Wake wanyathela into efana nesipikili esigqwalile noma ucezu lwensimbi walimala? Uma lokho kwenzeka, sibona udokotela ngokushesha bese sithola umjovo we-Anti-Tetanus ukuvimbela i-tetanus, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, sinikezwa imijovo eminingi kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuze isivikele ezifweni eziningana eziyingozi. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomuthi wokugoma kuphela osivikela ezifweni ezintathu eziyingozi kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezibulalayo. Lowo muthi wokugoma we-Tdap . Kuzoba kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nomndeni wakho ukuqaphela lokhu.
I-Tdap iwumuthi wokugomela ziphi izifo ezintathu?
Kalula nje, i-Tdap iwumuthi wokugomela ohlanganisiwe ovikela izifo ezintathu ngomjovo owodwa. Izinhlamvu ezintathu egameni layo zimelela lezi zifo ezintathu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Incwadi | Isifo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|---|
| T | I-Tetanus (umhlathi ogoqekile) | Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-lockjaw." Lokhu kubangela ukuthi imisipha emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ezungeze intamo nomhlathi, iqine futhi ibe buhlungu. Ungase ungakwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho, ukuphefumula, noma ukugwinya. Uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ngisho nasekufeni. |
| d | I-Diphtheria | Lokhu kubangela ukwakheka koqweqwe olujiyile ngemuva komphimbo. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukukhubazeka, ngisho nokufa. |
| i-ap | I-Acellular Pertussis (Ukukhwehlela Okukhwehlelayo) | Lokhu kubangela ukukhwehlela okukhulu nokuqhubekayo okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula, ukudla, noma ngisho nokuphuza. Kungaba yingozi empilweni, ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap unikezwa kuphela izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala, intsha kanye nabantu abadala. Kukhona omunye umuthi wokugomela (i-DTaP) onikezwa izingane ezincane kunalowo ngenxa yezifo ezifanayo.
Zisho ukuthini izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane emagameni ale mijovo?
Cishe uke wezwa amagama amaningana afana ne-DTaP, Tdap, kanye ne-Td. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kudida kancane, empeleni kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda.
Kalula nje, uhlamvu olukhulu egameni lubonisa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma uqukethe umthamo ogcwele womuthi wokugoma waleso sifo. Uhlamvu oluncane , njengo-'d' no-'p' ku-Tdap, lubonisa ukuthi uqukethe umthamo omncane womuthi wokugoma we-tetanus kanye ne-pertussis. Lo mthamo omncane wanele ukunikeza umthamo wokuqinisa kubantu abasha nabadala.
U -'a' ku-Tdap kanye ne-DTaP umele 'acellular' . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuthi wokugoma uqukethe ingxenye encane kuphela yamagciwane akhwehlelayo, hhayi wonke amagciwane. Lokhu kwenza ingozi yemiphumela emibi ibe phansi kakhulu.
Ubani okufanele athole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap?
Kudingeka sicacise ukuthi obani abadinga lo muthi wokugoma. Ngokuvamile unconywa kubantu abalandelayo:
- Izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala: Uma bengakwazi ukuqeda uchungechunge lwemithi yokugomela izingane noma bengayitholanga nhlobo, banikezwa umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap.
- Izingane eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-11-12: Kunikezwa umthamo owodwa ukuze kuqiniswe amasosha omzimba ekugonyweni kwezingane.
- Omama abakhulelwe: Uma ukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap phakathi nekota yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Sizoxoxa ngalokhu kabanzi.
- Abantu abadala: Noma yimuphi umuntu omdala ongakaze athole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngaphambili kufanele athole umthamo owodwa. Ngemva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthola umthamo wokuqinisa njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ukuze alondoloze amasosha omzimba.
Kungani kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Uma umama okhulelwe etshelwa ukuthi athole lo muthi wokugomela, angase azizwe esaba kancane. "Ingabe lokhu kuzothinta ingane?" Ungase uzibuze. Kodwa empeleni lokhu kuyisivikelo esikhulu kuwe nakumntwana wakho ongakazalwa.
Cabanga nje, uma uthola lo muthi wokugomela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza amasosha omzimba alwa nesimungumungwane, ugonogono, ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela. Lawa masosha omzimba abalulekile adluliselwa enganeni yakho nge-placenta.
Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi umntwana uvikelekile ekukhwehleleni okukhwehlelayo kusukela ngesikhathi ezalwa. Ngoba umntwana akavikelekile ekukhwehleleni okukhwehlelayo kuze kube yizinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuqala uchungechunge lwakhe lokugoma. Lesi sifo siyingozi kakhulu uma umntwana esithola. Ngakho-ke umuthi wokugoma owutholayo ufana nesivikelo sokuqala esivikelwa ingane yakho.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akubeki bungozi bokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukuzalwa unesisindo esiphansi. Ngakho-ke, yithole ngaphandle kokwesaba, ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Ubani okungafanele athole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap?
Abanye abantu abafaneleki kulo mjovo. Uma unesifo esibucayi sezempilo, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukuthola umjovo uze uphile kahle.
Futhi, uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugomela:
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngaphambilini.
- Uma uke wabhekana nobuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela ama-shingles noma ama-shingles.
- Uma uke waba ne -coma, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ukuxhuzula ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela ukukhwehlela.
- Uma unesifo sokuwa njalo.
- Uma unesifo sezinzwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) .
Imiphumela emibi yomjovo nokuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, imiphumela emibi emincane ingase ivele ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma we-Tdap. Lokhu kuvame ukuphela phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili.
Imiphumela emibi emincane evamile:
- Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala lapho kujovwe khona
- Ukukhathala
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Umkhuhlane omncane
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Isisu esibuhlungu
Izimpawu ezinzima ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha:
Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa uma uhlangabezana nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okunje, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba (amaqhubu) kanye nokuvuvukala kobuso nomphimbo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Isiyezi
- Umzimba ongenampilo
Amanye amaqiniso abalulekile mayelana nomuthi wokugomela i-Tdap
- Ukutholaphi lokhu?
Ungathola umuthi wokugoma kudokotela womndeni wakho, emitholampilo kahulumeni, nasezibhedlela ezizimele. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, umuthi wokugoma uyatholakala nasehhovisi lendawo le-Medical Officer of Health (MOH).
- Ingabe lokhu kungathathwa neminye imithi yokugoma?
Yebo. Akukho nkinga yokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngosuku olufanayo neminye imijovo, okuhlanganisa nomjovo we-COVID-19. Kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi ngakho futhi uthole iseluleko.
- Ingabe ngidinga ukuthola i-booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10?
Yebo, impela. Ukuzivikela komzimba okubangelwa umuthi wokugoma kungancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke ukuthola umthamo wokuqinisa njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 kuzokunikeza isivikelo sesikhathi eside kulezi zifo eziyingozi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap uwumuthi wokugomela obalulekile okuvikela ezifweni ezintathu eziyingozi: i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, kanye nokukhwehlela okukhulu.
- Uma ungumama okhulelwe, ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela phakathi nekota yesithathu kungavikela ingane yakho engakazalwa ekukhwehleleni okusongela ukuphila.
- Abantu abadala kufanele bathole umthamo we-Tdap booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ukuze balondoloze amazinga aphezulu okuzivikela komzimba.
- Nakuba imiphumela emibi evela emgomeni ivame ukuba mincane, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ezinkulu zokungezwani komzimba.
- Ngaphambi kokugonywa, khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ngempilo yakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha odlule.
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