Izimpaphe | Ngisho noma uboya noma izimpaphe zingenawo umuzwa wokungezwani komzimba ngqo, zisebenza njengomthwali wezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ngoba ziqukethe uthuli lwesikhumba namathe okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla. |
Yiziphi izilwane ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba kakhulu?
Nakuba noma yisiphi isilwane esifuywayo singadala ukungezwani komzimba, izinja namakati yizona ezivame kakhulu. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi yizona ezifuywayo ezimbili ezidumile kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ikakhulukazi, izifundo zithole ukuthi amakati anamathuba okubangela ukungezwani komzimba kabili kunezinja.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zilwane, ukungezwani komzimba kungavela nakwezinye izilwane.
- Izinyoni
- Amahhashi
- Onogwaja
- Izilwane ezincane ezifana namagundane, izingulube ze-Guinea, kanye nama-hamster
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-allergy yesilwane sakho? Ziyini izimpawu?
Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezilwane ezifuywayo zingahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu, kanti abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima. Ake sibheke izimpawu ezivame kakhulu.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Indlela ethinta ngayo kanye nezimpawu ezivamile |
|---|---|
| Ngokuphathelene nekhala namehlo | Ukuthimula, ikhala eligobhozayo, ikhala elicijile, ikhala elilumayo, amehlo, nomphimbo, amehlo abomvu, anamanzi. |
| Okuhlobene nesikhumba | Ukuqunjelwa, ukulunywa, kanye nokuba kubi kakhulu kwe-eczema ezindaweni lapho isilwane sithintene khona ngqo nesilwane noma kwenye indawo. |
| Okuhlobene nohlelo lokuphefumula | Ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula. Izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu kubantu abane-asthma. |
Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingase zibonakale njengomkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu kuphela uma useduze nesilwane esifuywayo noma endaweni lapho kunezilwane khona, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi une-allergy yesilwane esifuywayo. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka bese uthola imbangela eqondile.
Ingabe ukungezwani nezilwane ezifuywayo kungabangela ukukhathala?
Yebo, kunjalo impela. Uma unekhala elicijile futhi ukhwehlela njalo ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba, awukwazi ukulala kahle ebusuku. Akuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngosuku olulandelayo uma ungalali kahle ebusuku. Ngakho-ke uma uhlala uzizwa ukhathele, ukungezwani komzimba kungaba yimbangela.
Kungani ngempela sithola lezi zinto zokungezwani komzimba? Kwenzekani emzimbeni?
Lena indaba yesayensi kancane, kodwa masiyigcine ilula. Uma une-allergy yesilwane esifuywayo, lapho umzimba wakho uqala ukuchayeka ku-allergen evela esilwaneni esifuywayo, wenza uhlobo olukhethekile "lwesosha lokuzivikela" ngokumelene nayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Immunoglobulin E (IgE) . Lawa ma-antibodies e-IgE aqondile kakhulu. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-IgE lungabona uhlobo olulodwa oluthile lwe-allergen.
Bese kuthi uma ubuyela kuleso silwane, lawo masosha e-IgE ayenziwe ngaphambilini ahambe ayobamba izinto ezintsha ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezingene emzimbeni. Ayabamba bese ewayisa ngqo kumaseli akhethekile emzimbeni wethu abizwa ngokuthi ama-mast cell . Yilapho inqubo enkulu kakhulu yenzeka khona. Lawa ma-mast cell ayakhuthazwa futhi akhipha amakhemikhali amaningi njenge -histamine .
I-Histamine iyimbangela eyinhloko yokuthi amehlo akho alume, ikhala lakho ligobhoza, isikhumba sakho silume, futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula. Empeleni lokhu kuyindlela yokuzivikela emzimbeni; umzamo wokususa i-allergen ocabanga ukuthi "iyimbangela".
Udokotela angakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyisifo sokungezwani komzimba nesilwane esifuywayo?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, uma ubona udokotela, uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa bese ekuxilonga.
- Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho (umama, ubaba) one-allergies noma i-asthma?
- Uke waba nezinye izimo zokungezwani komzimba ngaphambili?
- Yiziphi izikhathi futhi nini lapho kusondela izinhlobo zezilwane lapho lezi zimpawu zivame ukwenzeka khona?
- Ingabe okwamanje uthatha noma yimiphi imithi yalokhu?
Ngokusekelwe ezimpendulweni zale mibuzo, udokotela angathola umbono ojwayelekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, angenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze aqinisekise lokho.
1. Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlatshwa Kwesikhumba: Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka ithonsi elincane kakhulu lezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni sesandla sakho bese uhlaba isikhumba ngenaliti encane. Uma unesifo sokungezwani komzimba kuleyo allergen, kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15-20 indawo izoba bomvu kancane futhi ivuvuke, njengokungathi ulunywe umiyane.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi (Ukuhlolwa kwe-IgE): Lapha, kuthathwa isampula yegazi kuwe bese kuhlolwa izinga lama-antibodies e-IgE akhiqizwa ngokumelene nezinto ezihlukahlukene ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.
Lezi zivivinyo zingakusiza ukuthola ukuthi yisiphi isilwane onesifo sokungezwani komzimba naso nokuthi sibi kangakanani.
Ukwelashwa nokuphathwa: Uphila kanjani nalokhu?
Akukho ukwelashwa kokungezwani komzimba nezilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa kunezindlela eziningi zokuphatha izimpawu nokuphila ngokunethezeka.
Imithi
Udokotela wakho uzoncoma imithi efanele izimpawu zakho.
- Amaphilisi e-Antihistamine: Lawa asetshenziswa kakhulu. Avimba ukusebenza kwe-histamine, anciphisa ngokushesha izimpawu ezifana nokuthimula, ukulunywa, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo.
- Izifutho zamakhala: Lezi ziwusizo kakhulu ekuminyaneni kwamakhala nezinye izimpawu. Ezinye ziyimithi yokulwa namagciwane, kanti ezinye ziyi-corticosteroids.
- Imijovo Yokungezwani Nomzimba (Immunotherapy): Lesi yisisombululo sesikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba wakho umjovo we-allergen oyinayo, uqale ngenani elincane kakhulu bese ukhulisa kancane kancane umthamo ngezikhathi ezithile . Lokhu kuzosiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ungazweli kakhulu ku-allergen ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kufana nokuqala umzimba wakho ujwayele i-allergen.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungasebenzisi noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Nguye ozonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Ngaphezu kwemithi, izinguquko ezincane ekhaya lakho nasendleleni yakho yokuphila zingakunikeza impumuzo enkulu.
- Dala "izindawo ezingenazo izilwane ezifuywayo": Ungalokothi uvumele isilwane sakho singene ekamelweni lakho lokulala. Njengoba uzoba lapho cishe usuku lonke, kubalulekile ukusigcina singenazo izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Hlanza umoya: Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa isihlanzi somoya esinesihlungi esihle se-HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) . Lokhu kususa izinhlayiya ezincane ze-allergen ezintanta emoyeni.
- Geza futhi uhlanze isilwane sakho njalo:Ukugeza isilwane sakho kahle okungenani kanye ngesonto kungasiza ekunciphiseni inani lezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni saso. Uma kungenzeka, cela umuntu ongenazo izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ukuba enze lokhu.
- Hlanza indlu yakho ngomshini wokuhlanza njalo: Hlanza indlu yakho ngomshini wokuhlanza okungenani kabili ngesonto. Qaphela kakhulu ukuhlanza izinto ezinjengamakhaphethi namasofa. Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukususa amakhaphethi bese usebenzisa amathayela noma phansi kokhuni, njengoba amakhaphethi ephethe izinto eziningi ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ngemva kokuphatha isilwane: Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo ngemva kokuphatha noma ukuphulula isilwane. Ungalokothi uthinte amehlo noma impumulo yakho ngezandla zakho.
Ingabe zikhona ngempela izilwane ezifuywayo ezingenayo i-allergen?
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi izinja namakati agula kancane (njenge-Poodles) awaguliswa yizinja. Kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, imbangela enkulu yokuguliswa yizinja akuwona uboya, kodwa uboya obuthambile namathe. Lezi zinto ziphuma nasezilwaneni eziguliswa izinwele ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, ayikho inja noma ikati elingenawo wonke u-100% wokuguliswa yizinja.
Kodwa-ke, uma une-allergy kodwa usafuna ukuba nesilwane sasekhaya, ungacabanga ngesilwane esingenabo uboya noma izimpaphe. Lezi zilwane cishe azinakubangela i-allergy.
- Inhlanzi
- Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezifana nezimfudu, izinyoka, kanye nezibankwa
- Izilwane eziphila emanzini nasemhlabeni njengezixoxo
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani Nezilwane Ezifuywayo kuyisimo sokungezwani nezilwane ezifuywayo ezitholakala ezilwaneni ezifuywayo, ematheni nasemchameni, hhayi eboyeni bazo.
- Ukuthimula, amehlo nekhala elilumayo, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula yizimpawu eziyinhloko .
- Nakuba lesi simo singelapheki ngokuphelele, singaphathwa ngempumelelo enkulu ngemithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezinqunywe udokotela.
- Ayikho into efana nohlobo lwenja noma lwekati olungenawo u-100% olubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Uma unezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba nezilwane ezifuywayo, ungaziphilisi, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ubonana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.
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