Uma ingane yakho iqala ukudla ukudla okuqinile, uzizwa wesaba kancane ukuyinika izinto ezifana namakinati namaqanda? "O, ingabe izogula, ingabe izogula, ingabe izohlupheka ngokuphefumula?" Ungase ucabange, akunjalo? Lokhu kwesaba kuyinto omama nobaba abaningi abanayo. Eqinisweni, ukungezwani namakinati kuyinto engaba yingozi. Yingakho, isikhathi eside kangaka, sonke sasicabanga ukuthi kufanele silibale ukunikeza izingane ezincane amakinati. Kodwa-ke, manje lo mbono kwisayensi yezokwelapha usushintshe ngokuphelele. Ake sixoxe ngakho namuhla.
Umbono omdala kanye nendlela entsha esicabanga ngayo manje
Sekungamashumi eminyaka odokotela bezifo zokungezwani komzimba nodokotela bezingane bekholelwa ezintweni ezimbili. Okokuqala ukuthi amantongomane kufanele anikezwe izingane sezincane, bekholelwa ukuthi ingozi yokuba nezifo zokungezwani komzimba iphansi. Okwesibili ukuthi uma ingane iba nezifo zokungezwani komzimba, amantongomane kufanele agwenywe ngokuphelele impilo yayo yonke.
Kodwa manje le mibono iyashintsha. Namuhla siyazi ukuthi amantongomane awawona amantongomane, kodwa ayimidumba . Iseluleko sakamuva ukuthi ukwethula amantongomane ezinganeni ngokushesha nje lapho ziqala ukudla okuqinile, okucishe kube yizinyanga ezingu-4-6, kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukungezwani komzimba.
Cabanga ngakho, hhayi njengokudla kokuqala okuqinile kwengane yakho. Ungaxuba i-oatmeal nebhotela lamakinati elincane.
Kodwa lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma ingane yakho isivele inesimo sesikhumba esifana ne-eczema noma okunye ukungezwani nokudla, leyo ngane iwela esigabeni esiyingozi kakhulu . Kufanele nakanjani ulethe amantongomane enganeni enjalo kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wezingane zakho.
Kutholakale nokuthi ngisho nezingane kanye nabantu abadala asebevele benomzimba ongezwani nokudla kwamakinati bangakwazi ukuzizwa bengenawo umoya kancane kancane ngenxa yokungazweli komzimba. Kalula nje, ukuchayeka kancane kancane kumakinati ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela kungavimbela ukusabela okubi (i-anaphylaxis) okungase kwenzeke ngokudla amakinati ngengozi.
Iyini imiphumela yokunikeza amantongomane kusenesikhathi?
Lolu shintsho olukhulu lubangelwe yimiphumela yokuhlolwa okukhulu kwezokwelapha okubizwa ngokuthi i-LEAP (Learning Early About Pea Nut Allergy ) , okwashicilelwa ngo-2015.
Lolu cwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukungenisa amantongomane ezinganeni ezisengozini enkulu (lezo esezivele zine-eczema noma ezinye izinhlobo zokungezwani nokudla) zisencane kunciphisa amathuba azo okuthi zibe nokungezwani nokudla kwamantongomane.Yehliswe ngo-81%. Kwasetshenziswa izingane ezingaphezu kuka-600 eziphakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-4-11 kulokhu. Iqembu elilodwa lanikezwa amantongomane kwaze kwaba yilapho lineminyaka engu-5, kanti elinye iqembu alinikwanga nhlobo.
Imiphumela yayimangalisa. Izingane ezingu-17% eqenjini ezazingadli amantongomane zaziqale ukungezwani nokudla amantongomane lapho zineminyaka engu-5 ubudala. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezingu-3% kuphela eqenjini ezazidla amantongomane ezazinalesi simo. Lokhu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuzijwayeza kusenesikhathi.
Umehluko phakathi kokugwema kanye nokungazweli
Ukuhlolwa kwe-LEAP kugxile ekuvimbeleni ukungezwani komzimba. Kodwa kuthiwani ngabantu asebevele benokungezwani komzimba? Yilokho okwenziwa yi-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) .
I-OIT imane nje iqeqesha kabusha amasosha omzimba womuntu osevele enesifo sokungezwani komzimba namantongomane. Lokhu kuhilela ukuqala ngomthamo omncane kakhulu weprotheyini yamantongomane, ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela, bese ukhulisa umthamo kancane kancane ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni. Lokhu kuvumela umzimba ukuthi uyeke ukusabela kabi kumantongomane futhi ufunde ukuwabekezelela .
Le ndlela manje isetshenziswa kwezinye izibhedlela eSri Lanka. Ngaphezu kwe-OIT, ucwaningo luyaqhubeka nakwezinye izindlela, njenge-peanut patch eletha iphrotheni yamantongomane ngesikhumba kanye namaconsi angaphansi kolimi.
Kungani ukungezwani nokudla kwamantongomane kuvame kangaka?
Umbuzo abazali abaningi abanawo uthi, "Besingenazo lezi zinto ngesikhathi sethu, pho kungani seziningi kangaka manje?" Odokotela basola izizathu eziningana zalokhu.
- Incazelo Yokuhlanzeka: Ngenxa yokuthi sihlanzekile kakhulu kulezi zinsuku, amasosha ethu omzimba anethuba elincane lokulwa namagciwane lapho esencane. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi aqala nje "impi" nento engenangozi njengamantongomane.
- Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D: Izingane manje sezichitha isikhathi esincane ngaphandle futhi zidlala elangeni. Zichitha isikhathi esiningi endlini ziphethe amakhompyutha namafoni. Lokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyimbangela yokuntuleka kwevithamini D.
- Izindlela zokukhiqiza ukudla: Uma ukudla kukhiqizwa ngobuningi obukhulu, ukungcola okuxubile nokunye ukudla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nakho kungaba yimbangela.
Lesi akusona sodwa isizathu, kungaba yinhlanganisela yazo zonke lezi zinto.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela: Indlela ukwelashwa kwe-OIT okwaphumelela ngayo
Bayazi ukuthi kukucindezela kangakanani ukuba ngumzali wengane enokungezwani okukhulu kwamantongomane. Kufanele ucabangele ngokucophelela ukudla ngakunye. Kufanele ufunde ilebula kukho konke okuthengayo esitolo. Kufanele uhlale une -epinephrine auto-injector (umjovo wemithi ephuthumayo) ngaso sonke isikhathi.
UJemma uyintombazane eneminyaka eyi-12 ubudala eyayinokungezwani okukhulu namakinati kanye namanye amantongomane amaningana. Wathola ukwelashwa kwe-OIT. Unina uchaze lesi simo kanje:
"Okokuqala, emtholampilo kadokotela, uGemma wanikezwa i-milligram yempuphu yamantongomane. Sahlolwa amahora ambalwa. Lapho kungekho kusabela, wabuya ekhaya. Ngemva kwalokho, ngamnikeza uGemma inani elifanayo lempuphu njalo ebusuku ekhaya. Ngaze ngathenga isikali sokulinganisa idayimane ukuze ngisilinganise ngokunembile. Saqhubeka nokumnika lowo mthamo izinyanga kwaze kwaba yilapho udokotela esitshela ukuthi senze kanjalo."
"Njalo lapho umthamo ukhushulwa, wawusenziwa esibhedlela. Wabe eselinda amahora amaningi ngaphambi kokuba abuye ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi uGemma wayeba nobuhlungu besisu kanye nomphimbo oklwebhayo. Bamnika umuthi walokho. Kancane kancane, umzimba wakhe wajwayela."
"Sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili senza lokhu kwelashwa. UGemma akasasebenzisi izidakamizwa, futhi udla amantongomane amabili avamile njalo ebusuku. Ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi."
Umgomo walokhu kwelashwa ukufinyelela umthamo wokunakekela . Okungukuthi, inani elidinga ukuthathwa nsuku zonke ukuze kulondolozwe ukuphepha. Lokhu ukuvimbela ukusabela okubi uma ngengozi udla okuthile okuqukethe amantongomane.
Amaqiniso abalulekile nezibalo okufanele uzazi
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula la maphuzu.
| Iqiniso | Imininingwane |
|---|---|
| Izingozi kwezinye izinhlobo zamantongomane | Uma une-allergy yamantongomane, ingozi yakho yokuba ne-allergy kumantongomane ezihlahla, njenge-almonds kanye ne-cashews, iphakeme ngo-25% - 40%. |
| Ukusabela okukhulu (i-Anaphylaxis) | Izingane ezingaphezu kuka-40% ezine-allergies yokudla ziye zabhekana nokusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy okungenani kanye empilweni yazo, kanti amantongomane yiwona avame kakhulu. |
| Ukuhlangana nezinye izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba | Izingane ezine-allergies yokudla zinamathuba aphindwe kabili kuya kwamane okuthola ezinye izifo, njenge-asthma kanye ne-pollen. |
| Ukwelashwa kwesikhathi esizayo | Umuthi we-OIT obizwa nge- AR101 , onikezwa njengephilisi, okwamanje uyacatshangelwa ukuthi uvunyelwe. Lokhu kungaba ukwelashwa kwezingane ezineminyaka engu-4-17. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane ngaphambi kokumnikeza ukudla okungase kubangele ukungezwani komzimba, njengamantongomane, enganeni yakho.
- Umbono wakamuva uwukuthi ukungenisa amantongomane esemncane (izinyanga ezi-4-6) kungavimbela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Uma ingane yakho ine-eczema noma ezinye izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba (eziyingozi kakhulu), amantongomane kufanele aqaliswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
- Uma usuvele une-allergies, i-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) iyindlela yokwelapha. Ungalokothi uzame lokhu ekhaya wedwa. Kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kokubhekwa okuqinile kwezokwelapha esibhedlela noma emtholampilo.
- Uma ubona izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (isib. ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, ukuhlanza), ziyise ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze.
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