Uyazazi yini i-polio? Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo esibi kangaka?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-polio'. Kwabanye abantu, sivela njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile futhi siphele ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, singaba sibi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi sibangele izinkinga zempilo impilo yonke futhi, ngokungavamile, sibangele ukufa. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngalesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-polio' nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani kuso.

Iyini ngempela i-Polio?

Kalula nje, i-polio yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane . Sibangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi "i-poliovirus". Lingasakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Iningi labantu abalitholayo alibonisi zimpawu ezinkulu, noma libonisa izimpawu ezincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangaba nezimpawu ezinzima. Yilapho izimo ezifana nokukhubazeka komzimba zivela khona.

I-polio isiqediwe emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, okuhlanganisa ne-United States. Kodwa-ke, ayikaqediwe ngokuphelele . Lesi sifo sisakhona kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, uma singayinakekeli imijovo, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi izophinde isabalale.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho i-polio ibangela ubuthakathaka ezithweni noma ukukhubazeka, odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-poliomyelitis".

Ingabe kufanele futhi siqaphele lezi zimpawu?

Uma kuvela i-polio, umuntu ngamunye angase abe nezimpawu ezihlukile.

Izimpawu ezivamile

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zokuqala ezifika engqondweni yilezo ezifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Lezi yizi:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele
• Imfiva
• Umphimbo obuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukungagayi kahle ukudla, isifo sohudo, noma ukuqunjelwa
• Ubuhlungu besisu

Izimpawu ezingaba zimbi kakhulu

Kwabanye abantu, izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane zingaba izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma ngisho namasonto kamuva. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uziqaphele:

• Ukuqina kwentamo, ubunzima bokugoba intamo
• Ubuhlungu, ukungazweli, noma ukuqaqamba ezingalweni nasemilenzeni (odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-paresthesia")
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya, okusho ukuthi amehlo akho azwela kakhulu ukubheka izibani ezikhanyayo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-photophobia"
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu lapho uthinta umzimba (ukuzwela ukuthinta)
• Ukuqina kwemisipha ngokuzumayo, ukudikiza
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka : Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ungakwazi ukunyakaza izingxenye zomzimba wakho, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula, ukugwinya, noma ukukhuluma.

Okubalulekile: Iningi labantu abangenwe yi-poliovirus alibonisi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma bengenazo izimpawu, basengasabalalisa igciwane kwabanye.

Yini ebangela i-polio?

Uvendle ubangelwa yigciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `(poliovirus)`. Lingowomndeni wamagciwane `(enterovirus)`. Kalula nje, leli gciwane liqala lithinte umphimbo wethu namathumbu. Bese kuba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane eziqala ukuvela. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi leli gciwane aligcini lapho. Lingasakazekela ebuchosheni bethu nasemgogodleni . Yilapho imisipha esetshenziswa ukuphefumula, ukukhuluma, ukugwinya ukudla, nokunyakaza kwamalungu ethu ingasebenzi, okubangela izimo ezifana nokukhubazeka.

Ithelelwana kanjani i-polio?

I-polio yisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu . Sisakazeka kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ikakhulukazi ngendle noma amaconsi okuphefumula avela ekuthinimula noma ekukhwehleleni . Singase sisakazeke nangamanzi angcolile nokudla okungcolile.

Cabanga ngezimo ezinjengalezi:

• Uma ungazigezi izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokuya endlini yangasese noma ngemva kokuthinta indle yengane encane.
• Kulungile ukuphuza amanzi angcolile anegciwane, noma ukuwafaka emlonyeni wakho.
• Uma ubhukuda endaweni enamanzi angcolile, isibonelo, echibini lokubhukuda.
• Uma udla ukudla okwenziwe ngamanzi angcolile noma ukudla okungcoliswe ngamanzi angcolile.
• Uma umuntu one-polio ekhwehlela noma ethimula.
• Uma usondelene nomuntu one-polio.
• Uma uthinta indawo (isib. ithoyizi, induku yomnyango) enegciwane kuyo bese uthinta umlomo noma impumulo yakho ngaleso sandla esifanayo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-polio?

Uma ungakagonywanga ngokuphelele i-polio, futhi ungakaze ube ne-polio ngaphambili, usengathola i-polio. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma uhlala noma uhamba endaweni lapho i-polio isasakazeke khona .

Ngokuvamile, noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala angathola i-polio. Kodwa-ke, izingane ezincane zinamathuba amaningi okuyithola . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi azikaze zibe nayo ngaphambili futhi kungenzeka ukuthi azizange zigonywe ngokugcwele.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-polio?

Uvendle ungabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kobuchopho (i-encephalitis)
• Ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezizungeze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla (i-meningitis)
• Ukukhubazeka (mhlawumbe impilo yonke)
• I-Post-polio syndrome : Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuntu owalulama ku-polio esemncane eba nobuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nobuhlungu futhi eminyakeni eminingi, ngezinye izikhathi amashumi eminyaka, kamuva.
• Ukufa (ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu)

Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-polio?

Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola i-polio ngokubheka izimpawu zakho nokuhlola uketshezi lomzimba wakho. Kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho uma usanda kuhamba.

Udokotela angathatha amasampula oketshezi lomzimba olufana nalolu bese eluhlola:

• Isampula yamathe ethathwe emphinjeni
• Isampula yesihlalo
• Isampula yegazi
• Uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (`uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal`) - lokhu kuthathwe emgogodleni ngenaliti encane (ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukubhoboza kwe-lumbar')

Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-polio zifana kakhulu neze-flu evamile, udokotela uzohlola nezinye izifo ezivamile.

Ingabe ikhona ikhambi le-polio?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi eliqondile le-polio . Okusho ukuthi, ayikho imithi ethile ongayinikeza. Ayikho indlela yokuyenza ibe ngcono ngokushesha noma yokuvimbela ukukhubazeka.

Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kungasiza ngemisipha ebuthakathaka. Futhi, uma imisipha esetshenziselwa ukuphefumula ibuthakathaka, kungadingeka usebenzise umshini ukukusiza ukuphefumula (umoya wokuphefumula owenziwe ngomshini).

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Kungcono ukubona udokotela uma:

• Uma uke wathintana nomuntu one-polio futhi unezimpawu.
• Uma unemibuzo mayelana nomuthi wokugomela i-polio.

Kungaba usizo futhi ukubuza udokotela izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ngingazinakekela kanjani ekhaya?
• Kufanele ngiphinde ngikubone nini futhi?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngiye esibhedlela ukuze ngizihlole?
• Ngingadlulisela lesi sifo komunye umuntu? Isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ngingaya emsebenzini noma esikoleni?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngigweme ukusabalalisa lokhu kwabanye?
• Ngizoba ngcono nini?
• Ingabe ngizoba nezinkinga zesikhathi eside?

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-polio?

Indlela engcono kakhulu nebaluleke kakhulu yokuzivikela ku-polio ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-polio . Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa usemncane. Uma ungakawutholi umuthi wokugomela useyingane, noma ungazi okuningi ngawo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngawo.

Ukugoma kuyisivikelo esiyinhloko!

Khumbula, umuthi wokugomela i-polio uyisivikelo esiyinhloko sokuvikela wena nezingane zakho kulesi sifo esiyingozi. Kubalulekile ukunikeza izingane le mijovo ngokwesimiso sokugomela esinikezwe uhulumeni waseSri Lanka.

Izindlela zokuphepha ezengeziwe

Ngaphezu kokugoma, unganciphisa nengozi yakho ngokwenza lezi zinto:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese nokushintsha amanabukeni ezingane ezincane.
• Ungabhukudi uma unesifo sohudo. Futhi, ungavumeli izingane zakho zibhukude uma zisanda kuba nesifo sohudo.
• Uma use, noma uya endaweni engenamanzi ahlanzekile, sebenzisa amanzi asemabhodleleni kuphela ukuphuza nokupheka .

Kwenzekani uma uthola i-polio? Ungalulama?

Esikhathini esiningi, i-polio ibangela izimpawu ezincane ezifana nomkhuhlane. Ngokuvamile ziyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma ngesonto. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuthi ubani ozoba nezimpawu ezinzima nokuthi ubani ongeke abe nazo . Ungase uzizwe ungcono isikhashana, bese uphinda uthole izimpawu ezintsha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto kamuva.

Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bayalulama ngokuphelele ekwelapheni ipholiyo., ngaphandle komonakalo wesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukukhubazeka kungaba yinto ehlala njalo.

Uma wawunesifo sofuba usemncane, ungase ube nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-post-polio syndrome" lapho usukhulile.

Yini ongayenza ukuze uthole impumuzo ekhaya?

Uma unezimpawu ze-polio, ungathola impumuzo kulezi zinto:

• Phuza uketshezi oluningi njengamanzi nesobho.
• Ukusebenzisa ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo (amaphakethe okushisa) kungasiza ngobuhlungu bemisipha.
• Thatha imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela. Kodwa-ke, unganiki izingane imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wezingane kuqala .
• Yenza ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuzivocavoca okunconywe udokotela wakho.
• Phumula kahle.

Ingabe i-polio isiqediwe emhlabeni?

Uvendle usuqediwe ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba ngenxa yokugonywa kwezingane. Okusho ukuthi, awusavamile ezindaweni eziningi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe izinhlelo zezempilo zomphakathi ezisabalele, ubhubhane lwevendle ekuqaleni kwawo-1900 lwakhubaza futhi lwabulala izinkulungwane zabantu. Isibonelo, ubhubhane lokugcina olukhulu e-United States ngo-1952 lwashiya abantu abangaphezu kuka-21,000, iningi labo liyizingane, bekhubazekile.

Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kabanzi kwemijovo yepholiyo ngo-1955, ukutheleleka ngegciwane lepholiyo kwehle kakhulu. Ipholiyo yamenyezelwa ukuthi isiqediwe e-United States ngo-1994. Kodwa-ke, amacala angase avele ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuhamba kwamanye amazwe. Uma abantu beyeka ukugonywa, ipholiyo ingaqala ukusabalala futhi .

Kulezi zinhlobo ezintathu ze-poliovirus yasendle, izinhlobo 2 no-3 sezisusiwe emhlabeni. Okusho ukuthi, azisekho ezinye izimo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo. Nakuba uhlobo 1 selususiwe emazweni amaningi, alukasuswa ngokuphelele emhlabeni.

Eqinisweni, kungenxa yalo muthi wokugomela osebenzayo ukuthi abaningi bethu namuhla abasadingeki bakhathazeke ngemiphumela emibi ye-polio. Kodwa-ke, yize ukusabalala kwayo kuyekile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, izinhlangano zezempilo zomphakathi zisasebenza ukuyiqeda ngokuphelele. Khumbula, uma nje i-polio isekhona ndawana thize emhlabeni, ingabuya futhi ibangele izifo ezinkulu . Uma unenkinga ngokuphepha kwakho, ikakhulukazi uma uya endaweni lapho i-polio isasakazeke khona, khuluma nodokotela wakho.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, ake ngifingqe izinto ezimbalwa esikhulume ngazo nge-polio engicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile kuwe:

• Uvendle yisifo esibangelwa igciwane esingaba sibi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi size sikhubazeke.
• Ukugoma kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela wena nezingane zakho ku-polio. Kubalulekile ukuthi uthole imijovo yakho ngesikhathi.
• Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka (ukugeza izandla, ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile) kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwe-polio.
• Uma unezimpawu ze-polio (umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, intamo eqinile, ubuthakathaka emalungeni),Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
• Njengoba i-polio ingakaqedwa ngokuphelele emhlabeni, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi sonke ukuqaphela lokhu nokulandela izinyathelo zokuphepha.

Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo. Hlala uphilile!

Uvendle , Uvendle, Izimpawu Zovendle, Umuthi Wokugomela Uvendle, Igciwane Levendle, Ukukhubazeka, Impilo Yengane